Su-25M1

The possibility of modernizing the Su-25 and Su-25UB at the Zaporozhye aircraft repair plant MiGremont was mentioned in 2008 ^[3] .

In addition to the MiGremont plant, the KP CKB Arsenal , GP Orizon-Navigation , GP Novator , GP GKKB Luch , Radioniks LLC, Scientific-Production Firm ADRON LLC took part in the attack aircraft modernization program , KP NPK Iskra , Izyumsk instrument-making plant , the state enterprise Odessa Aircraft Plant and several other enterprises of the military-industrial complex of Ukraine ^[2] .

On March 4, 2010, the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine officially adopted a modernized version of the Su-25 attack aircraft and its combat version Su-25UB (received the name Su-25M1 and Su-25UBM1) into service with the air forces of Ukraine ^[4] . The first modernized aircraft (two Su-25M1 and one Su-25UBM1) were manufactured and transferred to the troops in 2010, they entered the 299th tactical aviation brigade in the Nikolaev region ^[1] . In 2011, two more Su-25M1s were modernized and transferred to the troops ^[5] .

During 2012, three Su-25M1 aircraft were upgraded and transferred to the troops ^[6] : On October 1, 2012, the 299th Tactical Aviation Brigade received one Su-25M1, which increased the total number of upgraded aircraft to six units (five Su-25M1 and one Su-25UBM1) ^[7] , on December 5, 2012, two more Su-25M1s transferred to the 299th tactical aviation brigade ^[8] .

In 2013, not a single aircraft of this type was upgraded ^[9] , but on February 26, 2014, the general director of the state concern Ukroboronprom S.V. Gromov reported that in 2013 the mass production of the Su-25M1 aircraft was mastered ^{[10 ]} .

In 2014, four modernized aircraft were transferred to the troops (three Su-25UM1 and one Su-25UBM1) ^[11] , however, after the start of a military operation in eastern Ukraine, there were casualties in this type of aircraft ^[2] . By the beginning of August 2014, the Ukrainian Air Force had 14 modernized Su-25M1 aircraft ^[12] .

In 2015, new variants of modernization of Su-25 type aircraft (Su-25M1K and Su-25UBM1K) were developed, repair and extension of the life of Su-25M1 aircraft of the Ukrainian armed forces continued, but the troops did not transfer any additional modernized aircraft type ^[13] . In 2016, the MiGremont plant repaired and transferred to the troops two more modernized attack aircraft Su-25M1 ^[14] .

On December 21, 2018, another upgraded attack aircraft, the Su-25M1K, was transferred to the troops ^[15] .

During the modernization of the Su-25 aircraft to the level of the Su-25M1, major overhaul and installation of additional Ukrainian-made equipment are being made ^{[1] [16]} : the analogue sight of the serial Su-25 is being replaced with a new digital sight АС С-17БЦ8-М1, installed integrated into airborne sighting and navigation system, satellite navigation system receiver С-3307, manufactured by Orizon-Navigation ,means of monitoring and recording flight data ^[17] produced by Kharkov Aviakontrol OJSC ^[18] and a modernized radio station ^[19] .

As a result of the modernization, the accuracy of navigation was improved when flying on routes at any altitude, the accuracy of bombing and firing at ground targets ^[1] .

The cost of upgrading one Su-25 to the level of Su-25M1 in 2011 prices was about 10 million hryvnia ^[20] . As of the beginning of October 2012, the cost of the program for upgrading one Su-25 to the level of Su-25M1 (excluding the cost of major repairs) was $ 920 thousand ^[16] .

Additional equipment is installed on the following modifications (in particular, an improved audio and video recording system) and combined devices for shooting off false thermal targets ^[2] .

• Su-25M1 - a modernized version of the single-seater attack aircraft Su-25, a variant of 2010 ^[4]
• Su-25UBM1 - a modernized version of the two-seater combat training aircraft Su-25UB, a variant of 2010 ^[4]
• Su-25UM1 - a modernized version of the Su-25 attack aircraft, a variant of 2014 ^[11]
• Su-25M1K - a modernized version of the Su-25 single-seater attack aircraft, version 2015 ^{[13] [21]} , upgraded with a combined device for the shooting of false thermal targets Adros KUV 26-50-01 ^[22]
• Su-25UBM1K - a modernized version of the two-seater training and combat aircraft Su-25UB, version 2015 ^{[13] [21]} , upgraded with a combined device for shooting off false heat targets "Adros" KUV 26-50-01 ^[22]

•   Ukraine

• Modernization of the Su-25 / official site Zaporozhye State Aviation Repair Plant "MiGremont"
• СН-3307 integrated satellite navigation equipment / official site of GP Orizon-Navigation