Triboelectric effect

The triboelectric effect is the appearance of electric charges in a material due to friction . It is a type of contact electrification in which some materials become electrically charged after they come into frictional contact with another material. Early experiments with electricity of the antiquity , such as the experiments of Thales with amber sticks, were associated with the triboelectric effect ^[1] , the word " electricity " was formed in connection with these experiments from the Greek name for amber ( dr. Greek ἤλεκτρον : electron )

It is customary to arrange materials exhibiting a triboelectric effect in a triboelectric series , one end of which is positive and the other negative. When rubbing a pair of materials from a row, the material located closer to the positive end of the row will charge positively, and the other negatively. The first triboelectric series was published by I. Wilke in 1757.

Usually positively charged materials with a higher dielectric constant (the so-called Cohen rule ). A comprehensive theory of electrification has not yet been constructed ^[2] , as a rule Cohen and the triboelectric series themselves are empirical laws : there are many different series ^[3] , and even the relative position in the series does not always describe the process. For example, a triboelectric ring is known: in a silk-glass pair, glass is negatively charged, in a glass-zinc pair, zinc is negatively charged, in a zinc-silk pair, silk is negatively charged, thereby there is no ordering at all.