Dmitry Alexandrovich Obleukhov (1790-1827) - translator, philosopher.
| Dmitry Alexandrovich Obleukhov | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | September 19, 1790 |
| Date of death | December 13, 1827 (37 years old) |
| Place of death | Moscow |
| A country |  Russian empire |
| Scientific field | philosophy , literature |
| Alma mater | Moscow University (1806) |
| Academic degree | Doctor of physico-mathematical sciences (1811) |
Biography
D. A. Obleukhov - from an old noble family - the son of a major general, the governor of Kaluga governor A. D. Obleukhov , after the resignation of which (1796) the family moved to Moscow. Having received an excellent home education, Dmitry Obleukhov entered the Noble boarding house , from where (in May 1805) he was promoted to student in a special order after an exam at the Council of Moscow University , earning attention and approval from the trustee M.N. Muravyov . The journal Friend of Enlightenment published (1805–1806) the first literary experiments of Obleukhov — translations from Virgil and Horace.
In view of Obleukhov’s brilliant abilities, Muravyov allowed him, after only six months of study at the university, to take an exam for the degree of candidate of literature, which was assigned to Obleukhov on (17.1.1806). At the suggestion of Muravyov, Obleukhov completed a translation from French of the fundamental training course of Abbot Charles Batteux “The Initial Rules of Literature” (published in 1806-1807 in 4 volumes with his own “additions” by Obleukhov devoted to the characterization of Russian writers); For this work Obleukhov was awarded (April 1807) a diamond ring from Emperor Alexander I and a master's degree in verbal sciences (11.27.1807). Perhaps Muravyov expected that Obleukhov would occupy one of the departments of Moscow University , but the early death of the trustee prevented the corresponding idea.
Obleukhov (1808-1812) became close friends with I. D. Yakushkin and P. Ya Chaadaev (with whom he discussed the works of I. Kant ) who studied at the university. He was enrolled (1810) as a clerk in the Office of the Trustee of Moscow University P.I. Golenishchev-Kutuzov (he did not appear often in the service). He passed the exams and prepared a thesis (1811) “On the main foundations of equilibrium and movement”, for which he was the first in the history of Moscow University to be awarded the degree of Doctor of Physics and Mathematics [1] [2] . He entered (1811) as a full member of the Moscow Society of Mathematicians founded by M.N. Muravyov, and was also elected a member of the Moscow Society of Russian History and Antiquities .
C 1816 Obleukhov left the service and lived in Moscow in his own house on Tverskaya, devoting leisure time to scientific studies (Chaadaev reproached him then: “And with your abilities and knowledge not to serve the fatherland!” - Obleukhov defended the primacy of man’s inner life over external , education of one’s own feelings over social successes). In the late 1810s - the 1st half of the 1820s. Obleukhov belonged to the closest circle of the Decembrists: among his friends were I. D. Yakushkin (lived in the house of Obleukhov), M. A. Fonvizin , M. I. Muravyov-Apostol ; one of the Decembrists, A.I. Cherkasov , was Obleukhov's brother-in-law . At the same time, having become a relative of A.P. Elagina through his wife, he had a great influence on the young I.V. Kireyevsky , who for the rest of his life kept the warmest feelings for him.
Attempted to publish a magazine (1823) “Shop. Journal of Religion, Literature, and Philosophy ”(not allowed by censorship). He was the first in Russia to translate (1826) from English by John Byron's poem "Manfred" (published in the journal "Moscow Herald" in 1828).
After the death of Obleukhov (1827), P. Ya. Chaadaev was engaged in the publication of his individual works.
Notes
- ↑ Annals - 1811 - June, 28
- ↑ In the dictionary of doctors L.F. Zmeev, it is probably mistakenly indicated as having received the degree of Doctor of Medicine (1811), although it is noted that Obleukhov’s name is not on the Medical List.
Literature
- A. Yu. Andreev. "Mystical" friend of Chaadayev: (Life and creative fate of D. A. Obleukhov) // Russian literature. - 1997. - No. 2 . - S. 103-123 .
- Chernov S. N. Four letters of the unknown to the Decembrist I. D. Yakushkin. - Saratov, 1927 .-- 200 copies.
- E. Kostikova. Dmitry Obleukhov // Persons. Biographical almanac. - 1993. - Vol. 2 . - S. 7-23 .
- Imperial Moscow University: 1755-1917: Encyclopedic Dictionary / authors of the project, compiled by A. Yu. Andreev, D. A. Tsygankov. - M .: Russian Political Encyclopedia (ROSSPEN), 2010 .-- S. 510. - 894 p. - 2,000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-8243-1429-8 .
- Dr. honey Zmeev Lev Fedorovich. A dictionary of doctors who received a doctorate in medicine (and surgery) from Imperial Moscow University until 1863. - St. Petersburg: Tip-lit. V.G. Apostolova, 1885. - S. 40, 63. - 67 p.