Digital diaspora ( English Digital diaspora ) (“virtual diaspora” or “e-diaspora”) is an electronic community of migrants, the interaction and communication of which is carried out using (and on platforms) information and communication technologies (“new” technologies) [1 ] [2] .
Although the emergence of digital diasporas is associated with increased access to online public content and active use of mobile technologies [3] , it should be noted that especially with the emergence and rapid growth of social networking platforms in the past few years, communication within diasporas has taken a slightly different form. The Internet with social networking platforms has begun to play a key role, functioning as a “meeting place” in the daily life of migrants [1] , representing a developing public sphere for diasporas. In connection with this, the number of works in which the relationship between such concepts as “diaspora”, “technology” and “migration” has been studied has increased (see the list of references).
The opportunities (“affordances”) provided by the Internet (especially social media platforms) allow diasporas not only to stay connected at different levels (locally and globally), but also to exchange ideas, discuss, generate shared content [4] , and also support each other, create friendly relations between strangers [5] . All these actions and practices are developing digital diasporas.
Elements
Laguer offers three essential elements as components (social infrastructure) so that you can have an idea of the digital diaspora as part of the social system: “immigration”, “connectivity to information technology” and “network” (meaning “network of people, places, events ”) [6] .
Network Modes
According to studies, diasporas often use Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn to create online communities (with the goal of integrating into host countries) [7] . It helps to fill the social void in the life of the participants [8] . Websites or blogs of specific organizations and associations can serve as tools for uniting and strengthening communities, as well as communication, spreading information about a specific diaspora in the “host country” and in the “origin” country [9] .
Projects
There are various projects and institutions that study the digital diaspora. For example, the Atlas of Electronic Diasporas under the leadership of Dana Diminescu. The e-Diasporas atlas is a kind of original experiment in diaspora research. Within its framework, about 8,000 migrant websites have been studied and archived. Oksana Morgunova studied the Russian-speaking diaspora in this project. Also, some of its findings are presented in Russian in an article entitled “ Aspects of electronic mapping of the Russian-speaking diaspora ”.
There are open areas for discussion. For example, the Digital Society Forum is one of these. Here, scientists, specialists from different fields, other interested parties are coming together to discuss social changes caused by digital technologies. The project has a huge subsection called The connected migrant. It raises the following questions:
- How do migrants use ICT? [ten]
- What digital fingerprints does migration leave? [eleven]
- Uprooted and in touch? [12]
Notes
- 2 1 2 Brinkerhoff JM Digital diasporas: identity and transnational engagement. - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
- ↑ Everett A. Digital diaspora: a race for cyberspace .. - Albany: SUNY Press, 2009.
- ↑ Blommaert J., Rampton B. Language and Superdiversity // Diversities. - 2011. - Vol. 13 , No. 2 .
- ↑ The Virtual Community: Table of Contents . www.rheingold.com. The appeal date is March 8, 2017.
- ↑ Wellman B. Networks in the Global Village // BMS: Bulletin of Sociological Methodology / Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique. - 1999-01-01. - Vol. 61 . - p . 87–89 .
- ↑ Laguerre MS Digital Diaspora: Definition and Models // Diasporas in the New Media Age - Aragon, Oiarzabal PJ. - Reno: University of Nevada Press, 2010. - p. 49-64.
- ↑ Diminescu, D., Jacomy, M., Renault, M. Study trends and implications. // Joint Research Center Technical Note: Note. - 2010.
- ↑ Ridings, CM, Geffen, D. Virtual Community Attraction: Why People Hang Out Online. // Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication. - 2006. - № 10 .
- ↑ Alonso, A., Oiarzabal, PJ he immigrant worlds' digital harbors: An introduction. // Diasporas in the new media age. Identity, Politics and Community / Alonso, A. & Oiarzabal, PJ. - Reno: University of Nevada Press, 2010. - p. 1-15.
- ↑ https://digital-society-forum.orange.com/en/les-forums/133-1._quels_sont_les_usages_des_tic_par_les_migrants
- ↑ https://digital-society-forum.orange.com/en/les-forums/134-2._quelles_sont_les_traces_numeriques_liees_aux_migrations
- ↑ https://digital-society-forum.orange.com/en/les-forums/135-quelles_lecons_apprendre_des_migrants_connectes
Literature
- Axel, BK, 2004. The context of diaspora. Cultural Anthropology: Journal of the Society for Cultural Anthropology.