Christmas Boulevard

It got its modern name at the beginning of the XIX century along Rozhdestvenka Street, which adjoins, and along the Mother of God-Rozhdestvensky Convent ^[1] .

The surroundings of Trubnaya Square have been known since the end of the 14th century, when the Christmas convent for women and the Sretensky convent were laid. Arable land on the outside began to be built up only in the XVI century. Near the monasteries, their working people settled, and in the XVIIth century, a settlement of the Printing House ( Pechatnikov Lane ) settled down behind the wall of the White City .

After the demolition of the walls of the White City ( 1760 ), despite the order of Catherine II to equip the boulevards ( 1775 ), the place of the current boulevard was spontaneously built up with benches. In the fire of 1812, the inside of the boulevard survived, and the outside was destroyed along with the benches at the former fortress walls. Only then, in the 1820s , a green boulevard was constructed, steeply descending to Trubnaya Square, and a hotel was built at the Sretensky Gate , at the end of the boulevard (subsequently built up, it has been preserved to this day).

March 6, 1953 on the boulevard and the adjacent Trubnaya Square there was a catastrophic crush caused by an influx of people who want to say goodbye to Stalin .

“My father was a driver, and my mother was a baker. We then lived in Moscow on Zhdanova Street (which is now Rozhdestvenka) <...> in the territory of the Nativity Monastery. <...>

All these three days, my mother and sister were only concerned about one thing: so that dad could get home from work without incident. Our house was near the epicenter of events. We saw how corpses were brought into the courtyard of the monastery and distributed according to the porches, so the head was clogged only by how dad, returning through Tsvetnoy Boulevard to Rozhdestvenka, would avoid being drawn into the maelstrom of the crowd. Near the monastery wall there was such a hillock, we stood on it, looked out onto the street and from there looked at the crowd descending from Chistye Prudy to Trubnaya.

Before our eyes, several people from the crowd crashed against the corner of a house standing on the corner of Rozhdestvenka and Trubnaya. <...> We have forever imprinted in our memory "girl with a scythe". The deceased girl was carried up Rozhdestvenka to the monastery, and a thick blond braid hung and dragged along the ground. Fortunately, the father was then able to safely return home. He showed military documents on duty on truck, and they passed him. <...>

We did not go to the funeral. It was enough for us that we observed this terrible crush at a distance of several meters. "

- Lidia Prokofievna Ivanina, project "05/03/53"

Noteworthy buildings and structures

•  

  Number 13

•  

  Number 25

•  

  Number 17

•  

  Number 16

•  

  Boulevard

On the slope of the boulevard when it enters Trubnaya Square, there is the Central Market food court. The building could not be completed for a long time, during this time it managed to get the unofficial name of “dung beetle”. The history of the object began with the adoption by the city authorities in 1996 of a decision to build a fountain and a one-story cafe with 75 seats, with a total area of ​​590 m², the project and initial permits were revised several times, as a result of which the area of ​​the “cafe” increased to 770, and then up to 2205 m². In the spring of 2009, an inspection of the Department of Cultural Heritage carried out an inspection of the construction, during which it turned out that the area of ​​the object was one and a half times the allowed and amounted to 3388 m² ^[2] .

On the odd (outer) side:

• No. 3 - Complex “Legend of Tsvetnoy” (2009—2011, NBBJ Architectural Bureau) ^[3] . Previously, the House of Political Education stood at this place (architects V. S. Andreev, K. D. Kislova, V. N. Tulupov, engineer L. V. Denisov). , built in the 1980s and demolished after a decade and a half.
• No. 5/7, p. 1 - Residential building (1934, architects L.Z. Cherikover , N. Arbuznikov) ^[4] . Here in the 1940s there lived a scout L.P. Vasilevsky ^[5] .
• No. 9 - The apartment building of Princess Bebutova (1909, architect G. A. Gelrich ^[6] ). Before the October Revolution, the house housed the US Consulate General ^[7] .
• No. 11 - apartment building (1873, architect L. Chizhikov) ^[1] .
• No. 13, p. 1, 2 - Estate of M. A. Lagofit (the first half of the XIX century, recreated in the 1980s), an object of cultural heritage of regional significance ^[8] .
• No. 15 - Apartment building (1890s, architect K. F. Busse ).
• No. 17 - Profitable House of N. I. Siluanov (1904, architect P. A. Zarutsky ) ^[1] . The architect S.S. Shutsman lived in the house.
• No. 19 - Profitable House of K. A. Kolesov (1913, architect D. M. Chelishchev ). In this building, one of the first in Moscow was launched an electric passenger elevator. In the 1920s, the famous ballerina E.V. Geltser lived here.
• № 21 - Profitable house of I. I. Dzhamgarov (left building) (1913, architect N. G. Lazarev ) ^[1]
• No. 25 - Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Pechatniki and the house of clergy. Built in 1695 on the site of the temple, known since 1625. Since 1950 - the Museum of the Soviet Arctic, and then the Museum of the Navy of the USSR. In 1994, the temple was returned to believers.

On the even (inner) side:

• No. 2-6 - historical buildings are replaced by a remake; earlier in the corner house No. 2 there were "Echkin’s numbers", which were given to students and which were mentioned in the stories of A. P. Chekhov; in house number 4, with semicircular windows, in the 19th century there was a homeopathic pharmacy; house number 6 retained the image of a heavy Empire style.
• No. 8/20 - Theotokos-Nativity Monastery , XVI — XIX centuries.
• No. 10 - Mansion of Grigory Konstantinovich Ushkov, son of K. K. Ushkov (interiors were designed in 1897 by architect F.O. Shekhtel ).
• No. 12/8 - The House of the Fonvizin Brothers .
  In 1794, the estate belonged to Prince. A. M. Golitsyna, from whom she passed to Alexander Ivanovich Fonvizin (younger brother of the writer D. I. Fonvizin ); in 1821, it was decided to dissolve the Union of Welfare in order to create a new secret society. Decembrists I.D. Yakushkin , P.H. Grabbe often lived in the house. In January 1826, I. A. Fonvizin and V. S. Norov were arrested here ^[9] . In May 1869, the estate was bought by N. F. von Meck ^[10] , which rebuilt the house (1869 - changing the facade, architect A. N. Stratilatov ; 1870s - reconstruction of the architect V. A. Gamburtsev ; in 1879 G. - architect P.P. Skomoroshenko ). In 1881, the house was sold to tea merchant A.S. Gubkin (1816–1883). At the beginning of the 20th century, it was occupied by the Noble Land Bank . Today, the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Fisheries is located here. An object of cultural heritage of federal significance ^{[8] [11]} .
• No. 14 - Countess E.P. Rostopchina's mansion (early 19th century; 1870, architect A.N. Stratilatov ), cultural heritage site of regional significance ^[8] . In the 1840s, the house was owned by N. F. Pavlov , who arranged here the literary and philosophical “Pavlovsk Thursdays”, famous throughout Moscow, attended by N. Gogol , E. Baratynsky , Y. Polonsky , A. Fet , A. S. Khomyakov , S.P. Shevyryov , P. Ya. Chaadaev , D.L. Kryukov, and others; here appeared Kireevsky and young Yu. F. Samarin . Subsequently, the house was acquired by E.F. Mattern.
• No. 16 - City estate of A.P. Karamysheva - Profitable possession of K.E. Zenker (end of the 18th century - 2nd half of the 19th century, reconstruction according to the project of B.V. Freidenberg).

• No. 16, p. 1 - Main House (1787–1793; 1852; 1883, architect B. V. Freidenberg ), object of cultural heritage of regional significance ^[8] ;
• No. 16, p. 2 - Residential building (1864, architect I. S. Kaminsky ). From 1933 to 1943, the proletarian writer Demyan Bedny lived in this house; later, his museum was located in this building. An object of cultural heritage of federal significance ^[8] .

• No. 19 - The Church of the New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia, built in 2014-2017 on the site of several monastery buildings at the turn of the 20th — 19th centuries, despite public protests.
• No. 20 - Apartment building (1879, architect P. S. Campioni ).
• No. 22/23 - Apartment Building E.Z. Melas - S.I. Malyushina (1896, architect M. A. Arsenyev ).

• Metro Trubnaya and Tsvetnoy Boulevard (beginning) or Sretensky Boulevard (end)

In 1936, a fire broke out in house No. 20 on Rozhdestvensky Boulevard - a kerosene exploded. A citizen passing a tram saw a fire (as it later turned out, a 27-year-old rabfakovets V. Burnatsky). He jumped off the tram, climbed the fourth floor through a drainpipe and pulled out a 24-year-old citizen M. Anikeeva from a burning house. Passing it to the fire brigade, the citizen quietly left the house and disappeared. This episode, described in the newspaper Pravda , served as the impetus for the poet Samuel Marshak to create the poem The Story of an Unknown Hero (1937) ^[12] .

• Sytin P.V. History of Moscow streets. - M .: Eksmo , 2008 .-- S. 135-137. - 512 s. - 5100 copies. - ISBN 978-5-699-24988-6 .
• Moscow. Architectural guide / Buseva-Davydova I.L. , Nashchokina M.V. , Astafieva-Dlugach M.I. - M .: Stroyizdat , 1997 .-- 512 p. - ISBN 5-274-01624-3 .

• Yamskoy N. Rozhdestvensky (Russian) . "The radius of the city" No. 11 ( November 2008 ). Date of treatment March 19, 2010. Archived February 25, 2012.
• Rozhdestvensky Boulevard - on the site MosDva