Vasily Dmitrievich Bogushevsky (April 22, 1791 [1] - after March 25, 1868 [2] ) - Russian military commander, cavalry general , hero of the Napoleonic and Russian-Turkish wars, cavalier of the Order of St. George 4th degree, memoirist.
| Vasily Dmitrievich Bogushevsky | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date of Birth | April 22, 1791 | |||||||||||
| Place of Birth | with. Petrovo Dukhovschinsky County Smolensk province | |||||||||||
| Date of death | after March 25, 1868 | |||||||||||
| Affiliation |  Russian empire | |||||||||||
| Type of army | cavalry | |||||||||||
| Years of service | 1806-1861 | |||||||||||
| Rank | cavalry general | |||||||||||
| Commanded | Hussar Field Marshal Prince Wittgenstein Regiment | |||||||||||
| Battles / wars | War of the fourth coalition Patriotic War of 1812 War of the sixth coalition Russian-Turkish war (1828-1829) The suppression of the Polish uprising (1831) Crimean War | |||||||||||
| Awards and prizes |
Foreign:
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Biography
From the Smolensk branch of a poor kind of pillar noblemen Bogushevsky . [3] Born on April 22, 1791 in the village of Petrovo, Dukhovschinsky district (now part of the Yartsevo district ) of the Smolensk province.
Together with his brother Alexei, in 1803 he entered military service in the Kargopol dragoon regiment , where their older brother Peter was already serving as an officer, and was enrolled in the Kaluga Cadet Corps. March 1, 1806 left the corps [4] with the rank of ensign in the same Kargopol dragoon regiment. Appointed to the 1st platoon of the 1st squadron of the regiment. [five]
A participant in the war of the Fourth Coalition of 1806-1807. He was in business on December 12 at Naselsk, 14 at Pultusk, where he participated both in the famous attack of Leib-cuirassier Kozhin and in the final attack of the Russian heavy cavalry against the French infantry that got stuck in the mud. [6] On December 25, under Guttshtat, he participated in a squadron to repel 7 French cannons from the Chernihiv infantry regiment, and he was nearly killed. [7] Under Preisisch-Eylau with a regiment in the battles of January 25 and 27. He also participated in the battles of Heilsberg and Friedland.
In 1809, together with Karl Stahl, he was from a regiment on a business trip at Strelna Manor "to recognize the order of service." [eight]
A participant in the Patriotic War of 1812, for which he was promoted to lieutenant of the Kargopol Dragoon Regiment [9] and was awarded the Order of St. Anne of the 4th degree. It was Bogushevsky’s platoon that captured 4 French guns during the attack of the 1st division’s regiment on the French artillery battery under Red - this episode of the Patriotic War subsequently served as the plot for the painting by the artist Samokish, “Attack of the Kargopol dragoon regiment on the French artillery battery under Red”. The next day, commanded the seizure of one of the French cash drawers.
He took part with the regiment in the war of the Sixth Coalition , was in affairs at Katzbach, [10] Dresden, Leipzig, Fer-Champenoise and Paris.
In 1828 - Major, commander of the 7th squadron of the Orenburg Uhlan Regiment . [eleven]
On December 25, 1833, with the rank of lieutenant colonel, he was awarded the Order of St. George 4th degree for his 25 years of service in officer ranks. [12]
In 1837 - Colonel, commander of the hussar field marshal Prince Wittgenstein regiment . [13]
Since June 25, 1845 - Major General for the cavalry. For participating in the suppression of the Hungarian revolution of 1848-1849. awarded the Order of St. Anne of the 1st degree, and the emperor of Austria-Hungary made Bogushevsky commander of the Austrian Order of Leopold.
In the Eastern War he commanded a defensive detachment of the Danube Army with a force of 8 squadrons, consisting of the Ascension and Olviopolsky Uhlans regiments of his own 1st brigade of the 4th light cavalry division of Count Nirod with 8 guns, near Kalaras . [14] In 1855 he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir of the 2nd degree.
On February 20, 1856, he was appointed cavalry lieutenant general and was appointed to be at the disposal of the commander in chief of the Southern Army and the troops located in Crimea.
By the highest order in 1861 he was promoted to general from the cavalry. In the lists to the generals for 1862 is no longer listed.
He was married from November 12, 1822 until the death of his wife, which followed March 13, 1868. [15] At least two sons of Bogushevsky are known by name, Vasily [16] and Boris [17] [18]
Notes by General V.D. Bogushevsky
He left his memoirs, “Notes of General V. D. Bogushevsky,” containing, in particular, valuable information about the actions of the Russian cavalry in the Patriotic War of 1812. The compilation of memoirs was interrupted by the death of the wife of Bogushevsky, which followed on March 13, 1868. The general himself wrote about this on March 25 at the end of the manuscript. The text itself is a draft on 180 quarter sheets of paper, handed over by one of the descendants of the author to one of the compilers of the collection “Voronezh Nobility in the Patriotic War” 44 years after they were written. [19] The memoirs were published in a thirty-page collection, preserving the style, spelling and punctuation of the draft - and contain a number of interesting historical jokes about key events in the history of the Patriotic War and Foreign Campaigns, as well as about many more or less well-known participants in those events: from Alexander I, Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich, Barclay de Tolly and Ermolov to ordinary soldiers. In addition, the notes contain well-defined essays on military life and customs of that era. [20]
Rewards
- Order of St. Anne of the 4th degree (1812)
- Badge of honor for military dignity of the 3rd degree (1831)
- Order of St. Anne of the 2nd degree (1832)
- Imperial crown for the Order of St. Anne of the 2nd degree (1832)
- Order of St. George 4th degree for 25 years of service in officer ranks (1833)
- At a time 1200 rubles (1834)
- Order of St. Stanislav 2nd degree (1835)
- Prussian Order of the Red Eagle 3rd degree (1835)
- At the same time 1500 rubles (1835)
- 3000 acres of land (1837)
- Badge of the Immaculate Service for XXX years (1841)
- Order of St. Vladimir 3rd degree (1846)
- Order of St. Stanislav 1st degree (1847)
- Order of St. Anne 1st Class (1849)
- Commander of the Austrian Order of Leopold (1850)
- Imperial crown to the Order of St. Anne 1st degree (1851)
- Badge of the Immaculate Service for XLV years (1853)
- Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd degree (1855)
Notes
- ↑ according to Bogushevsky’s own information. Bogushevsky V. D. Notes of General V. D. Bogushevsky. // Voronezh nobility in World War II. M., 1912.S. 221.
- ↑ according to Bogushevsky’s own information. Bogushevsky V. D. Notes of General V. D. Bogushevsky. // Voronezh nobility in World War II. M., 1912.S. 250.
- ↑ Bogushevsky V. D. Notes of General V. D. Bogushevsky. // Voronezh nobility in World War II. M., 1912.S. 222.
- ↑ List of generalities by seniority. - [St. Petersburg: Military. typ., 1809-1916]. - 14-20 cm. On Jan 1. [1856]: Fixed on January 7th. - 1856. - [2], XXIV, 676 p. : tab. - S. 273.
- ↑ See the memoirs of Bogushevsky, S. 223.
- ↑ many French foot soldiers were crushed and drowned here by horses.
- ↑ The attack had to be completed on foot, 3 bullets hit the horse of Bogushevsky, his cartridge pouch was torn off by buckshot, but the guns were repulsed and returned to the Chernigov regiment. For this battle, the commander of the 1st squadron, Captain Schönne, was awarded the Annensky weapon - and Bogushevsky in his memoirs claims that the Annensky sword was a rarity at that time and was handed out to the hero in finished form from the convoy of the commander in chief.
- ↑ With this moment in the life of Bogushevsky there is an episode about the introduction of saddle-mounted overcoats in the Russian cavalry. In his own words, the training under the supervision of the inspector general of the entire cavalry of the heir-crown prince Konstantin Pavlovich helped him a lot in his further service.
- ↑ Archived copy (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment March 3, 2017. Archived March 3, 2017.
- ↑ according to Bogushevsky’s description, the battle of Katzbach was won by the will of Vasilchikov, forgotten with his hussar division by the rear command of the French, but who did not want to remain idle.
- ↑ List of generals, headquarters and chief officers of the entire Russian army, with an indication of ranks, last names and insignia - Russian National Library - Vivaldi
- ↑ No. 4825
- ↑ 4th Hussar Mariupol Empress Elizabeth Petrovna regiment. - L. Shishkov | MILITARY FAT
- ↑ Bogdanovich M.I. The Eastern War of 1853-1856 - T. 1. Appendices, S. 6. Zayonchkovsky A. M. The Eastern War of 1853-1856. T. 2, ch. 7. - http://adjudant.ru/crimea/zai2-07.htm
- ↑ Postscript memoirs
- ↑ Colonel, owner of the Bogushevka folk farm - modern Bogushevsk
- ↑ In 1858, he was released from the School of Guards Sub-Warrant Officers and Cavalry Junkers in the Life Guard Uhlan Regiment. Dismissed from service as lieutenant in 1861.
- ↑ In 1894 - active state councilor , dismissed from service in 1904.
- ↑ It is interesting to note that during the Patriotic War the Bogushevskys belonged to the Smolensk nobility, and Vasily Dmitrievich became one of the largest landowners in the Voronezh province only after a quarter of a century - having received from Nikolai I 3 thousand acres of land as a gift for an excellent presentation of the regimental field marshal Prince Wittgenstein entrusted to him at the cavalry show of 1837.
- ↑ Bogushevsky V. D. Notes of General V. D. Bogushevsky. // Voronezh nobility in World War II. M., 1912.
Literature
- Volkov S.V. Generality of the Russian Empire. Encyclopedic dictionary of generals and admirals from Peter I to Nicholas II. - T. II. L — I. - M .: Centerpolygraph, 2009, - ISBN 978-5-9524-4167-5
- List to generality by seniority. - St. Petersburg: Military. typ., 1809-1916 .
- A list of senior colonels. - SPb., 1844. - S. 69.
- List to the generals by seniority. - SPb., 1856. - S. 200.
- Bogushevsky V. D. Notes of General V. D. Bogushevsky. // Voronezh nobility in World War II. M., 1912. Ss. 221-251.
- Zayonchkovsky A.M. The Eastern War of 1853-1856