Krasnoyarsk fortification

Krasnoyarsk settlement - the settlement of the Golden Horde time is located at the confluence of the river. Buzan and r. Lighthouse on the Baer hillocks in the district center Krasny Yar of the Astrakhan region.

The hillfort is almost completely destroyed by modern residential buildings. The central part of the settlement was located on the Krasnoyarsk hill (the right bank of the Mayachnaya River). The necropolis of the ancient settlement (Mayachny I and Mayachny II soil burial grounds) is located on the Baer hillock north of Krasniy Yar, on the left bank of the Buzan River. The monument was already known in the XVIII century. Separate references to finds in Krasniy Yar are available in the literature of the 19th century. and the beginning of the XX century. In historiography, various points of view were expressed about the Golden Horde name of this settlement. The oldest dated coins in the burial ground date back to 1260, and the latest coins go back to the reign of Khan Uzbek. According to numismatic data, a settlement on the site of the Krasnoyarsk settlement existed from the second half of the XIII century. until the 1330s Materials of the 1340s on the hillfort are absent. In the 1350s (or 1360s). life on the site is renewed and coins are in circulation until the end of the 14th century. At the beginning of the XXI century. The point of view on localization on the site of the Krasnoyarsk fortification - the city of Saray, the first capital of the Golden Horde, founded in the 13th century (the work of A.V. Pachkalov), and in the 1330s, was transferred to the site of the Selitrenny settlement (Saray al-Jedid) / New Barn). Also, the Krasnoyarsk fortification is identified with the city of Kandak, which is marked on medieval Western European maps in the Volga delta ^{[1] [2] [3]} .