Carinthian dialect group

The composition of the Carinthian dialect group includes the following dialects and dialect groups ^{[1] [2] [5]} :

• Zilsky dialect ( ziljsko narečje ):
  • Kranjskogorsk dialects ( kranjskogorsko podnarečje );
• Rozhansky dialect ( rožansko narečje );
• Obir dialect ( obirsko narečje );
• Podjun dialect ( podjunsko narečje );
• Mezhitsky dialect ( mežiško narečje );
• Northern Pokhorsky-Remshnik dialect ( severnopohorsko-remšniško narečje ).

The range of the Carinthian dialects is located in the mountainous regions of the Alps in the Canal, Ziel and Drava valleys in the historical region of Carinthia . This area covers the border areas of three countries - Austria , Slovenia and Italy ^[10] . In Austria, on the territory of the southeastern part of the federal state of Carinthia , the areas of Zil, Rogan, Podjun and Obir dialects are located. Also in Austria, in the southern regions of the Styrian federal state, there is an insignificant part of the range of the North Pokhorsky-Remshnik dialect. Most of the distribution area of ​​the North Pokhorsky-Remshnik dialect is located south of the Austrian-Slovenian border in Northern Slovenia. In addition, in the territory of Northern Slovenia, the areas of Mezhitsa dialect and Kranjskogorsk dialects are located. In the northeastern regions of the Friuli – Venezia Giulia region of Italy, the southern part of the range of the Ziel dialect is located ^{[1] [2]} .

From the north, the area of ​​distribution of the Carinthian dialects is adjoined by the area of ​​the South Bobar dialect of the German language , and from the west is the area of ​​the Friulian language . In the southwest, the Carinthian range is bordered by the range of Slovenian coastal dialects , in the south - the range of Gorenian dialects , in the southeast - the range of Styrian dialects ^{[1] [2]} .

The main phonetic features of the Carinthian dialects ^[5] :

1. Transition of nasal vowels * ę and * ǫ to vowels e and o . The exception is part of the dialect dialect dialects in which the nasal survives: pą̈t “five” ( letter. Slovenian. Pet ).
2. The presence of the vowel e in the place of the reduced * b and * b in a strong position and the vowel ə in a weak position in the infinite syllable: * dn > dên "day"; * mьglā > mə̀gu̯a "fog".
3. The development of diphthongs i͡ə , i͡e in the place of the ancient * ě : ši͡əst "six" (lit. Sloven . Šest ).
4. The development of the uvular consonant ʁ in place of the alveolar r .
5. Transition ł > u̯ / w and hardening l ' > l : vóle "will" (lit. Slovenian volja ).
6. Secondary palatalization of the posterolinguistic before e , i - k > č , g > j , x > š in terms of dialects: rojî “horns” (literary. Slovenian. Rogi ).
7. The wider than in the literary language , the distribution of the ancient groups tl , dl in the dialects of the Zil dialect: krídlo / krídu̯o “wing” (literary. Sloven . Krilo ).

Among the morphological features of the Carinthian dialects are noted ^[5] :

1. The presence of the -red component in the numerals from forty to ninety: štiriredi “forty”.
2. Generalization of inflections of nouns of the middle and feminine gender in inflections of the feminine gender.