World Ring Road Championship

The championship was first organized in 1949 by the International Federation of Motorcycle Sports ( Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme, FIM ) and consisted of four classes: 500 cm³, 350 cm³, 250 cm³ and 125 cm³. In the 1950s, Italian manufacturers dominated the championship, and in particular MV Agusta , who won titles in the 500 cm³ class from 1958 to 1974. Along with this, the prestige and popularity of the championship around the world also grew, which, however, affected the growth of team expenses. As a result, FIM adopted a rule that linked the number of cylinders for engines to a certain class: one cylinder for an engine 50 cm³, two for 125 cm³ and 250 cm³ and four for 350 cm³ and 500 cm³.

In the 1970s, European and Japanese manufacturers began to win, MV Agusta did not hold the title in the “royal” 500 cm³ class. In 1980, the class of 350 cm³ was abolished, and by 1990 only three classes remained in the championship: 500 cm³, 250 cm³ and 125 cm³. At this time, in the upper class of the championship, the era of dominance of Japanese manufacturers and American pilots sets in, the late nineties became the golden era of Honda.

The 2002 season is marked by the change of 500 cm³ class to 990 cm³, the name of the championship and its top class also changes to MotoGP. In 2007, for safety reasons, FIM decided to reduce the volume of MotoGP class engines to 800cm³, and a limit was also introduced on the number of tires used for a racing weekend. 2010 is the last year for the existence of a 250 cm³ class - it is replaced by Moto2 with 600 cc engines from a single Honda supplier. Moto2 also unifies some motorcycle components in order to reduce costs ^[1] . The 800cm³ class stayed in the championship for five years and in 2012 was expanded to 1000 cm³ ^{[2] [3]} .

Technical Regulations

The world motorcycle racing championship is divided into three classes - Moto3, Moto2, MotoGP. Until 2002, the highest class was 500 cm³, but due to the fact that it used 2-stroke engines and motorcycles of a similar design were not used anywhere else, it was decided to replace it with the MotoGP class, which uses 4-stroke engines up to 990 cm³. From 2007 to 2011 (due to the danger of their speeds), their volume was reduced to 800 cm³, after which in 2012 they returned to the "liter" sport prototypes. Unlike Superbike class motorbikes, a homologation lot is not required, prototype motorbikes can be built in at least a single number (but usually each bike exists in two ready-made copies - one spare in case of replacement of irreparable damage to the main instance; also, a replacement motorcycle is used to replace if the track is so dry that it is necessary to switch to a slick). The minimum weight of MotoGP motorcycles varies from 137 to 163 kg, depending on the number of cylinders, but most prefer a 4-cylinder scheme, which has a dry weight limit of 148 kg (since 2007).

MotoGP class

The MotoGP class uses motorcycles with an engine capacity of 1000 cm³.

Moto2 class

Moto2 is a four-stroke class that uses 600 cm³ motors. It was introduced in 2010, replacing the traditional two-stroke class with an engine capacity of 250 cm³.

Moto3 class

In 2012, the 125 cm³ class was replaced by the Moto3 class. This is limited by single-cylinder 250 cm³ four-stroke engines with a maximum cylinder diameter of 81 mm (3.2 inches). The minimum total weight of the motorcycle and rider is 148 kg (326 pounds). A rider in the Moto3 class cannot be older than 28 years old or 25 for beginners participating for the first time and unknown people (admission at the discretion of the organizers).

Racing Rules

The start of the race is carried out from the place. The distance varies by classes: Moto3 - 100 km, Moto2 - 110 km, Moto GP - 120 km.

Points are awarded according to the usual system for ring motor racing:

In the offset of the brands is the best result for the brands.

The 2014 season was held in 14 countries and consisted of 18 races.

•   Qatar , Losal Circuit
•   USA , Route of the Americas
•   Argentina , Termas de Rio Ondo
•   Spain , Jerez
•   France , Bugatti
•   Italy , Mugello
•   Spain , Barcelona-Catalunya
•   Netherlands , Assen
•   Germany , Sachsenring
•   United States , Indianapolis Motor Speedway
•   Czech Republic , Masaryk Track
•   Great Britain , Silverstone
•   San Marino , Misano Circuit
•   Spain , Motorland Aragon
•   Malaysia , Sepang
•   Australia , Phillip Island
•   Japan , Twin Ring Motegi
•   Spain , Ricardo Tormo Track

Champions of the 2006 season :

• Nicky Hayden , USA (MotoGP Class),
• Jorge Lorenzo , Spain (class 250 cm³),
• Alvaro Bautista , Spain (class 125 cm³)

Champions of the 2007 season :

• Casey Stoner , Australia (MotoGP Class, Ducati Team, Italy ),
• Jorge Lorenzo , Spain (class 250 cm³, team Aprilia , Italy),
• Gabor Talmashi , Hungary (class 125 cm³, team Aprilia, Italy)

Champions of the 2008 season :

• Valentino Rossi , Italy (MotoGP class, Yamaha team, Japan ),
• Marco Simoncelli , Italy (class 250 cm³, team Gilera , Italy),
• Mike Di Mello , France (class 125 cm³, team Derbi , Spain)

Champions of the 2009 season :

• Valentino Rossi , Italy (MotoGP class, Yamaha team, Japan),
• Hiroshi Aoyama , Japan (250 cm³ class, Honda team, Japan),
• Julian Simon , Spain (class 125 cm³, team Aprilia, Italy)

Champions of the 2010 season :

• Jorge Lorenzo , Spain (MotoGP Class, Fiat / Yamaha),
• Tony Elias , Spain (Moto2 class),
• Marc Marquez , Spain (class 125cc)

Champions of the 2011 season :

• Casey Stoner , Australia (MotoGP Class, Repsol Honda Team, Japan),
• Stefan Bradl , Germany , (Moto2 class),
• Nico Terol , Spain (class 125cc)

Champions of the 2012 season :

• Jorge Lorenzo , Spain (MotoGP class),
• Marc Marquez , Spain (Moto2 class),
• Sandro Cortese, Germany (Moto3 class)

Champions of the 2013 season :

• Marc Marquez , Spain (MotoGP class, Repsol Honda team, Japan),
• Paul Espargaro, Spain (Moto2 class),
• Maverick Vinales, Spain (Moto3 class)

Champions of the 2014 season :

• Marc Marquez Spain (MotoGP class, Repsol Honda team, Japan),
• Esteve Rabat, Spain (Moto2 class, Kalex team, Germany ),
• Alex Marquez , Spain (Moto3 class, Honda team, Japan).

Champions of the 2015 season :

• Jorge Lorenzo , Spain (MotoGP Class, Yamaha Team, Japan),
• Johan Zarco, France (Moto2 class, Kalex team, Germany ),
• Danny Kent, UK (Moto3 class, Honda team, Japan).

• 34 - Kevin Schwanz (for merit)
• 48 - Shoya Tomizawa (posthumous, 2010)
• 58 - Marco Simoncelli (posthumous, 2011)
• 65 - Loris Capirossi (for merit)
• 74 - Daijiro Kato (posthumous, 2003)
• 69 - Nicky Hayden (posthumous, 2019)

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