Raubazy ( Karach.-Balk. Raubazy-Terek ) - a sacred tree in the pagan beliefs of the Balkars , before the advent of Islam . It grew in the Upper Balkaria near the village of Shaurdat [1] . It is believed that it was a wild pear [2] [3] [4] .
History
There are different opinions about the origin of the Raubaza tree cult :
- came from the ancient Huns-Sabirs who worshiped before Tengri (Teiri) in the form of a tree [5]
Description
This tree, like other sacred trees , was "endowed" with reason, soul, and feelings. Raubaza was asked for a good harvest , wealth , well-being of children, cure for diseases. Sacrifices were made to the tree and sacred and wedding ceremonies were performed around them [6] . His name was not spoken aloud, calling "Iman-Terek" ( Tree-faith Karach.-balk. ).
According to ideas, Raubazy could harm those who did not worship him. There was a saying about this, “May my protector be Raubazy, and may Allah be yours” ( Karach.-Bulk. “ Allah Seni Zhaninga Okuna Bolsun, Raubuzi Meni Zhanyma Bolsun Ansy” ) [7] .
According to eyewitnesses, the tree was branched and partially resembled a man with large arms spread out. Vertical there was a large scar. It was believed that Raubazy, splitting on this scar, released a monster into the wild [7] .
At the age of 1200 years [8] [9] was cut down in 1897 (according to other sources in 1905 [10] ) by Eneev Alim-effendi, in order to combat paganism [3] . But many superstitious people continued to worship the place where it grew and kept slivers of wood.
Notes
- ↑ USSR Academy of Sciences. Soviet ethnography, collection of articles . - Publishing House of the Academy, 1939-01-01. - 234 p.
- ↑ Akhmat Ibragimovich Musukaev. The world of wood in the Circassian culture: ethnocultural views of the people . - Publishing Center "El-Fa, 2001-01-01. - 324 p.
- ↑ 1 2 Caucasian collection . - Russian panorama, 2010-01-01. - 416 p.
- ↑ Makhti Chumaevich Dzhurtubaev. The ancient beliefs of the Balkars and Karachais: a brief outline . - "Elbrus", 1991-01-01. - 266 p.
- ↑ Miziev, Ismail Musaevich. The history of Balkaria and Karachai in the writings of Ismail Miziev: In 3 vols . - Nalchik: Publishing House M. and V. Kotlyarov, 2010-03-07. - 368 p. - ISBN 9785936803376 .
- ↑ Mukhtar Chukaevich Kudaev. Karachay-Balkar wedding ceremony . - Publishing house "Elbrus", 1988-01-01. - 136 p. - ISBN 9785768000011 .
- ↑ 1 2 Azamatov KG. Remnants of paganism in the beliefs of the Balkars // From the history of feudal Kabarda and Balkaria // Nalchik. - 1980.
- ↑ Georgy Medzhidovich Gogiberidze. Dialogue of cultures in the system of literary education . - Science, 2003-01-01. - 192 p.
- ↑ Leonid Ivanovich Lavrov. Selected works on the culture of Abazins, Circassians, Karachais, Balkars . - GP KBR "Printing Plant named after the Revolution of 1905", 2009-01-01. - 586 p. - ISBN 9785881959746 .
- ↑ Historical Bulletin . - GP KBR "Republican Printing Plant named after Revolution of 1905", 2005-01-01. - 924 s.