Margarita Buber-Neumann ( German: Margarete Buber-Neumann , nee Thuring ( Thüring ); October 21, 1901 , Potsdam - November 6, 1989 , Frankfurt am Main ) - German communist and publicist.
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Biography
Margarita was born in the family of the director of the Potsdam brewery Heinrich Thuring and his wife Elsa. The older sister of Margarita is the journalist Babette Gross . In school, Margarita took part in the Vanderfogel movement and became acquainted with socialist works. Having received a certificate of maturity , I learned to be a kindergarten teacher. At age 20, Margarita joined the Communist Youth League of Germany, and in 1926 - the Communist Party of Germany . In 1922, Margarita married Rafael Buber, the son of the Jewish philosopher Martin Buber . In 1925, the couple divorced, a divorce was issued in 1929. In this marriage, Margaret had two daughters, Barbara and Judit. Daughters lived with Margaret's mother-in-law, but she maintained close ties with them.
In 1928, Margarita Buber got a job at Inprecor , where she met Heinz Neumann , a member of the Politburo of the KKE and a deputy of the Reichstag . Close relations between Buber and Neumann developed in the summer of 1929. The coming of the National Socialists to power in Germany found them in Spain, and they moved to live in Switzerland in 1934. In 1935, Buber and Neumann were expelled from the country and moved to Moscow, where Neumann fell victim to great terror in 1937 and was executed. Buber, as a “socially dangerous element”, was sentenced to five years in the camps in 1938 and sent to Karaganda .
In 1940 she was deported to Germany, and in her homeland, as a communist, she was imprisoned in the Ravensbrück concentration camp. In the concentration camp, Margarita Buber met Kafka's friend Milena Yesenskaya , about whom she later wrote a book. At first, Buber worked as a secretary at the Siemens factory. From October 1942 to the spring of 1943, she served as the personal secretary of the main SS overseer, Johanna Langefeld. On April 21, 1945, Buber was freed, and she went to her mother in Tierstein .
After World War II, Buber took up journalism and, as a witness to what was happening, denounced dictatorships and crimes against humanity. The International Rescue Committee invited Buber to Sweden, where she met with Swedish banker Olof Aschberg . In 1949, Buber witnessed the Kravchenko trial .
Works
- Als Gefangene bei Stalin und Hitler. Eine Welt im Dunkel. Ullstein, München 2002 [1. Aufl. 1949, Verlag der Zwölf, München], ISBN 3-548-36332-6 .
- Die erloschene Flamme: Schicksale meiner Zeit. Ullstein, Berlin, Frankfurt am Main 1989 [1. Aufl. 1976], ISBN 3-548-33107-6 .
- Milena, Kafkas Freundin. Langen Müller, München 2000 [1. Aufl. 1963], ISBN 3-7844-1680-2 .
- Von Potsdam nach Moskau. Stationen eines Irrweges. Ullstein, München 2002 [1. Aufl. 1957, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt GmbH, Stuttgart], ISBN 3-548-36355-5 .
- Kriegsschauplätze der Weltrevolution. Ein Bericht aus der Praxis der Komintern 1919-1943. Seewald, Stuttgart 1967.
- “Freiheit, du bis wieder mein ...” Die Kraft zu überleben , Georg Müller Verlag, 1978.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 118516485 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ LIBRIS - 2013.
Literature
- Michaela Wunderle (Hrsg.): Apropos Margarete Buber-Neumann . Verlag Neue Kritik, Frankfurt am Main 2001, ISBN 3-8015-0357-7
Links
- Buber-Neumann, Margarita at the German National Library .
- Biography (German)
- Biography (German)