Francesco Filelfo ( Italian: Francesco Filelfo ; Lat. Franciscus Philelphus ; July 25, 1398 , Tolentino - July 31, 1481 , Florence ) - Italian Renaissance humanist .
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Content
Biography
Filelfo studied law and rhetoric at the University of Padua . After university, he led a wandering lifestyle, for some time he was in the service of the Venetian Republic , then at the court of the Duke of Milan, in the Roman Curia . Filelfo devoted most of his time to teaching at various Italian universities. In 1420, he accompanied the Venetian envoy to Constantinople . In Constantinople, Filelfo engaged in the study of Greek . In 1423, he met with the King of Greece, the future Emperor of the Byzantine Empire, John VIII Palaeologist in Buda , and later spent several months at the court of Sigismund I of Luxembourg . In February 1424, he accompanied Sigismund I on a trip to Krakow for the wedding of the Polish king, where he delivered humanistic speeches.
In 1427, Filelfo returned to Venice. In his luggage, he had many ancient Greek manuscripts. Filelfo worked as a teacher at the University of Bologna . Subsequently, he received from Lorenzo di Medici the post of head of the department for the study of " Divine Comedy " Dante . Since Lorenzo di Medici didn’t like Filelfo’s interpretation of “The Divine Comedy,” he had certain problems. In 1433, he survived an unsuccessful attempt on himself, after which he left the city, and Lorenzo forbade him to visit Florence for the rest of his life.
Filelfo continued his teaching career, first at Siena and then again at the University of Bologna. Thanks to the mediation, Francesco Sforza was invited to the University of Padua. In 1450, he organized the Sforziada festival to mark the entry of the Duke to Milan. In 1453 he received in Rome the crown of the "poet laureate." After being elected pope, Alfonso Borgia , who chose the papal name Calixtus III , Filelfo became his secretary. In parallel, he taught at the papal university. Subsequently, Lorenzo di Medici decided to lift the ban for Filelfo to visit Florence and invited him to head the department of the Greek language, so Filellfo again ended up in Florence, where he soon died (1481).
Filelfo was the author of poems, epigrams, letters and speeches in Latin and Italian, his authorship also belongs to the biography of Francesco Petrarch .
One of the students of Filelfo was a German humanist, rector of the University of Heidelberg, Peter Anton von Clapis (d. 1512)
Edition of works
- "Orationes et opuscula." Johann Amerbach, Basel, bl. 1498
- Diana Robin: "Filelfo in Milan. Writings 1451-1477." Princeton University Press, Princeton (NJ) 1991, ISBN 0-691-03185-1
- Diana Robin: "Francesco Filelfo: Odes." Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Massachusetts) 2009, ISBN 978-0-674-03563-8 (Latin text and English translation)
- Jeroen De Keyser, Scott Blanchard: "Francesco Filelfo: On Exile." Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Massachusetts) 2013, ISBN 978-0-674-06636-6 (Latin text and English translation of "Commentationes Florentinae de exilio")
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 AA.VV. Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - 1960.
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
Literature
- "Francesco Filelfo nel quinto centenario della morte. Atti del XVII Convegno di studi maceratesi (Tolentino, 27-30 settembre 1981)" (= "Medioevo e umanesimo" 58). Antenore, Padova 1986
- Vito R. Giustiniani: "Francesco Filelfo." In: " Lexikon des Mittelalters ", Band 4, Artemis, Munich / Zurich 1989, Sp. 444f.