Prince Alexander Fedorovich Shcherbatov (1773–1817) - Major General of the Russian Imperial Army , adjutant general of the Shcherbatov family.
| Alexander Fedorovich Shcherbatov | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of Alexander Fyodorovich Shcherbatov by George Doe . Military Gallery of the Winter Palace , State Hermitage Museum ( St. Petersburg ) | |
| Date of Birth | July 13, 1773 |
| Date of death | April 30, 1817 (43 years) |
| Place of death | |
| Affiliation |  Russian empire |
| Type of army | Cavalry |
| Years of service | 1788 - 1817 (with breaks) |
| Rank | major general adjutant general |
| Battles / Wars | |
| Awards and prizes | Order: St.Anna 1st century, |
Biography
Alexander Shcherbatov was born on July 13, 1773 in the princely family of General Fedor Fedorovich Shcherbatov (1729-1791) and Princess Anna Grigorievna Mescherskaya. The sole brother of the maid of honor is Darya Fyodorovna Shcherbatova (1762-1801), known for her history with Catherine II's favorite, Count A. M. Dmitriev-Mamonov and his wife in 1789 [3] .
Already in the four-year was recorded by a sergeant in the Life Guards Transfiguration Regiment . On January 1, 1788, he was appointed to serve as a copyist for state affairs, and on May 4 of the same year, he became a lieutenant general as a senior adjutant and two years later he was appointed Provisional Chief Ober Provider Master. February 10, 1792 Shcherbatov was promoted to the Kriegkommissary of lieutenant-colonial rank, and four years later with the rank of lieutenant colonel he was transferred to the army and enlisted in the Voronezh Musketeer Regiment. Soon afterwards he took part in the Persian campaign and in May 1796 was at the siege of Derbent. On September 16 of the same year, according to the presentation of Count V. Zubov, in reward for zealous and diligent service, S. is ordered to consider seniority in rank from the day he was appointed to the commissioner; thereafter he was transferred to the Cuirassier county of Saltykov regiment and on January 26, 1797 promoted to colonel [3] .
From 1798 he served in the Horse Guards regiment as adjutant to Konstantin Pavlovich , with whom he fought the Italian and Swiss campaigns of Alexander Suvorov . For bravery in the battles of Ada , he was promoted to Major-General on May 7, 1799 and appointed to adjutant-general, but on March 25, 1800, he was dismissed " for beating the station superintendent and taking 12 horses instead of the six ."
After accession to the throne of Emperor Alexander I again entered the military service ( March 27, 1801 ) in the Life Guards Hussars of His Majesty's regiment . With him, in 1805, he fought and was wounded during the Austrian campaign and retired after returning to the limits of the Empire (1806).
Took part in the Patriotic War of 1812 and the foreign campaign of the Russian army [3] .
The last years of his life Shcherbatov, with the rank of stallmeister, was the director of the palace studs and the chairman of a horse-drawn expedition [3] .
Alexander Fedorovich Shcherbatov died on April 30, 1817 and was buried in the Donskoy Monastery [3] . The place of his grave can be determined quite accurately from the archival data of CIAM (fond 421), but it clearly does not coincide with the place where the unnamed headstone supposedly belonging to him, restored in 2012, is located.
Family
He was married to Princess Varvara Petrovna Obolenskaya (1774–1843), the daughter of Prince Peter Alekseevich Obolensky (1742–1822) and Princess Ekaterina Andreyevna Vyazemsky (1741–1811), the native aunt of Prince A. I. Vyazemsky . Their marriage was " perfect romanically and mysteriously ." The mother of Prince Shcherbatov opposed marriage and did not give maternal consent. Prince AI Vyazemsky, who was in love with them, secretly married in Moscow and went to Petersburg on the same day. The poet Vyazemsky recalled [4] :
| I remember how she, in a traveling dress, visited my father to say goodbye to him and, probably, to thank him for his diligent and successful participation, I remember how her beauty and peculiarity of clothes struck me; I see now the dress of dark green cashmere, like the Amazon. On the head is a hat, more round, masculine than feminine. Blonde curls fell from under the hat. My childhood guessed that there was some kind of romance secret in all this. After many years, the old woman princess Shcherbatova forgave her son and took over her daughter-in-law. |
Widowed, Varvara Petrovna retired from the light and led a modest village life. According to her son-in-law, Sverbeeva, was, in the “ full sense of the word, an honest, direct and noble woman .” She was buried with her husband in the Donskoy Monastery.
In marriage, had children:
- Sofya Alexandrovna (1800–18.07.1824), married to Peter Alexandrovich Obreskov, died of consumption.
- Fyodor Aleksandrovich (1802–1827), was brought up at the Moscow educational institution for column leaders, in 1819 began serving in the retinue in the quartermaster unit, in 1820 he was adjutant FP Uvarova ; in 1823 promoted to lieutenant. After the death of Uvarova transferred to the front, soon went abroad for treatment, in 1826 he lived in Paris. He knew about the existence of secret societies, but he was not involved in the investigation of the Decembrists' case. At the end of 1827, he was dismissed by the staff captain.
- Ekaterina Alexandrovna (04/09/1880-1892), god-daughter of Fyodor and sister Sophia [5] , inherited from her mother's beautiful appearance, married in 1827 to D. N. Sverbeev . The mistress of the famous literary salon in Moscow, a close friend of P. Ya. Chaadaev and N. Gogol.
- Petr Aleksandrovich (1811–?), Tula landowner, cornet of the Mitavsky hussar regiment. From 1832 he was married to the famous Moscow beauty Sofya Nikolaevna Gorstkina (1818-1858), a friend of A. I. Turgenev and Pushkin. Prince P. A. Vyazemsky, who devoted her poem “Faith and Sophia”, spoke of her as a woman “smart, cold and with character”.
- Anna Alexandrovna , married to the chamber-cadet, Tula leader of the nobility, Alexander Nikolaevich Elagin (died 1847). According to the contemporaries, he was “a kind, generous, albeit frivolous person who gave many people shelter in his home. It was a lively, educated, bright mind! ” [6] . He died of a strike and was buried in the Smolensk Orthodox cemetery in St. Petersburg.
Notes
- ↑ State Hermitage. Western European painting. Catalog / ed. V. F. Levinson-Lessing; ed. A. E. Krol , K. M. Semenova. - 2nd edition, revised and enlarged. - L .: Art, 1981. - T. 2. - p. 255, cat. No. 7902. - 360 p.
- ↑ Order of St. George of the 3rd class. shown by A. F. Shcherbatov in his service record, in the portrait of Dow's work and in the list of his awards on a tombstone. In the official lists of gentlemen of the Order of St. George, 3rd class. A.F. Scherbatov does not appear
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 I. Artamonov.,. Shcherbatov, Alexander Fedorovich // Russian biographical dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
- ↑ P. A. Vyazemsky. Moscow family of old life
- ↑ TsGIA SPb. f.19. op.111. d.150. with. 250. Metric books of the Church of Panteleimon .
- ↑ Diary of Elizabeth Ivanovna Popova. 1847-1852. - SPb .: Publication of the Tv Island “Ogni”, 1911. - p. 23.
Literature
- I. Artamonov.,. Shcherbatov, Alexander Fedorovich // Russian biographical dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
Links
- Dictionary of Russian generals, participants in hostilities against the army of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1812-1815. // Russian archive. History of the Fatherland in the certificates and documents of the XVIII — XX centuries. : Collection. - M .: studio " TRITE " N. Mikhalkov , 1996. - T. VII . - p . 622-623 . - ISSN 0869-20011 . (Comm. A. A. Podmaso )