Sonora is a city in the United States located in central Texas , the administrative center of Sutton County . According to the 2010 census, the number of inhabitants was 3,027; according to the US Census Bureau, in 2015, 2,863 people lived in the city [2] .
| City | |
| Sonora | |
|---|---|
| English Sonora | |
 | |
| A country |  USA |
| State | Texas |
| County | Sutton |
| History and Geography | |
| Area | 5.3 km² |
| Center height | 649 m |
| Timezone | UTC − 6 ; summer UTC − 5 |
| Population | |
| Population | 3,027 people ( 2010 ) |
| Density | 571.1 people / km² |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Telephone code | +1 325 |
| Postcode | |
| FIPS | 48-68756 [1] |
| GNIS | |
Content
- 1 History
- 2 Geography
- 2.1 Climate
- 3 population
- 4 Local government
- 5 Infrastructure and transport
- 6 Education
- 7 Economics
- 8 Recreation and entertainment
- 9 notes
- 10 Links
History
The first settler on the territory of the current city was Charles Adams, a cattle ranger and merchant from Fort McCavett, who moved there in 1885. In 1887, he named the place after a family servant from the Mexican region of Sonora . Adams offered free lots in the city, which in 1890 was chosen as the administrative center of Sutton County [3] .
In 1890, the weekly Devil's River News was launched. Building materials for the city were delivered by carts from Fort McCavett and San Angelo , the travel time was from 6 to 15 days. In 1908, a contract was signed with the Kansas City, Mexico and Orient Railway for the construction of a line from San Angelo to Del Rio . Construction began in 1909, but the company was faced with financial problems and was unable to complete the project. In 1928, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe railway company bought the section of the line, and on May 13, 1930, a railway link between Sonora and San Angelo opened [3] .
In 1916, the city, together with the Texas A&M University, organized an agricultural experimental site. In 1917, Sonora received a charter and local government. When the cost of sheep and goat hair fell twice during the Great Depression , local sheep farmers organized an association for the sale of wool, which helped to sell the goods and was able to stabilize prices [3] .
Geography
Sonora is located in the central part of the district, its coordinates: [4] .
The city is located in the western part of the Hill Country region, the area is characterized by the presence of limestone rocks protruding from the earth. Evergreen oaks and Mexican juniper grow on the territory, there are areas of the savannah where various bushes, grasses and cacti grow.
According to the US Census Bureau , the area of the city is about 5.3 square kilometers, fully occupied by land [4] .
Climate
According to the Köppen climate classification , a semi-arid climate of low latitudes (BSh) prevails in Sonora [5] . Long droughts are frequent in the region due to the proximity of the steppe and desert areas in the west. The location of the city on a hill allows moisture from the Gulf of Mexico to form more clouds than in neighboring areas. Thunderstorms with heavy rainfall most often occur in the spring and autumn months. In winter, rains occur mainly due to frontal systems originating in the plains north of the city.
| Climate Sonora | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicator | Jan | Feb | March | Apr | May | June | July | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Absolute maximum, ° C | 30.6 | 35.6 | 36.1 | 38.9 | 41.7 | 42.8 | 42,2 | 42,2 | 41.7 | 38.9 | 32.8 | 32,2 | 42.8 |
| Average maximum, ° C | 16.5 | 18.8 | 23.1 | 27,2 | 30.7 | 33,4 | 34.9 | 34.7 | 31.6 | 26.6 | 20.8 | 16.9 | 26.2 |
| Average temperature, ° C | 8 | 10.1 | 14.5 | 18.9 | 23,2 | 26,4 | 27.6 | 27,2 | 24.1 | 18.7 | 12.8 | 8.6 | 18.3 |
| Average minimum ° C | −0.4 | 1,5 | 5.9 | 10.6 | 15.7 | 19,4 | 20.3 | 19.7 | 16.7 | 10.9 | 4.9 | 0.3 | 10,4 |
| Absolute minimum, ° C | −17.2 | −22.2 | −11.7 | −6.7 | 5,6 | 7.8 | 7.2 | 1.7 | −7.8 | −12.8 | −16.1 | −22.2 | |
| Precipitation rate, mm | 19 | 29th | 28 | 53 | 70 | 60 | fifty | 62 | 66 | 64 | 35 | 19 | 556 |
| Source: weatherbase.com [6] | |||||||||||||
Population
| Population census | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census year | Us. | % ± | |
| 1920 | 1009 | ||
| 1930 | 1942 | 92.5% | |
| 1940 | 2528 | 30.2% | |
| 1950 | 2633 | 4.2% | |
| 1960 | 2619 | -0.5% | |
| 1970 | 2149 | -17.9% | |
| 1980 | 3856 | 79.4% | |
| 1990 | 2751 | -28.7% | |
| 2000 | 2924 | 6.3% | |
| 2010 | 3027 | 3.5% | |
| Current 2015 | 2863 | -5.4% | |
| 1920-2015 [7] [2] | |||
According to the 2010 census, 3027 people lived in the city, there were 1107 households and 792 families. The racial makeup of the city: 88.8% are white , 0.4% are African Americans , 0.3% are Native Americans, 0.2% are Asians , 0.0% (0 people) are residents of Hawaii or Oceania, 9% - other races, 1.4% - two or more races. The number of Hispanic residents of any race was 62.7% [8] .
Out of 1107 households, children under 18 live in 42.6%. 55.1% of households were married couples (26.9% with children under 18 years of age), in 11.2% of households women lived without husbands, in 5.2% of households men lived without wives, 28.5% of households were not families. Only one person lived in 25.2% of households, 11.2% were single elderly people (over 65). The average household size was 2.73 people. The average family size is 3.31 people [8] .
The population of the city by age range was as follows: 33.1% are residents under 20 years old, 22.9% are between the ages of 20 and 39, 31.5% are between 40 and 64, 12.5% are 65 and older . The average age is 35.4 years [8] .
According to a five-year survey from 2011 to 2015, the average household income in Sonora is $ 52,688 a year, and the average family income is $ 56,622. The per capita income for the city is $ 25,095. About 6% of families and 9.7% of the population are below the poverty line. Including 12.1% of those under the age of 18 years and 10.3% of those aged 65 and over [9] .
Local government
City management is carried out by the elected mayor and the city council, consisting of four people [10] .
Infrastructure and transport
Interstate I-10 , US 277, and Texas State Railways 467 pass through Sonora.
The city is home to Sonora Municipal Airport. The airport has one runway 1230 meters long [11] . The closest airport for commercial passenger flights is the San Angelo Regional Airport. The airport is located about 100 kilometers north of Sonora.
Education
The city is served by the Sonora Independent School District.
Economics
According to the city’s budget for 2016-2017, it is planned that the city’s revenues will amount to $ 6.29 million, the same amount of expenses [12] .
Recreation and Entertainment
About 12 kilometers west of the city are the caves of Sonora. The city houses the Eaton Hill Nature Center [13] , the Myers House Museum [14] , and in the house opposite which they shot Will Carver, one of the participants in the “wild gangs ”by Butch Cassidy , the Ice House Ranch Museum was opened [15] .
Notes
- ↑ 2015 Texas State Places Gazetteer File (TXT). Date of treatment January 31, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015 (Sonora, TX ) . US Census Bureau. Date of treatment February 17, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 SONORA, TX (English) (HTML). Handbook of Texas Online . Texas State Historical Association. Date of treatment February 17, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Sonora city, Texas . American Factfinder . US Census Bureau. Date of treatment February 16, 2017.
- ↑ SONORA, TEXAS. CLIMATE SUMMARY Weatherbase.com Date of treatment February 17, 2017.
- ↑ Sonora, Texas. Travel Weather Averages . weatherbase.com Date of treatment February 17, 2017.
- ↑ Texas Almanac: City Population History from 1850–2000 (English) (PDF). Texas Almanac. Date of treatment February 17, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Census 2010: General Population and Housing Characteristics, Sonora city, TX . US Census Bureau. Date of treatment February 17, 2017.
- ↑ 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. Sonora city, TX . US Census Bureau. Date of treatment February 17, 2017.
- ↑ City of Sonora Texas. City Council ( inaccessible link) . Date of treatment February 17, 2017. Archived January 15, 2017.
- ↑ KSOA - Sonora Municipal Airport . Date of treatment February 17, 2017.
- ↑ City of Sonora 2016—2017 Fiscal Budget Adopted September 19, 2016 (English) (PDF) (link not available) . Date of treatment February 17, 2017. Archived April 11, 2017.
- ↑ Eaton Hill Nature Center . Texas Mountain Trail Region. Date of treatment June 19, 2015.
- ↑ Miers Home Museum . Texas Mountain Trail Region. Date of treatment November 4, 2014.
- ↑ Old Sonora Ice House Ranch Museum . Texas Mountain Trail Region. Date of treatment November 4, 2014.
Links
- Sonora's official website .
- Chamber of Commerce Sonora .
- Information about the city of Sonora (English) (HTML). Handbook of Texas Online . Texas State Historical Association.
- Information about the city of Sonora on texasescapes.com .
- Sonora Independent School District .