Farid Yavdatovich Khalili (born August 22, 1952) is a Russian physicist , professor of Moscow State University , doctor of physical and mathematical sciences , author of works in the theory of quantum and precision measurements , quantum optics , quantum information , quantum optomechanics , physics of gravitational wave detectors , astrophysics and cosmology . He made a fundamental contribution to the discovery of gravitational waves [1] [2] [3] [4] . Together with VB Braginsky, he is the creator of Quantum nondemolition measurement . Known as the creator of "Khalili Etalon" [5] . Included in the international collaboration LSC ( LIGO Scientific Collaboration ). Laureate of the Breakthrough Prize in fundamental physics "For the observation of gravitational waves, opening new horizons in astronomy and physics." (2016) [6] . Farid Yavdatovich is one of the most cited Russian scientists, the Hirsch index is 49 [7] [8] [9] (for 2017).
| Farid Yavdatovich Khalili | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | August 22, 1952 (66 years old) |
| Place of Birth | the USSR |
| Scientific field | physics |
| Place of work | Moscow State University , Department of Oscillation Physics |
| Alma mater | Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University |
| Academic degree | Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences |
| Academic rank | Professor |
| supervisor | Braginsky, Vladimir Borisovich |
| Awards and prizes | Breakthrough Prize in fundamental physics "For the observation of gravitational waves, opening new horizons in astronomy and physics" (2016)  |
| Site | Khalili Farid Yavdatovich |
Content
Biography
Farid Yavdatovich Khalili was born on August 22, 1952. In 1969 he entered the Physics Department of Moscow State University , in 1975 - graduated from it, having received a diploma with honors. In 1975-78 - graduate student of the Physics Department of Moscow State University. In 1979 he defended his thesis.
Positions (all at the physics department of Moscow State University ):
- Senior Laboratory Assistant, 1978-1982
- Junior Researcher, 1982-1986
- Researcher, 1986-1989
- Senior Researcher, 1989-1997
- Professor , since 1997
Scientific activity
The theme of F. Ya. Khalili's scientific activity is the quantum theory of measurements, including the theory of quantum non-perturbing measurements, and the quantum theory of detection and estimation. In 1996, F. Ya. Khalili defended his doctoral dissertation on the subject of “Ultimate Sensitivity in Linear and Nonlinear Quantum Measurements”. Its main results (cited from the text of the dissertation):
1. The theory of linear quantum systems with continuous measurement is constructed. A relation is obtained that describes the statistics of the results for any sequences of linear measurements. The passage to the case of continuous quantum measurements is completed.
2. A universal relation has been obtained that relates the dynamic and noise characteristics of any linear quantum systems, including nonequilibrium ones. A particular case of this relationship is the inequality that relates the measurement accuracy and the inverse fluctuation effect for linear quantum meters.
3. An equation of motion is obtained for a density operator describing the behavior of nonlinear quantum systems with continuous measurement. The evolution process of two typical quantum systems in continuous nonlinear measurement is analyzed. The nature of the transition of the dynamic behavior of such systems, with increasing tracking accuracy, from free evolution to "freezing" in the initial state (the quantum Zeno effect) is demonstrated.
4. A set of criteria is formulated that a measuring device must satisfy to implement a quantum non-perturbing measurement. It is shown that in the scheme of a quantum non-perturbing measurement of electromagnetic energy, based on its accumulation in a high-Q resonator, a necessary condition is to connect the resonator “to reflection” (and not to span).
5. A new class of quantum states of the electromagnetic field is described that occurs in a quantum non-perturbing measurement of the energy of a traveling electromagnetic wave — frequency-anticorrelated quantum states. The product of the energy and phase uncertainties for these states is equal to the corresponding value for single-photon states. This property makes it possible to measure the speed of macroscopic bodies by the Doppler method with an accuracy exceeding the standard quantum limit.
6. The conditions are formulated under which the sensitivity of a quantum test object to the effects of classical force is limited by a standard quantum limit. It is shown that the standard quantum limit can be overcome even in the framework of continuous coordinate measurements. Several detection schemes have been proposed that make it possible to obtain a sensitivity exceeding the standard quantum limit.
7. It is shown that the cross-correlation of the noise of the meter is equivalent to some modification of the dynamic properties of the test object. This property can be used to obtain a sensitivity exceeding the standard quantum limit for systems with continuous coordinate measurement.
8. The presence of a characteristic sensitivity limit associated with the limited energy that a meter can invest in a quantum test system is shown. Corresponding expressions are obtained for the limiting sensitivity of typical quantum test systems.
In recent years, the scientific activity of F. Ya. Khalili has been associated with the development of promising topologies and methods for acquiring information for large laser gravitational antennas. The sensitivity of such antennas in the next 5-7 years should reach the level when the quantum properties of even very macroscopic (about 10 kg mass) objects become significant, which are the test bodies used in them. In this case, characteristic limitations on sensitivity arise (the most famous of them is the so-called Standard Quantum Limit), which cannot be overcome within the framework of traditional measurement methods. Therefore, it becomes necessary to develop other fundamentally new methods.
Main publications
Major publications (for a lifetime), as well as the most interesting publications over the past few years:
1. V. B. Braginsky, Yu. I. Vorontsov, F. Ya. Khalili, Quantum Features of the Ponderomotive Electromagnetic Energy Meter , ZhETF, vol. 73 (1977) 1340–1343
2. V. B. Braginsky, Yu. I. Vorontsov, F. Ya. Khalili, Optimal quantum measurements in gravitational radiation detectors , Letters in JETP, vol. 27 (1978) 296-301
3. Yu. I. Vorontsov, F. Ya. Khalili, Quantum-mechanical constraints in the classical analysis of circuits with amplifiers , Radio Engineering and Electronics, vol. 27 (1982) 2392–2398
4. F. Ya. Khalili, On the ultimate sensitivity of quantum test systems , Vestnik Mosk. Univ., Series 3, vol. 3 (1983) 17-20
5. VB Braginsky, F. Ya. Khalili, Quantum Measurement , ed. by KSThorne, 1992
6. VB Braginsky, F. Ya. Khalili, “Maxwell demon” in quantum non-demolition measurements , Physics Letters A, v186 (1994) 15-17
7. VB Braginky, F. Ya. Khalili, Quantum Nondemolition Measurements: the Route from Toys to Tools , Review of Modern Physics, 68 (1996) 1-11
8. VB Braginky, F. Ya. Khalili, Nonlinear meter for the gravitational wave antenna , Physics Letters A 218 (1996) 167–174
9. VB Braginsky, ML Gorodetsky, F. Ya. Khalili, Optical bars in gravitational wave antenna , Physics Letters A 232 (1997) 340–348
10. VB Braginsky, ML Gorodetsky, F. Ya. Khalili, The scheme of QND meter of microwave quadrature amplitude , Applied Physics B 64 (1997) 243–247
11. VB Braginsky, ML Gorodetsky, F. Ya. Khalili, Quantum limits and symphotonic states in free-mass gravitational-wave antennae , Physics Letters A 246 (1998) 485–497
12. VB Braginsky, F. Ya. Khalili, Low-noise rigidity in quantum measurements , Physics Letters A 257 (1999) 241–246
13. VB Braginsky, ML Gorodetsky, F. Ya. Khalili and KSThorne, Energetic quantum limit in large-scale interferometers , proceedings of Third Edoardo Amaldi Conference, ed. by Sydney Meshkov, 1999, 180-190
14. VB Braginsky, ML Gorodetsky, F. Ya. Khalili and KSThorne, Physical Review D, Dual-resonator speed meter for a free test mass , Physical Review D 61 (2000) 044002
15. VB Braginsky, ML Gorodetsky, F. Ya. Khalili, ABMatsko, KSThorne and SPVyatchanin, The noise in gravitational-wave detectors and other classical-force measurements is not influenced by test-mass quantization , Physical Review D, 67, 082001 (2003)
16. F. Khalili, S. Danilishin, H. Miao, HM¨ller-Ebhardt, H. Yang and Y. Chen, Preparing a mechanical oscillator in non-Gaussian quantum states , Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 070403 (2010)
17. Y. Chen, SL Danilishin, FYKhalili, H. Mueller-Ebhardt, `` QND measurements for future gravitational-wave detectors , General Relativity and Gravitation, 43, 671, (2011).
Notes
- ↑ The LIGO collaboration, which includes Russian scientists, announced the registration of gravitational waves . Date of appeal March 31, 2017.
- ↑ Scientists have announced the beginning of a new era in astronomy (Rus.) , Popmech.ru . Date of appeal March 31, 2017.
- ↑ Vladimir B. Braginskii, Igor Antonovich Bilenko, Sergei P. Vyatchanin, ML Gorodetskii, Valerii Pavlovich Mitrofanov. Background to the discovery of gravitational waves // Physics-Uspekhi. - 2016-09-01. - T. 59 , no. 9 . - ISSN 1063-7869 .
- ↑ Stefan L. Danilishin, Farid Ya Khalili. Quantum Measurement Theory in Gravitational-Wave Detectors // Living Reviews in Relativity. - 2012-12-01. - T. 15 , no. 1 . - ISSN 1433-8351 . - DOI : 10.12942 / lrr-2012-5 . ISSN 2367-3613
- ↑ Alexey G. Gurkovsky, Daniel Heinert, Stefan Hild, Ronny Nawrodt, Kentaro Somiya. Reducing thermal noise in future gravitational wave detectors by employing Khalili etalons (Eng.) // Physics Letters A. - 2011-07-21. - Vol. 375 , iss. 46 . - P. 4147-4157 . - DOI : 10.1016 / j.physleta.2011.07.063 .
- ↑ Russian physicists became winners of the Breakthrough Prize scientific prize (rus.) , RIA Novosti . Date of appeal March 31, 2017.
- ↑ Corpus expertov . www.expertcorps.com. Date of appeal March 31, 2017.
- ↑ Khalili Farit Yavdatovich - user, employee | TRUE - The Intelligent System of Thematic Research of Scientometric Data . istina.msu.ru. Date of appeal March 31, 2017.
- ↑ Farit Ya. Khalili - Publications . ResearchGate. Date of appeal March 31, 2017.