Roshchin, Vladimir Fedorovich

Roshchin Vladimir Fedorovich, was born on August 29, 1922 in Moscow. Here he spent his childhood and youth, graduated from high school with honors. From childhood, he became interested in aviation, which at that time was admired by many young people, visited the Khodynka field and the Tushino airfield, on which flights were demonstrated. He was fluent in German and English. He entered the Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI), where he graduated with honors in 1946 with a degree in mechanical engineer in the field of rocketry.

After graduating from the Moscow Aviation Institute, Sergey Pavlovich Korolev , who was the head of the diploma projects for a group of students, including Vladimir Fedorovich Roshchin, invites everyone to work at OKB-1 , which he headed. For a short period, Vladimir Fedorovich thoroughly entered the new and developing branch of rocket and space technology, in which he studied both theoretically and experimentally the problems of aerodynamics, gas dynamics and heat heating of the head parts of rockets and descent vehicles. Thanks to his organizational abilities, V.F. Roshchin in OKB-1 (now RSC Energia named after S.P. Korolev) quickly passed the labor path from an engineer to the head of department No. 11 in aerodynamics, dynamics, design of heat-protective coatings, and subsequently and design of descent vehicles ^[1] .

Work at OKB-1

The design developments of the Soyuz SA were preceded by scientific research studies of the problem of the return of vehicles from space, conducted at OKB-1 . Roshchin Vladimir Fedorovich Deputy Head of Division No. 8 dealt with issues related to the return of the apparatus, namely aerodynamic, gas-dynamic, the problem of ballistics of entry into the atmosphere and the creation of a reliable thermal protection system.

Vladimir Fedorovich was engaged in the study of apparatuses, more advantageous from the point of view of aerogasdynamics and heat transfer, than spherical (by that time having established itself as the main one for Vostok SA), namely a “segmented” one, formed by a spherical segment with the apparatus body docked to it, located in the aerodynamic shadow and less prone to heat in the descent area.

With the formation of department No. 11 in 1959, the head of the department, Roshchin Vladimir Fedorovich, focused on research in the field of aerodynamic, thermophysical and ballistic problems of creating landers. At the direct direction of Sergey Pavlovich Korolev, in collaboration with Nesmeyanov, Alexander Nikolaevich and Keldysh, Mstislav Vsevolodovich, he undertook intensive design studies of the Soyuz SA equipped with a rotary (helicopter) landing system. Work on the rotor system in the department was carried out by V. E. Minenko and V. I. Arkov. The energetic efforts of V. F. Roshchin led to the involvement of OKB Mil S. L., the Academy named after N.F. Mozhaysky and TsAGI, where research was carried out both on the subsonic rotor and on the SA with the rotor operating at hypersonic speeds. ^[2] He was a developer in a team of authors from TsAGI of the VERTOSTAT project of an unconventional aircraft.

He took an active part in the design of the first Vostok-1 manned spacecraft .

For the successes achieved in the work, the title of laureate of the Lenin Prize was awarded and the degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences was awarded. On behalf of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, he was awarded the jubilee medal "For Valiant Labor to Commemorate the 100th Birth Anniversary of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" of 04/03/1970.

In 1972, V.F. Roshchin went on to pedagogical work at MIIGA ( Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation ), where until the end of his life he worked as head of the department of aerodynamics and flight dynamics, and then professor of the department of aerodynamics, design and strength of aircraft. A lot of strength and energy V.F. Roshchin gave the development of the laboratory base of the department, the formulation of the educational process and research work. He delivered a number of lecture courses, did a great job on a voluntary basis: he was a member of several scientific councils for the defense of doctoral dissertations and was a member of the Expert Council of the Higher Attestation Commission of the USSR on aviation and rocket and space technology. V.F. Roshchin was one of the organizers together with the USSR Deputy Minister of Higher Education Krasnov N.F. and academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Ryzhov, Yuri Alekseevich creating the Coordinating Council of the departments of aerodynamics of aviation universities of the country, which has been successfully operating to date.

For his great contribution to the development of aviation and rocket and space technology V.F. Roshchin was awarded the title Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the RSFSR, the badge "Excellent Aeroflot" and was awarded a number of government orders and medals.

Vladimir Fedorovich Roshchin died on October 21, 1990 and was buried at the Nikolo-Arkhangelskoye cemetery cemetery in Moscow. ^[3]

• Lenin Prize Laureate
• Order of the Badge of Honor
• Order of the Red Banner of Labor
• Doctor of Technical Sciences
• Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the RSFSR
• Medal "In commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin"
• Breastplate "Excellent Aeroflot."