Underground Komsomol organization Reshetnyak

On August 15, 1941, the advancing German troops were captured by Krivoy Rog . In the occupied territories there were many residents who did not have time to evacuate along with the retreating Soviet troops and enterprises being evacuated. Among those remaining in the occupied territory was Nikolai Reshetnyak , a student of Krivoy Rog secondary school No. 15. From the first months of the occupation, the 16-year-old Komsomolets organized around him a group of his school friends, consisting of seven people. The organization was engaged in radio reception and dissemination of information from the fronts, writing and pasting leaflets, sabotage in German radio workshops, incapacitation of walkie-talkies, and was preparing for an armed uprising.

The group included: the organizer and leader Nikolay Reshetnyak, Grunya Romanova, Alexey Shcherbak, Nikolay Khodich, Anatoly Zheltuha, Lyuba Malorai, Mikhail Demchenko.

At the school, Reshetnyak and Zheltuha were amateur radio enthusiasts, attended the school’s Osoaviakhim radio circle, and after the start of underground activities, they gained useful knowledge. In the fall of 1942, the guys assembled the first three-lamp radio on which they began to receive Sovinformburo reports, copied them by hand and stuck them around the city. The group begins to think about their printing house. Nikolai Khodich discovered a dilapidated carriage with printing equipment that was standing in a railway dead end. At night, Reshetnyak and Khodich made their way to the carriage and took everything they needed, now the underground members had a primitive printing house, which they set up at Reshetnyak’s apartment. A regular release of anti-fascist leaflets begins with appeals to the population to fight against the German invaders. The first leaflet was with a warning to the police about the inevitable responsibility for the atrocious attitude and oppression of the miners.

To protect themselves from being sent to forced labor in Germany, the Komsomol members first went to work in an agricultural school, then they went to work in the radio workshops of the German group of forces "South", the so-called communications park of the army group, in the territory of the Krivorozhstal plant. The ability to harm enemies has expanded. The guys worked in the repair shop, and the girls in the telephone department, which was in the next hut. The interiors of the walkie-talkies were exposed to hydrochloric acid and failed already at the front.

Preparing themselves for an armed uprising, the underground called on the population to take up arms. From a note by Nikolai Reshetnyak to comrades:

We have already helped the Red Army a lot with leaflets. Now we need to outline a plan for further work. 1. We must increase our organization ... acquire weapons. We know that the time will come when the Nazis will flee from Ukraine, and we must be ready. 2. Establish contacts with the Black Forest partisans and help them with weapons. 3. Identify where the warehouses with weapons and grenades are located. We already have enough cartridges. Leave our weapon base where it is.

- Nikolai Mikolaenko “On the line of fire” (from the collection “We Can't Forget You Guys!”).

On August 17, 1943, all members of the organization were arrested, a month the underground members were interrogated and tortured. On September 16, 1943, the court sentenced Reshetnyak, Zheltuh, Romanov, Khodich, Shcherbak and Maloray to be shot, and later Lyuba Maloray was replaced by fifteen years of work at the Ruhr mines. The traitor was Mikhail Demchenko. After the verdict, Nikolai Reshetnyak wrote a letter to his family:

Hello, dad, mom, Lida, Vasya! September 17 at 6 a.m. I will be shot. Please transfer my death without worry. Say my last greetings to all my relatives and friends. I kiss you all tightly. Farewell. Your son N. Reshetnyak.

- Tronko P. T. Immortality of the young (from the history of the struggle of the Komsomol underground of Ukraine against the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War) / P. T. Tronko. - M .: Young Guard, 1958.

On the morning of September 17, 1943, convicts were brought to the place of execution. After that, the bodies of the executed Komsomol members were loaded onto carts and taken to a landfill behind the Kryvyi Rih cemetery, where pits were dug. Grunya Romanova was seriously injured and she, still alive, was buried with her dead comrades.

When Kryvyi Rih was freed in February 1944, the remains of the shot underground were buried in a festive atmosphere in the park, which was called Komsomolsky. A monument to the work of Alexander Vasyakin is erected over the mass grave - a sculptural composition of five Komsomol members at the time of the execution ^[1] .

• The park with the underground burial was called Komsomolsky;
• Monument to the Komsomol members of the underground work of Alexander Vasyakin in the park named after Fedor Mershavtsev ;
• Museum to students in secondary school No. 15;
• School 15 is named after Nikolai Reshetnyak;
• In 1970, the name of the middle fish-freezing trawler in Kerch was named after Reshetnyak ^[2] ;
• Streets in Krivoy Rog are named after Khodich ^[3] , Jaundice ^[4] , Shcherbak ^[5] and Romanova ^[6] .

• Kryvyi Rih: Guide-book / L.I. Novik, D.I. Kan . - Dnepropetrovsk: Promin, 1986. - 191 p.
• Fiery years. Youth during the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union 1941-1945. Collection of documents [Heroes of Kryvyi Rih] / M .: Young Guard , 1965.
• Reznitsky A. Heroes' traditions live [Text] / A. Reznitsky // Radio . - 1962 (June). - No. 6. - S. 11-12.
• Tronko P. T. Immortality of the young (from the history of the struggle of the Komsomol underground of Ukraine against the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War) / P. T. Tronko. - M .: Young Guard, 1958.
• We won’t forget you guys! Komsomol-youth underground during the Great Patriotic War (collection) / comp. G. M. Mironov . - M .: Young Guard, 1976.- 224 p.
• Grylev A.N. Dnieper — Carpathians — Crimea. Liberation of the Right-Bank Ukraine and Crimea in 1944 / A.N. Grylev. - M .: Science , 1970.
• Grusheva K. S. Then, in the forty-first ... [Underground is in force] / K. S. Grusheva. - M .: Izvestia , 1976 .-- 335 p.
• Ivanenko I. There is gold, as long as there is kaydani: [About members of the Komsomol organization of M. Reshetnyak m. Krivoy Rog G. Romanov, M. Khodich, A. Zhovtuha, K. Bilovezh, O. Shcherbaka, M. Temchenka, A. Shcherbak, L. Maloray, L. Golubov, M. Klonush] // Prapor youth. - 1974 (13 worms).
• Rashev P. Dnepropetrovsk underground // Heroes of the underground. - Vol. 2nd. - M. , 1968 .-- S. 178-219.
• Mikolaєnko M.A. - Dnіpropetrovsk: Book. view., 1963. - 397 p.
• Udovenko L. Voni did not argue: Nazustrich 60-th Komsomol: [About the youth Komsomol youth group with the honor of M. Reshetnyak] / L. Udovenko // Chervoniy girnik . - 1978 (17 spring). (Ukrainian)
• V'yazovska N. Neskorenі: [About the youngest months of the group of M. Reshetnyak] / N. V'yazovska // Chervoniy girnik. - 1979 (15 chest). (Ukrainian)
• Quota I. Pam'yatі molodogvardіytsіv [Text, photo] / І. Quota // Chervoniy girnik. - 2014 (18 spring). - No. 70 (21495). - S. 1. (Ukrainian)
• Semenov N. We will not forget you. We will avenge you / N. Semenov // Єdnannya generation. - 2010 (quarter). - No. 1. - S. 14.
• Reshetnyak Nikolai Makarovich // Encyclopedia of Kryvyi Rih . In 2 t. T. 2. L — I: [ Ukrainian ] / comp. V.F. Bukhtiyarov. - Kryvyi Rih: Java, 2005 .-- S. 384.
• Romanova Agripina (Grunya) Efimovna // Encyclopedia of Kryvyi Rih . In 2 t. T. 2. L — I: [ Ukrainian ] / comp. V.F. Bukhtiyarov. - Kryvyi Rih: Java, 2005 .-- S. 399.
• Khodich Nikolai Ivanovich // Encyclopedia of Kryvyi Rih . In 2 t. T. 2. L — I: [ Ukrainian ] / comp. V.F. Bukhtiyarov. - Kryvyi Rih: Java, 2005 .-- S. 668.
• Shcherbak Alexey Grigoryevich // Encyclopedia of Kryvyi Rih . In 2 t. T. 2. L — I: [ Ukrainian ] / comp. V.F. Bukhtiyarov. - Kryvyi Rih: Java, 2005 .-- S. 777.
• Jaundice Anatoly Petrovich // Encyclopedia of Kryvyi Rih . In 2 t. T. 1. A — K: [ Ukrainian ] / comp. V.F. Bukhtiyarov. - Kryvyi Rih: Java, 2005 .-- S. 433.

• Rashev P. "Dnepropetrovsk underground".
• Nikolai Mikolaenko “On the Line of Fire” (from the collection “We Can't Forget You Guys!”).
• Pyotr Tronko “Immortality of the Young” (from the history of the struggle of the Komsomol underground of Ukraine against the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War).
• KRGTRK "Kryvyi Rih": Kryvorіzky Young Guard. (Ukrainian)
• Kryvyi Rih residents honored the memory of executed underground fighters.
• Misto Kriviy Rig: Private organization and group in the rock of Hitler’s occupation (sickle of 1941, 22-23 fierce 1944 pp.). (Ukrainian)
• ... Sumy for school day. (Ukrainian)