Baron Andrei Nikolayevich Korf ( July 10 ( July 22 ) 1831 - January 24 ( February 5 ) 1893 [1] ) - Russian military and statesman, adjutant general (1879), infantry general (08.30.1892), the first general Governor of Amur Region (1884-93). His name is a number of geographical features in the Far East.
| Andrey Nikolaevich Korf | |||||||||||||||||
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| Date of Birth | July 10 (22), 1831 | ||||||||||||||||
| Date of death | January 24 ( February 5 ) 1893 (61 years old) | ||||||||||||||||
| Place of death | Khabarovka city | ||||||||||||||||
| Type of army | guards infantry | ||||||||||||||||
| Years of service | 1849-1893 | ||||||||||||||||
| Rank | general from infantry | ||||||||||||||||
| Commanded | Lithuanian Life Guards Regiment , 34th and 13th Infantry Divisions, Amur Military District | ||||||||||||||||
| Awards and prizes |
Foreign:
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Content
Biography
Representative of the Ostsee clan Korfov He was brought up in the Page Corps , he began his service on 05/26/1849 with the rank of ensign . From 06.12.1852 - lieutenant , from 11.04.1854 - lieutenant , from 08.30.1855 - staff captain . From 11/09/1856 - commander of the Guards Rifle Training Company. From 30.08.1857 - captain . He participated in the Caucasian War and under Vedeno was wounded in the leg, 06/29/1859 was awarded the Order of St. George 4th degree (No. 10148 according to the list of Grigorovich - Stepanov).
| In the case against the Highlanders, during the capture of the fortified village of Veden , in 1859, during the assault of the Andean redoubt, having volunteered to hunters, at the head of two companies of the 20th Infantry Battalion, he rushed to the indicated redoubt and climbed the shaft among the first. |
11.20.1857-22.10.1858 - Assistant to the Chief of the Infantry Officer Company [2] . 04/23/1861 - promoted to colonel . 11/05/1861-27.10.1862 - Head of the Rifle Officer Company. From 06/26/1865 - commander of the 99th Infantry Regiment of Ivangorod .
From 05/08/1866 - I.D. Chief of Staff of the Riga Military District . 08/30/1867 promoted to major general with approval in office.
From 08.30.1869 Korf commanded the Life Guards Lithuanian Regiment , simultaneously from 02.10.1873 - commander of the 1st Brigade of the 3rd Guards Infantry Division ( Warsaw ), from 04.17.1874 - commander of the 11th Infantry Division , from 29.05.1874 - Commander of the 34th Infantry Division , 10/01/1878 promoted to lieutenant general with approval in office. Since 05/08/1879 - Head of the 13th Infantry Division .
07/14/1884 Korf was appointed governor-general of the Amur Region and commander of the forces of the Amur Military District , and on April 22, 1887, in addition, as the ataman of the Amur Cossack troops . I took care of raising the economic and educational level of the region: with it the population increased, the South Ussuri Territory (the south of modern Primorsky Territory ) quickly began to settle, the development of coal deposits in Sakhalin , as well as local forest and fish wealth began; measures were taken to stop the predatory exploitation of the seal industry on the Commander Islands and to develop maritime relations with China , Japan and Korea . At the initiative of Korf, in 1885, a congress of knowledgeable people (senior officials, industrialists, merchants of the 1st guild) was held in Khabarovka to find out the needs of the region; a year later - the second congress. Under him, many schools were opened and missionary activity among the peoples of the Far East was developed.
The cruelty of A.N. Korf towards political prisoners led to the Carian tragedy of 1889.
The Baron died suddenly in 1893. His grave in the Assumption Cathedral of Khabarovsk was destroyed in Soviet times.
Interesting Facts
| Korf died very unexpectedly - on February 6, 1893 in Khabarovsk |
- briefly writes the historian from Vladivostok Amir Khisamutdinov [3] .
According to the official version, the baron died at the 62nd year of his life at a ball during dancing.
According to unofficial information, he died of heart failure on the night of January 23-24 on the old style (on the night of February 5 on the new style) in his bed. This happened on the third day after the apoplexy blow that happened at a ball party.
This party ball was given in honor of the end of the III Congress of knowledgeable people in Khabarovsk, which took place in January 1893. Speaking at a dinner on January 20 at the opening of the congress, Baron Korf in an elated spirit dwelt in detail on the "practical results" of the activities of the participants in the previous congress, comparing the situation of the Amur region in 1885 and 1892. And nothing portended trouble.
| All the information that was reported to me then about the region turned out to be true and accurate, which I had the opportunity to personally verify during my subsequent repeated and attentive detours of the region. Everything that was planned by the congress turned out to be both true and practical, and I constantly found the best solution to every question in the direction that was conceived by the congress |
- said Baron Korf, proposing to continue to hold similar events (by the way, in 2013 it was decided to revive the congress of knowledgeable people, VII in a row). ... On the same day, in the evening of January 20, 1893, a ball was given. On it the tragedy happened.
According to the official version, the grave of Baron Korf (he was buried in one of the pylons in the Assumption Cathedral, now Cathedral-Komsomolskaya Square in the center of Khabarovsk) was destroyed in Soviet times. As many newspapers wrote at that time, “in 1931, the baron was thrown into the trash when dismantling the cathedral ...” [4] .
The writer Dmitry Nagishkin in his novel "Constellation Sagittarius" writes that no one took Baron Korf anywhere and threw him away. He just disappeared. The writer describes with almost documentary accuracy the opening of the tomb of Korf in Khabarovsk and what happened after [5] .
“... When they opened the crypt in the cathedral, they found in it a coffin with the remains of the penultimate governor of the region - Baron Korf, who was buried in full full dress and with all the regalia,” recalls Nagishkin. - The whole city ran to look at the baron. Although more than a dozen years have passed since his burial, the baron looked excellent. His stiff mustache stuck out like a cat’s. Straight, stiff hair, somewhat regrown, retained the perfect parting. The thick eyebrows on the swarthy face concealed an imperious severity, and her full lips were a little pout, as if the baron wanted to notice: “Fui! What kind of bunch here, gentlemen? I’ll ask you to disperse! ”
Those present gasped when they saw the baron, who, in all his splendor, experienced revolutionary upheavals. Fans of antiquity said with admiration: “That's how it used to be, huh!” Believers understood the appearance of the baron in such a way as a certain sign of something to someone.
But here the baron surprised everyone who was present with different feelings at his opening - he, still not expressing his attitude to the fact that his afterlife was disturbed, began to turn to dust, and soon his official and military splendor was gone nothing but a few tufts of coarse hair, filled teeth, tarnished buttons and heels from the heels, put on solid nails!
In this form, the baron took up significantly less space, and the task of transferring his ashes to another place, in an ordinary cemetery, no longer made any difficulties ... ” [6]
But Khabarovsk local historian Anatoly Zhukov claims that the ashes of Baron Korf were not stored at all under the Assumption Cathedral. According to him, about one and a half to two years after the burial (around 1895), the widow of Korf took the baron's ashes to their homeland, in Libau .
| In 1945, during the American shelling in Liepaja, several bombs fell on the territory of the cemetery, where Baron Korf was re-buried, and ... everything mixed up with the ground, and now nothing can be found |
- so wrote to Anatoly Zhukov Korf's relatives from abroad [4] .
Rewards
Russian Empire:
- Order of St. George 4th degree (1859)
- Order of St. Vladimir 4th degree (1861)
- Order of St. Stanislav 2nd degree (1864)
- Order of St. Anne of the 2nd degree (1866)
- Order of St. Vladimir 3rd degree (1867)
- Order of St. Stanislav 1st degree (1869)
- Order of St. Anne 1st degree (1871)
- Imperial crown to the Order of St. Anne 1st degree (1873)
- Order of St. Vladimir , 2nd degree (1883)
- Order of the White Eagle (1886)
- Order of St. Alexander Nevsky (1889) and diamond signs of this order (1891)
Foreign countries:
- Prussian Order of the Crown , 2nd Degree (1861)
- Medal in memory of the coronation of the King of Prussia (1862)
- Danish Order of Danebrog Commander's Cross (1864)
- Greek Order of the Savior Commander's Cross (1864)
- Imperial Austrian Order of Franz Joseph the Great Cross (1874)
- Italian Order of the Saints of Mauritius and Lazarus 1st degree (1883)
Memory
In memory of the Governor-General are named:
- Corfu Bay of the Bering Sea ;
- pos. Korf Olyutor district of Kamchatka Territory ;
- Korfovo village, Amur region ;
- pos. Korfovsky Khabarovsk Territory ;
- Korfovskaya station of the Far Eastern Railway ;
- Korfovka village, Primorsky Territory .
Notes
- ↑ The first honorary citizens of Vladivostok on the website “Vladivostok is 150 years old” (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment September 12, 2010. Archived December 7, 2013.
- ↑ Korf, Andrei Nikolaevich . Military Encyclopedia (Sytin, 1911-1915) .
- ↑ The Secret of Baron Korf . hab.mk.ru. Date of treatment February 13, 2016.
- ↑ 1 2 The Secret of Baron Korf and Khabarovsk << Science, History, Education, Media | DEBRY-DV . debri-dv.ru. Date of treatment February 13, 2016.
- ↑ Where is Baron Korf buried? << Science, History, Education, Media | DEBRY-DV . debri-dv.com. Date of treatment February 13, 2016.
- ↑ Nagishkin D. D. Archer constellation: Roman. - M .: Owls. writer, 1965. - 630 p. Ch. 2, p. 6-12.
Sources
- Baron Andrei Nikolaevich Korf // Siberian Commercial and Industrial Yearbook 1913. Edition by D. R. Jung. Printing house "Our Century". St. Petersburg. 1912
- Korf, Andrei Nikolaevich // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- List to the generals by seniority. Done on January 1, 1891. St. Petersburg, Military Printing House, 1891
- List to the generals by seniority. Done on September 1, 1892. St. Petersburg, Military Printing House, 1892, p. 97.
Links
- Korf, Andrei Nikolaevich at the Rodovod . Tree of ancestors and descendants