Veniamin Maksovich Gokhman (1918, Bobruisk , Minsk Province . - 1986, Moscow ) - Soviet geographer - Americanist . He made a great contribution to the development of the theory of regional geography and theoretical geography .
| Veniamin Maksovich Gokhman | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | October 12, 1918 |
| Place of Birth | Bobruisk |
| Date of death | May 12, 1986 (67 years) |
| Place of death | Moscow |
| A country |  the USSR |
| Scientific field | socio-economic geography , theoretical geography |
| Place of work | IG RAS |
| Alma mater | Faculty of Chemistry, Leningrad State University , Faculty of Geography, MSU |
| Academic degree | doctor of geographical sciences |
| Academic title | Professor |
| supervisor | Nikolay Baransky |
| Famous students | Alexander Gorkin , Leonid Smirnyagin |
| Known as | economic geographer , americanist , |
Content
Biography
Born in Bobruisk. He graduated with honors from the Faculty of Chemistry of the Leningrad University in 1939 (specialty - inorganic chemistry ), worked in Ukhta as a chemist, taught geography at school [1] .
Entered in 1945 in the graduate school of the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University to prof. N. N. Baransky . In 1954 he defended his thesis on the topic "The placement of industrial construction in the United States during the Second World War and its impact on the geography of American industry " [2] .
In 1950-1954 he worked at the Tomsk University .
Since 1954 - employee of the Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences . Since 1966 - Head of the Department of Geography of the World Economy (until 1980 - Department of Territorial and Economic Problems).
In the 1950s – 1970s, he was one of the leaders of the Seminar on New Research Methods in Economic Geography under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the VGO .
In 1976 he defended his doctoral thesis on geography.
From the mid-1950s, V. M. Gokhman taught at the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University, MGIMO .
He took an active part in the activities of the IGU , was a member of the International Association of Regional Science . Many of the works of V. M. Gokhman have been translated in the USA , Great Britain , France, and the countries of Eastern Europe .
He was buried at the St. Nicholas Archangel Cemetery [3] .
Contribution to science
V. M. Gokhman was one of the pioneers of the mathematics of geography in the late 1950s. In the 1960-1970s, he was one of the leaders in the development of theoretical geography in the USSR, and, together with his colleagues, proposed a new paradigm of regional studies - problem-based regional geography. He advocated increased attention to the social aspects of economic geography, was the author of pioneering domestic works in the field of cultural geography and metageography [4] .
VM Gokhman was one of the founders of the school of geographical American studies in the USSR [5] . Despite the fact that Benjamin Maksovich was never in the United States, his work on the economic geography of this country was well known in America, and Gokhman himself enjoyed great prestige among American geographers [5] .
V. M. Gokhman is the author of more than 150 scientific papers, some of which are of a closed nature [2] , more than 600 encyclopedic works and about 80 review articles and reviews.
V. Gokhman made a great contribution to the translation into Russian of the key works of Western geographers on the theory of socio-economic geography and regional economics. In his translation or under his editors, the books of such scholars as W. Aizard , W. Bunge , P. Hagget , D. Harvey , B. Berry, D. Smith, R. Chorley and many others were published in Russian.
Works
- Venin V.M. [6] . Panama and the Panama Canal. - M .: Geografiz, 1951. - p. 72. - (Countries of the world).
- Venin V.M. [6] . Guatemala. - M .: Geografiz, 1954. - p. 94. - (Countries of the world).
- Gokhman V. M. Geography of heavy industry in the USA. - M .: Geografgiz, 1956. - 531 p.
- Andreeva V. M., Gokhman V. M., Kovalevsky V. P., Polovitskaya M. Ye. Economic regions of the USA. North. - M .: State edition of geographical literature, 1958. - T. 2. - 830 p. - (US economic regions). - 4500 copies
Literature
- Sintserov L.M. Geographer and Thinker (on the 100th anniversary of VM Gokhman) // News of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Geographical series . - Moscow, 2018. - Vol. 4 - pp . 129-130 . - DOI : 10.1134 / S2587556618040143 .
Notes
- ↑ Ed. T. D. Alexandrova; Ed. ed. V.M. Kotlyakov . Institute of Geography and its people: To the 90th anniversary of the formation. - M .: Science , 2008. - p. 680. - ISBN 978-5-02-036651-0 .
- ↑ 1 2 Biography on the IG RAS site
- ↑ Grave of V.M. Gokhman
- ↑ In memory of V. M. Gokhman // News of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Geographical series. - 1986. - № 5 .
- ↑ 1 2 Gorkin A.P. Veniamin Maksovich Gokhman. A word about the teacher // Gorkin A. P. Geography of the post-industrial industry (methodology and research results, 1973–2012). - Smolensk: Oykumena, 2012. - p . 341-344 . - ISBN 978–5–93520–076–7.
- ↑ 1 2 Published under a pseudonym due to the campaign against cosmopolitanism .