Pyotr Vasilyevich Oransky ( February 20 ( March 5 ) 1899 - July 22, 1960 ) - Soviet architect , author of design and development of the social city Uralmash , one of the authors of the plan for Greater Sverdlovsk, chief architect of Sverdlovsk ( 1944 - 1952 ) [1] .
| Pyotr Vasilyevich Oransky | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
| Basic information | ||
| A country |  Russian empire  the USSR | |
| Date of Birth | February 20, 1899 | |
| Place of Birth | Vystavka village, Novotorzhsky district of the Tver province , Russian Empire | |
| Date of death | July 22, 1960 (61 years old) | |
| Place of death | Sverdlovsk , RSFSR , USSR | |
| Work and Achievements | ||
| Study | VKHUTEIN (1919-1927) | |
| Worked in the cities | Leningrad , Oranienbaum , Sverdlovsk | |
| Architectural style | constructivism | |
| The most important buildings | Area of ββthe 1st Five-Year Plan , stadium Uralmash | |
| Town-planning projects | social city Uralmash , project "Big Sverdlovsk" | |
| Awards |
| |
Content
Biography
The early years
Pyotr Vasilyevich Oransky was born on February 20 ( March 5 ), 1899 in the village of Exhibition (now the village of Glorious ) of the Novotorzhye district of the Tver province in the family of a drawing teacher [1] . In 1919 he entered the Higher Artistic and Technical Institute (VKHUTEIN) in Petrograd [2] . At the same time, he worked as an assistant architect at the Red Triangle factory ( 1922 - 1924 ), was engaged in the construction of a railway and civil buildings in Oranienbaum ( 1924 - 1926 ), and participated in the construction of the Blokhin tram park in Leningrad [2] .
Work in Sverdlovsk
In 1927, Oransky graduated from the institute and the next year arrived in Sverdlovsk to participate in the large-scale construction of the social city of Uralmash [2] . Having become the head of the civil engineering design department of Uralmashstroy, the architect in 1929 draws up a master plan for the residential development of the district. The whole social town of Oransky planned to be built up in a single ensemble of constructivism [3] . According to the ideas of Pyotr Vasilyevich, the main part of the district was the factory square named after The First Five-Year Plan , from which three streets departed with rays: Ilyich , Stalin and Culture [2] . While working on the construction of the social city Uralmash, Oransky developed and erected many structures: a club of engineering and technical workers with 700 seats ( 1934 ), ten-year school buildings ( 1935 ) and seven-year schools ( 1932 ), Uralmashzavod club ( 1937 ), and a stadium 12 thousand spectators (1934), the cinema building ( 1933 ), the plant management building UZTM ( 1931 ), the recreation park UZTM (1935), etc. [4] .
In 1934β35, he participated in the preparation of the plan for Greater Sverdlovsk together with the architect Sigismund Dombrowski [4] .
From 1944 to 1952, Peter Vasilievich Oransky held the position of chief architect of Sverdlovsk [1] [2] [4] . During his work in this position, the architect revised the outdated plan for the development of the city, defining compactness and the unification of individual parts of the city as the development goal [2] .
In addition to architectural activities, Oransky taught design and urban planning at the Sverdlovsk Architectural and Construction College, at the Institute of Public Utilities. In 1952, he was appointed assistant professor of architecture at the Ural Polytechnic Institute [2] .
He was awarded the medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" [4] .
He died on July 22, 1960 in Sverdlovsk [1] . He was buried in the Lutheran-Catholic cemetery [5] . After the closure of this cemetery, Oranskyβs burial was transferred to Mikhailovsky cemetery .
See also
- Uralmash (Yekaterinburg)
- Uralmash (stadium)
- The area of ββthe 1st Five-Year Plan
Notes
- β 1 2 3 4 Natalya Ilyubaeva. People of the city: Peter Oransky - architect, author of many objects of the social city Uralmash . https://www.ekburg.ru . Information portal of Yekaterinburg (September 26, 2014). Date of treatment March 27, 2017.
- β 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Egorkina M. I. Role of the architect P.V. Oransky in the development of Sverdlovsk // Scope of architecture: Electronic Scientific Journal. - 2015. - No. 1 .
- β Starikov A.A. Yekaterinburg: the legacy of constructivism / hands. project Shtubova E.V .. - Yekaterinburg, 2009. - 250 p.
- β 1 2 3 4 Ural Historical Encyclopedia Β»ΠΒ» Oransky Petr Vasilievich . http://www.ural.ru . Ural.ru: Portal of useful information. Date of treatment March 30, 2017.
- β Information on German-Lutheran roots in Yekaterinburg // Lutheran Church of Yekaterinburg: of. site.
Literature
- Ageev Sergey. The main square of Uralmash // For heavy engineering. - 2008. - Issue. August 26 - September 8 . - S. 6 .
- Anfimov V.N. Area of ββthe First Five-Year Plan // History of the construction of Uralmash. - Sverdlovsk: Uralmashzavod, 1968 .-- 117 p.
- Egorkina M.I. Role of the architect P.V. Oransky in the development of the city of Sverdlovsk // Scope of architecture: Electronic Scientific Journal. - 2015. - No. 1 .
- The First Five-Year Plan Area // The Code of Historical and Cultural Monuments of the Sverdlovsk Region .. - Yekaterinburg, 2007. - T. 1. - P. 367β371.
- Tokmeninova L.I., Goloborodsky M., Sanok S. History of the general plan of Yekaterinburg 1723-2013. - Yekaterinburg: Tatlin Publishers, 2013 .-- 40 p. - 1,000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-00075-001-8 .
Links
- P.V. Oransky on the information portal of Yekaterinburg
- P.V. Oransky in the Ural Historical Encyclopedia
- P.V. Oransky at the Golden Gate of the Urals Russian cultural portal