Manor Skornyakovo-Arkhangelskoye - an old manor of the XIX century, located in the village of Skornyakovo , Zadonsky district of the Lipetsk region
| Manor house | |
| Manor Skornyakovo-Arkhangelsk | |
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| A country | |
| Location | |
| Status |  Object of cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation of regional significance. Reg. No. 481520268100005 ( EGROKN ). (Wikigid database) |
The noble nest, owned over the years by General Muravyov-Karsky , Count Chernyshev , and the noble Chertkov . Since 2007, large-scale restoration work has been carried out on the estate.
Content
Geography
The estate belongs to the rural settlement Skornyakovsky Village Council, located in the center of the Russian plain on the Central Russian Upland, 40 km north of the city of Zadonsk . The climate is temperate continental. To the south from east to west is the R-119 highway and the Lipetsk-Yelets railway. The nearest villages: Donskoye 1 , Butyrky , Kashary . Through the village of Skornyakovo, there passes a regional highway Lipetsk-Lebedyan, there is access to the federal highway M-4 "Moscow-Don". [one]
Manor History
The first mention of the village is found under the name "Arkhangelsk" and dates from the 1680th year. The name “Skornyakovo” of the land was received by the name of the first owner - Grigory Nefedievich Skornyakov-Pisarev . During the Streletsky rebellion of 1682, he held the Grand Duke, Peter Alekseevich . The estate was a reward for faithful service. In 1749, a personal decree of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna expanded the boundaries of the estate. The owner of these lands in those years was her cousin, Joseph Efimovsky. In 1755, Count Ivan Grigoryevich Chernyshev became the owner of the estate (he inherited the estate from his wife, Elizabeth Efimovskaya). It was Ivan Grigorievich who built a weaving factory, utility rooms, a wooden house church in the name of the holy martyr John Warrior on the territory. The brother of Ivan Grigoryevich, Chernyshev Zakhar Grigoryevich , was one of the first favorites of Empress Catherine the Great . At the end of the 19th century, their love correspondence was found in the bell tower of the Arkhangelsk church in the village of Skornyakovo. [2] .
In 1837, Natalia Grigoryevna Chernysheva inherited Skornyakovo. She transferred the right to complete management of the estate to her husband, General Muravyov-Karsky , the illustrious hero of the war of 1812 and the Russian-Turkish wars. In 1837, Nikolai Nikolayevich was forced to resign - the Emperor Nicholas I was extremely dissatisfied with his note "On the causes of escapes and the means to correct the Russian army." [3] From 1839 to 1848 Nikolai Nikolaevich lives in the estate. He is actively engaged in construction and landscaping, personally supervises the work there. In Skornyakovo, Nikolai Nikolaevich is engaged in archeology. In the early 1860s, he began excavating ancient mounds near the estate. [4] . In 1886, his findings were donated to the Historical Museum and became the basis of his archaeological collection. In his estate, in total, he spent more than 20 years. General Muravyov died on his estate on October 23, 1866. On October 27, the funeral service was performed in the Arkhangelsk church of the village of Skornyakovo. The will of the general contained a request for relatives to bury him in the Zadonsky Bogoroditsky monastery. The general’s last will was executed; his burial is now under the protection of the monastery. [5] The wife and four daughters of the general came to the estate after his death.
In 1885, a new owner appeared at the estate - the husband of Sofya Nikolaevna Muravyeva, Grigory Aleksandrovich Chertkov, the founder of the first free public library in Russia, known as the Chertkovskaya library. [3] Together with the daughter and son-in-law of the estate, the general’s wife, Natalya Grigoryevna, also lived. Before the revolution, Mikhail Vladimirovich Shidlovsky , the general, founder of Russo-Balt and Russian aviation, became the owner of Skornyakovo.
In 1918, Skornyakovo-Arkhangelskoe was nationalized. Since 1919, part of it became a state farm. The main house became an administrative building and, in part, a residential building. Another part of the estate was transferred to the Khmelenetsky sugar factory. The wooden manor house was used as a shelter. In the documents of 1920, he is referred to as a children's colony. Since 1922, the entire territory and buildings of the estate were transferred to the Tikhiy Don state farm. Since the mid-1980s, the state farm ceased to exist, gradually began to become desolate. |
Temple of Michael the Archangel
The Church of St. Michael the Archangel is the oldest building of the manor complex. It was built in 1812, under Count Ivan Grigoryevich Chernyshev .
The temple is built in a classic style . Presumably, the architect of the project was the architect Kazakov Matvey Fedorovich . According to legend, in 1812 part of the church treasury was donated to compose a new militia against Napoleon. And in 1861, the owner of the estate, General Muravyov, was visited by retired bishop Ignatius (Brianchaninov) of the Caucasus and Black Sea. The clergyman himself mentions the meeting in his letters to General Muravyov: “I liked the philosophical arrangement in which I saw you in the humble Skornyakov, how much you have for philosophy.” [6] The last priest of the temple of Michael the Archangel was Ismail (Bazilevsky) . He served in Skornyakovo until 1930, until the church was closed. Then he moved to Voronezh, where in 1940 he was arrested. In 1941, Ismail Bazilevsky was sentenced to death. And in 2000 he was canonized.
New Manor Life
- Restoration of the Church of St. Michael the Archangel
The new life of the manor complex began in 2006 with the restoration of the ancient church of St. Michael the Archangel. For the work, a restoration and construction company was created, the staff of which included architects, historians and engineers from different regions of the country. Several tons of pesticides that have been stored in the temple for almost half a century have been removed and disposed of. It was possible to restore the oak iconostasis, to preserve the unique painting of the walls: the frescoes were transferred to a solid surface centimeter by centimeter, were stored in special conditions until the work was completed, and then were returned to their original places. The solemn consecration of the temple took place in November 2013. The rite was conducted by the Metropolitan of Lipetsk and Zadonsky Nikon.
Notes
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ N. Muravyov. Notes. Voronezh, 1842
- ↑ 1 2 [Strategy for the socio-economic development of a rural settlement] // http://www.admzadonsk.ru/
- ↑ Lipetsk Encyclopedic Dictionary. Lipetsk, 1994
- ↑ [Objects of cultural heritage] // http://www.admzadonsk.ru/
- ↑ K. Zdravomyslov. Orthodox Theological Encyclopedia. Edition of Petrograd. Appendix to the spiritual journal "Wanderer" for 1904
Links
Sources
1. Muravyov, Nikolai Nikolaevich (general) // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb., 1890-1907
2. Zadonsky N. A. Life of Muravyov. - M., Contemporary, 1985
3. Manors of the Lipetsk region. - Lipetsk, 2015
4. Zdravomyslov K. Ya. Ignatius Brianchaninov // Orthodox Theological Encyclopedia. Volume 5. Edition of Petrograd. Appendix to the spiritual journal "Wanderer" for 1904
5. Full biography of St. Ignatius of the Caucasus / [Prep. to the ed. T. N. Semenova and Yu. R. Redkina]. - M .; SPb .: Publishing House. St. Ignatius of Stavropolsky, Russian National Library, 2002. - 512 p. - 4000 copies. - ISBN 5-88904-028-8 .
6. Khondzinsky P. Priest, Bezhanidze G.V., Sukhova N. Yu., Yakovlev A.I., Bolshakova S.E. Ignatius (Bryanchaninov) // Orthodox Encyclopedia. T. XXI. - M .: Church and Scientific Center "Orthodox Encyclopedia", 2009. - S. 74–89. - 752 s. - 39,000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-89572-038-7 .