Shaposhnikov, Nikolay Nikolaevich

Born in the Moscow province, in the Ruza district, in the estate of his grandfather, retired court counselor Alexander A. Shaposhnikov, in a large family of famous mathematician N. A. Shaposhnikov . The younger brother is the academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, microbiologist V. N. Shaposhnikov .

He graduated from the 4th Moscow male gymnasium (1896, 47th graduation) and the law faculty of the Imperial Moscow University (1901).

After graduating from the university, he was left at the department to prepare for a professorship, since 1906 a privat-docent , was sent abroad by Moscow University, spent two and a half years (1906-1908) in Germany.

Upon his return, in 1910 he was elected assistant professor at the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute , but six months later he returned to Moscow, to the department of political economy of the Moscow Commercial Institute.

He was a member of the Council of the Society named after AI Chuprov for the development of social sciences .

Since 1913 - Master of Political Economy and Statistics. In 1917 - collegiate adviser .

In 1918-22 worked at Moscow University: until 1919 - Professor of the Department of Political Economy and Statistics, Faculty of Law, then Economics Department, in 1921-22. - Professor of the Department of Theory and Technology, Statistics and Economic Statistics of the Faculty of Social Sciences.

In the early 1920s. Worked in the All-Russian Committee on Hunger Support ( Pomgol ). On the night of August 26-27, 1921, he was arrested in the Pomgol case and imprisoned in Butyrka Prison, but was released on October 8 at the request of the Moscow Political Red Cross ^[1] .

From March 1, 1922 - Consultant of the Financial and Economic Bureau of the USSR People's Commissariat for Finance. In 1923-38 - Deputy Chairman of the Currency and Credit Section of the Economic Research Institute. From March 1, 1924 to June 1, 1928 - ND Kondratiev , deputy head of the conjunctural institute of the USSR People's Commissariat of Finance (the great Russian economist spoke of his deputy as follows: “ ... in the conjuncture institute a number of the most responsible duties ").

In 1924-30. He led the development of the economic part of the Dneprostroi project, in 1931-36. He worked as chief engineer of the Glavenergo of the USSR People's Commissariat of Industry, from July 7, 1937 at the Research Financial Institute (NFI).

Died in 1939; buried in the family grave at the 4th section of the old Novodevichy cemetery ^[2] .

Supporter of the psychological school and the mathematical direction in political economy. In the theory of value, he tried to combine the theory of production costs and the psychological theory of value. One of the first to pay attention to the formula of V. K. Dmitriev , which gave a way to express the total cost of labor per unit of production ^[3] .

In the pre-revolutionary years he published a number of works on political economy, including:

• "The theory of profit Böhm-Bawerk" (St. Petersburg, 1906),
• Thunen's teaching on natural wages. - Yaroslavl, 1909.
• "Theory of Value and Distribution: A Critical Study of the Latest Trends in Economic Theory" (Moscow, 1912),
• The first Russian economist and mathematician Vladimir Karpovich Dmitriev. - M., 1914.
• "Protectionism and free trade" (Pg., 1915; 2nd ed. - M.-L., 1924),
• "Capitalism" (Pg., 1917).

Works of the 1920s devoted to foreign trade, monetary policy, and financial conjuncture issues. Among them:

• "The customs policy of Russia before and after the revolution" (M.-L., 1924, "the work on the customs policy of Russia, containing valuable factual material "),
• "Dneprostroy and metal production" (Kharkiv, 1927) and others.

• Shaposhnikov Nikolai Nikolaevich (Neopr.) . Chronicle of Moscow University . The appeal date is November 1, 2017.