Parliamentary elections in Spain in 1996 took place on Sunday, March 3 and became the sixth held in accordance with the Spanish Constitution of 1978 . All 350 members of the Congress of Deputies and 208 of 256 senators were elected .
← 1993  2000 → | |||
| Legislative Election in Spain | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Spanish General Cortes Elections | |||
| March 3, 1996 | |||
| Voter turnout | 77.38% ▲ 0.94 pp | ||
 |  |  | |
| Party head | Jose Maria Aznar | Felipe Gonzalez | |
| The consignment | NP [1] | ISRP | Ol |
| Seats received | 156 ( ▲ 14 [2] ) | 141 ( ▼ 18) | 21 ( ▲ 3) |
| Votes | 9 716 006 (38.79%) | 9 425 678 (37.63%) | 2 639 774 (10.54%) |
| Change in the percentage of votes | ▲ 3.42 [2] | ▼ 1.15 p.p. | ▲ 0.99 p.p. |
| Past number of seats | 142 | 159 | eighteen |
| Party head | Joaquim Molins | Lorenzo Olarte | |
| The consignment | KiS | BNP | Canary Coalition [3] |
| Seats received | 16 ( ▼ 1) | 5 ( ▬ ) | 4 ( ▬ ) |
| Votes | 1,151,633 (4.60%) | 318 951 (1.27%) | 220 418 (0.88%) |
| Change in the percentage of votes | ▲ 0.34 pp | ▲ 0.03 p.p. | ▲ 0.56 |
| Past number of seats | 17 | 5 | four |
| Other parties | Catalan, Basque, Galician and Valencian regionalists | ||
 Provincial Congress of Deputies election map | |||
| Election result | The victory was won by the People’s Party , receiving about 45% of the seats in the Congress of Deputies | ||
After its victory in the 1993 election , the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSI) was shocked by a number of scandals, in particular, socialists were accused of illegally financing the party, using public funds to pay unannounced bonuses to party officials and . After the convergence of the Catalan Nationalist Coalition “ Convergence and Union ” (CiS) in mid- 1995, which lost the absolute majority in Congress, Prime Minister Felipe González was forced to dissolve Cortesa and hold early elections.
The election led to the first defeat of the PSOI in the general election since 1982. It was expected that the opposition People’s Party of Jose Maria Aznar after his victories in the European Parliament in 1994 and the municipal and regional elections of 1995 will confidently win in 1996. Surveys and observers predicted that the center-right Asnara either confidently won the absolute majority or did not reach him just a few places. Instead, the People’s Party was able to get ahead of the PSOE by less than 300,000 votes, without reaching the absolute majority of 20 seats. The socialists performed better than predicted, but in the end only take second place. The United Left Coalition, led by Communist could not take advantage of the weakening of the center-left, although they repeated their best result in the general election achieved by the Communist Party of Spain in 1979 .
The 156 seats won by the Popular Party remained the worst in the history of post-Francoist Spain as a result of the winning party until the 2015 elections . One of the consequences of the election was that Aznar was forced to moderate his attacks on Catalan and Basque nationalists in order to enlist their support. After two months of negotiations, agreements were reached with the CiS, the Basque Nationalist Party (BNP) and the Canary Coalition (KK), which allowed Asnar to form a minority cabinet, the first center-right government in Spain for almost 14 years.
Content
- 1 Legislative power
- 2 Electoral system
- 3 Background
- 3.1 Economics
- 3.2 Corruption scandals
- 3.3 GAL Case
- 4 Election Campaign
- 5 Polls
- 6 Results
- 6.1 Congress of Deputies
- 6.2 Senate
- 7 Results by Region
- 8 After the election
- 9 notes
- 10 Links
Legislature
The General Cortes , the Spanish legislative body to be elected on June 6, 1993, consisted of two houses: the Congress of Deputies (lower house, 350 deputies) and the Senate (upper house, 208 elected deputies). The legislative initiative belonged to both houses, as well as the government, but Congress had more power than the Senate. Only Congress could approve the prime minister or vote for his resignation, and he could cancel the Senate veto by an absolute majority. However, the Senate had several exclusive functions, in particular, the approval of constitutional amendments. [four]
This system, enshrined in the Spanish Constitution of 1978, was supposed to provide political stability to the government, as well as strengthen the position of the prime minister, providing for a vote of no confidence only by Congress. It has also introduced more effective protection against constitutional amendments, requiring participation in the adoption of amendments to both houses, as well as providing for a special process with higher approval thresholds and strict requirements for general constitutional reforms or amendments regarding the so-called “protected provisions”. [5]
Election System
In 1985, a new election law was passed, replacing the interim legislation in force since 1977 . Thus, the electoral system and all election procedures, with some changes, were now prescribed in a single law. In particular, groups of voters received the right to nominate candidates only by collecting the signatures of at least 1% of registered voters in a particular area. Voting took place on the basis of universal suffrage , with the participation of all citizens over eighteen.
348 seats in the Congress of Deputies were distributed among 50 multi-member constituencies , each of which corresponded to one of the 50 Spanish provinces, two more seats were reserved for Ceuta and Melilla . Each province was entitled to at least two seats in Congress, the remaining 248 seats were distributed among 50 provinces in proportion to their population. Places in multi-member districts were distributed according to the d'Ondt method , using closed lists and proportional representation . In each of the multi-member districts, only lists that managed to overcome the threshold of 3% of valid votes, which included empty ballots, were allowed to distribute mandates.
208 Senate seats were distributed among 58 counties. Each of the 47 counties on the peninsula had four Senate seats. The island provinces, the Balearic and Canary Islands , were divided into nine counties. Three large districts, Mallorca , Gran Canaria and Tenerife , each received three Senate seats, small districts, Menorca , Ibiza - Formentera , Fuerteventura , Homer - Hierro , Lanzarote and Palma - one at a time. Ceuta and Melilla were elected two senators each. In total, there were 208 deputies in the Senate elected by direct vote, using an with a partial voting block. Instead of voting for parties, voters cast their votes for individual candidates. In four-member districts, voters could vote for no more than three candidates, in three- and two-member districts for two candidates, in single-member districts for one candidate. In addition, each of the autonomous communities could elect at least one senator and were entitled to one additional seat for every million inhabitants. [6]
Background
Economics
The fourth term of the Spanish Socialist Workers Party fell on the economic crisis of 1993, which became one of the most difficult in recent decades. Since 1985, the economic situation in Spain, largely due to the country's accession to the European Communities , has been very favorable and accompanied by economic growth , since 1989 a marked decline in GDP began , the economy entered a recession cycle. The five-year period 1985-1989 was characterized by expansive growth and an active inflow of foreign capital , attracted by high interest rates . After 1989, however, the recession and global economic crisis led to a deterioration in the country's economic situation and an increase in unemployment . The peak of the crisis came in 1993 . A constant decline in production led to an increase in unemployment from 16% to 24% (for example, by the end of November 1993 there were more than 3.5 million unemployed in Spain) [7] , a decline in profits and deposits of commercial organizations, the GDP index was 68%, and the volume of government debt approached 30 trillion pesetas , and the budget deficit exceeded GDP by 7%.
Since 1994, economic recovery began, the decline in GDP, which amounted to 1.1% in 1993, was replaced by a growth of 2%. Although the economic situation was still difficult, the unemployment rate began to decline gradually, falling from 24% in 1994 to 22% in 1996. The inflation rate between 1994 and 1996 fell to 5.5%, and public debt amounted to 68% of GDP, and the budget deficit is 7.1%.
Corruption scandals
The period 1993-1996 was marked by numerous corruption scandals associated with the ruling Spanish Socialist Workers Party. Scandals related to corruption were not uncommon earlier, but it was in the mid -1990s that the top leadership of the ISRP was drawn into them. These scandals will annoy the socialist government throughout the fourth term of Felipe Gonzalez's tenure as Prime Minister of Spain.
On November 23, 1993, the Spanish daily Diario 16 reported that Luis Roldan Ibáñez , the head of the Civil Guard, had taken over 400 million pesetas and a number of properties since taking office in 1986, while his net annual income was this period did not exceed 400 thousand pesetas. Roldan himself, in response, declared the legal origin of his money and accused journalists of an information campaign. However, but could not provide evidence confirming his statements. December 3, 1993 Roldan was forced to resign. On March 9, 1994, the newspaper El Mundo wrote that employees of the used reserve funds ( funded by the Fondos reservados ), designed to finance the fight against terrorism and drug trafficking and not subject to publicity, justification or external supervision, [ 8] to pay bonuses to senior officials of the Ministry. Among those who were accused of receiving payments was Roldan. In April, Diario 16 and El Mundo unveiled information that the former head of the regional government of Navarra, Gabriel Urralburu, received money from construction companies during his reign for distributing in their favor , and, as it turned out, Roldan also participated in frauds . After that, the ex-minister fled the country, which entailed the resignation of the new Minister of the Interior, . [9]
Leaving Spain, Roldan accused a group of senior MVD officials of using reserve funds and threatening them with revelations. In a letter sent to the fugitive Gonzalez and published by El Mundo on June 17, 1994, Roldan acknowledged receiving monthly payments of 10 million pesetas from the Director of State for Security Rafael Vera ( Spanish Rafael Vera ). Among those he accused were also former Interior Minister (1988-1993) and Prime Minister Gonzalez, who, according to Roldan, was “in the know”. In the end, after spending ten months on the run, Luis Roldan was arrested on February 27, 1995 at a Bangkok airport ( Thailand ) amid allegations that he and the socialist government had reached an agreement whereby Roldan had to surrender in exchange for bringing charges against him on only two of the original seven crimes: bribery and embezzlement . This scandal became known as “Documents from Laos” ( Spanish los papeles de Laos ), since it was originally planned to capture it in Laos . [9] [10] Roldan will later be sentenced to 28 years for bribery, embezzlement , fraud , forgery of documents and tax evasion . [eleven]
At the same time as the Roldan case, on April 5, 1994 it became known that the former Bank of Spain manager Mariano Rubio ( Spanish Mariano Rubio ) had a secret bank account in the investment bank Ibercorp in the amount of 130 million pesetas. Earlier, the Bank of Spain had to intervene in the activities of Ibercorp due to its involvement in unclear financial transactions. Back in February 1992, it was revealed that Rubio, then the Governor of the Bank of Spain, and former Minister of Economics Miguel Boyer had withheld from the National Commission for the Securities Market that they both owned Ibercorp shares. Although Rubio denied the allegations, in July 1992 he had to resign. Nevertheless, new facts revealed already in 1994 brought him to criminal liability. The Ibercorp scandal dealt another blow to the position of Felipe Gonzalez. In May of the same 1994, the Minister of Agriculture Vicente Albero ( Spanish: Vicente Albero ) was forced to resign, after which it turned out that he also had a secret account. [12] [13] [14]
GAL Case
In 1991, police officers José Amedo and Michel Dominguez were convicted of participating in the ( Spanish abbreviation GAL), the "death squads" that were secretly funded by the socialist government. On December 16, 1994, they confessed to Judge Balthasar Garzón that a number of former police and Interior Ministry officials were also involved in the so-called “dirty war” ( Spanish guerra sucia ), which the GAL waged against the Basque terrorist organization ETA in 1983-1987, providing evidence confirming their statements. Among the accused were former Minister of the Interior (1982-1988), heads of security services Julian Sankristobal (1984-1986) and Rafael Vera (1986-1994), a number of police officers and even former secretary of the ISRP in the province of Bizkaia . In early 1995, defendants with the exception of Barrionuevo were arrested. On February 20, the resumed the investigation of the “GAL Case” in order to find out whether the GAL was financed from the Ministry of Internal Affairs reserve funds. In response, Barrionuevo accused Garson, who was charged with the case, of wanting to avenge the party for his resignation from the post of deputy in May 1994 due to political differences. [fifteen]
In May-July 1995, some of the defendants accused Prime Minister Felipe González of “knowing and allowing such activities,” even pointing out that he could be the person who made the decision to create and finance the GAL. However, the Spanish Supreme Court in 1996 decided that there was no evidence of González’s involvement in the “GAL case”, and the charges were based on suspicion alone. On July 29, 1998, a court convicted 13 Interior Ministry officials and politicians, including Barrionuevo, Vera, Sankristobal (all three were sentenced to ten years in prison ) and Damborena (seven years), in the GAL case. [fifteen]
Campaign
The ISRP built its election campaign on the achievements of the government of Felipe González, under whose leadership Spain has radically changed since 1982 and successfully overcame the 1993 economic crisis. The PSI’s campaign video, in which the opposition represented by the People’s Party was presented as a dark force threatening progress, was particularly notorious, in particular, sinister black and white figures, among whom was a Doberman barking at the audience, represented the socialist opponents. [16]
The People’s Party relied on the need for change after the 14-year reign of the socialists, which resulted in superhigh unemployment and unprecedented corruption. In his speeches, the leader of the party, Asnar, addressed primarily to the middle class and entrepreneurs . In these elections, the People’s Party moved even further towards the political center , wanting to appear before the voters as a modern and moderate party that has nothing to do with Francoism and its predecessor, the People’s Alliance . [17]
Surveys
The results of pre-election polls are shown in the table below in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first. The latest survey dates are shown, not the publication date. If this date is unknown, the publication date is indicated. The highest percentage in each survey is displayed in bold and highlighted in the color of the lead participant. The column on the right shows the difference between the two leading parties in percentage points. If a particular survey does not show data for any of the batches, the cells of this batch corresponding to this poll are shown empty. Exit polls are highlighted in light green, and a survey conducted after the date of the official ban on the publication of public opinion polls is highlighted in light pink.
| Organization | date of | Limit inaccuracies | amount of respondents | Difference | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Election results | March 3, 1996 | 38.8 | 37.6 | 10.5 | 4.6 | 1.3 | 1,2 | |||
| Eco Consulting | March 3, 1996 | 40,2 | 34.8 | 11.2 | 4.4 | 1.4 | 5,4 | |||
| Demoscopia | March 3, 1996 | 40.7 | 34.7 | 11.2 | 4.6 | 1,1 | 6.0 | |||
| Sigma dos | March 3, 1996 | 41.1 | 33.7 | 11,4 | 4.2 | 1,6 | 7.4 | |||
| CIS | March 1, 1996 | 39.2 | 36.8 | 11.5 | 4.0 | 0.9 | ± 2.0 pp | 2,491 | 2,4 | |
| Metra seis | February 25, 1996 | 41.7 | 32,2 | 11.9 | 4.2 | 1.3 | ± 0.8 pp | 15,000 | 9.5 | |
| Sigma dos | February 24, 1996 | 42.3 | 31,4 | 12,2 | 4.2 | 1,5 | ± 1.3 pp | 6,048 | 10.9 | |
| Inner line | February 22, 1996 | 40.6 | 36.1 | 11.9 | 4.4 | ± 1.3 pp | 6,048 | 4,5 | ||
| Demoscopia | February 21, 1996 | 42,4 | 33,4 | 12.3 | 4.2 | 1,1 | ± 1.7 pp | 3,500 | 9.0 | |
| CIS | February 21, 1996 | 41.2 | 34.1 | 11,4 | 4,5 | 1.3 | ± 1.2 pp | 6 642 | 7.1 | |
| Opina | February 20, 1996 | 41.0 | 35.0 | 10.5 | 4,5 | 1,5 | ± 2.0 pp | 2,369 | 6.0 | |
| Metra seis | February 19, 1996 | 41.5 | 32,5 | 12.0 | 4.0 | ± 1.1 pp | 7 566 | 9.0 | ||
| Vox pública | February 16, 1996 | 41.2 | 33.5 | 11.7 | 4,5 | 1.3 | ± 0.9 pp | 12 069 | 7.7 | |
| Tabula-v | February 10, 1996 | 44.1 | 32,5 | 12.8 | 4.2 | 0.8 | ± 1.8 pp | 3,000 | 11.6 | |
| Sigma dos | February 8, 1996 | 41.8 | 31.5 | 11.9 | 4.2 | 1.3 | ± 3.2 pp | 1,000 | 10.3 | |
| Demoscopia | February 7, 1996 | 41.7 | 32.6 | 12.8 | 4,5 | 1.3 | ± 1.7 pp | 3,500 | 9.1 | |
| Opina | February 6, 1996 | 40.5 | 34.0 | 11.0 | 4,5 | 1,5 | ± 2.8 pp | 1,185 | 6.5 | |
| Tabula-v | February 5, 1996 | 40,0 | 29.8 | 14.3 | 4.9 | 1,1 | ± 1.3 pp | 4 503 | 10,2 | |
| PP | February 3, 1996 | 42.0 | 31.5 | 13.5 | 4.2 | 1,0 | 10.5 | |||
| Vox pública | January 31, 1996 | 42.5 | 31.8 | 12.0 | 4.4 | ± 2.2 pp | 2 028 | 10.7 | ||
| Gallup | January 31, 1996 | 38.8 | 34.5 | 12,4 | 5,0 | 1.3 | ± 2.2 pp | 2 010 | 4.3 | |
| Tabula-v | January 26, 1996 | 43.0 | 30,0 | 11.0 | 5.5 | 1,5 | ± 2.9 pp | 1,200 | 13.0 | |
| Sigma Dos / Vox Pública | January 25, 1996 | 41,4 | 31,4 | 12.6 | 4.0 | 1.4 | ± 0.9 pp | 11,000 | 10.0 | |
| Demoscopia | January 14, 1996 | 40.5 | 33.8 | 12,2 | 4,5 | 1,1 | ± 2.0 pp | 2,500 | 6.7 | |
| CIS | January 14, 1996 | 40.6 | 33.7 | 11.0 | 4.4 | 1.3 | ± 2.0 pp | 2,499 | 6.9 | |
| Sigma dos | January 11, 1996 | 40.6 | 30.9 | 13.0 | 4.4 | 1.3 | ± 3.2 pp | 1,000 | 9.7 | |
| Opina | January 9, 1996 | 39.5 | 34.0 | 10.5 | 4,5 | 1,5 | ± 2.5 pp | 1,500 | 5.5 | |
| Gallup | January 7, 1996 | 39.0 | 32,7 | 12.9 | 4.6 | 0.9 | ± 2.2 pp | 2,031 | 6.3 | |
| Sigma Dos / Vox Pública | January 4, 1996 | 40.3 | 31,2 | 13.1 | 4.6 | 1,2 | ± 3.2 pp | 1,000 | 9.1 | |
Results
Congress of Deputies
Parties and coalitions that have won at least one seat in the Congress of Deputies are highlighted in bold.
| Parties and coalitions | Leader | Vote | Places | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vote | % | ± p.p. | Places | +/− | ||||
| Party People [1] | Spanish Partido Popular, PP | Jose Maria Aznar | 9 716 006 | 38.79 | ▲ 3.42 [2] | 156 [~ 1] | ▲ 14 [2] | |
| Spanish Socialist Workers Party [~ 2] | Spanish Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE | Felipe Gonzalez | 9 425 678 | 37.63 | ▼ 1.15 | 141 [~ 3] | ▼ 18 | |
| United Left [~ 4] | Spanish Izquierda Unida, IU | 2 639 774 | 10.54 | ▲ 0.99 | 21 [~ 5] | ▲ 3 | ||
| Convergence and Union | cat. Convergència i Unió, CiU | Joaquim Molins | 1,151,633 | 4.60 | ▼ 0.34 | 16 [~ 6] | ▼ 1 | |
| Basque Nationalist Party | Basque. Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea, EAJ | 318 951 | 1.27 | ▲ 0.03 | 5 | ▬ | ||
| Canary Coalition [3] | Spanish Coalición Canaria, CC | Jose Carlos Mauricio | 220 418 | 0.88 | ▬ | 4 [~ 7] | ▬ | |
| Galician Nationalist Bloc | galis. Bloque Nacionalista Galego, BNG | Francisco Rodriguez Sanchez | 220,147 | 0.88 | ▲ 0.34 | 2 | ▲ 2 | |
| Basque. Herri Batasuna, HB | 181 304 | 0.72 | ▼ 0.16 | 2 | ▬ | |||
| Republican Left of Catalonia | cat. Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya, ERC | Pilar Raola i Martinez | 167 641 | 0.67 | ▼ 0.13 | one | ▬ | |
| Andalusian party | Spanish Partido Andalucista, PA | Maria del mar calderon | 134 800 | 0.54 | ▼ 0.05 [~ 8] | 0 | - | |
| Basque solidarity | Basque. Eusko Alkartasuna, EA | Begonia Lasagabaster | 115,861 | 0.46 | ▼ 0.09 | one | ▬ | |
| Spanish Unión Valenciana, UV | Jose Maria Chiquillo | 91 575 | 0.37 | ▼ 0.11 | one | ▬ 1 | ||
| European green [~ 9] | Spanish Los Verdes Europeos, LVE | Ana Segura | 61 689 | 0.54 | ▼ 0.25 | 0 | - | |
| Union of Aragonese | arag. Chunta Aragonesista, CHA | Jose Antonio Labordeta | 49,739 | 0.20 | ▲ 0.17 | 0 | - | |
| Centrist Union [~ 10] | Spanish Unión Centrista, UC | Fernando Garcia Fructuoso | 44,771 | 0.18 | ▼ 1,58 | 0 | - | |
| The unity of the Valencian people — Nationalist bloc [~ 11] | shaft. Unitat del Poble Valencià – Bloc Nacionalista, UPV – BN | Javier Ervas | 26,777 | 0.11 | ▼ 0.06 | 0 | - | |
| Socialists of Mallorca and Menorca — Nationalist Agreement | cat. PSM-Entesa Nacionalista) | Maria Antonia Vadel | 24,644 | 0.10 | ▲ 0.01 | 0 | - | |
| Parties with less than 0.1% of the vote [~ 12] | 211 523 | 0.84 | ▼ 0.27 | 0 | - | |||
| Empty newsletters | 243 345 | 0.97 | ▲ 0.17 | |||||
| Total | 25,046,276 | 100.00 | 350 | - | ||||
| Invalid votes | 125 782 | 0.50 | ▼ 0.04 | |||||
| Registered / Turnout | 32 531 833 | 77.38 | ▲ 0.94 | |||||
| Source: Ministerio del Interior (Spanish) | ||||||||
- ↑ Including, 2 deputies from the Union of the Navarran people and 1 from the Regionalist Aragonese Party
- ↑ Together with the Party of Socialists of Catalonia and the Socialist Party of the Basque Country - Leftists of
- ↑ Including, 19 deputies from the Party of Socialists of Catalonia and 5 from the Socialist Party of the Basque Country -
- ↑ Included KPI , OSPK , PSD , RL , PF , Workers Unity Team –Andalusian Left Block, DPNL , Initiative for Catalonia, Galician Left, Green Andalusia, Green Region of Murcia, Green Extremadura and Independent
- ↑ Including, 12 deputies from KPI , 4 from DPNL , 2 from OSPK , 1 from PSD and 2 independent
- ↑ Of these, 11 deputies from the DCC and 5 from the DSC
- ↑ 2 deputies from the Canary Independent, 1 each from the Canary Nationalist Center and the Canary Nationalist Initiative
- ↑ The results are compared with the general results of the 1993 elections for the Andalusian Party and the Andalusian Progress Party.
- ↑ Successor to the Greens — Green List block, coalition of the , the Green Alternative, the Ecological Alternative of Catalonia and the
- ↑ A centrist coalition formed by the Democratic and Social Center and a number of small parties
- ↑ Unity Coalition of the Valencian People and the Valencian Nationalist Party
- ↑ Green — Green Groups, Democratic Convergence of Navarra, Revolutionary Labor Party, Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain, Humanist Party, Asturianist Party, Authentic Spanish Phalanx, Union of the León People, Basque Civic Initiative, Green Madrid, Extremadura Coalition ( ”And the Extremadura Regionalist Party), Mallorca Union, Comunéra-Castile Nationalist Party, Rioja Party, Ecological Party of Catalonia, Casti Regionalist Unity AI and Leon, Andalusian nation, Alliance for National Unity, Regionalist Party of the Countries Leon, Green Aragon, Republican Coalition (Internationalist Socialist Workers Party – Social Democratic Allies), Canar Independence Front, Ceuta Socialist Party, Castilla Regional Party La Mancha, Galician People's Front, Independent Socialists of Extremadura, Madrid Independent Regional Party, Red and Green Party, Independent Spanish Phalanx, New Region, Republican Party Action, Civilian Independent Platform of Catalonia, Valencia Nationalist Left, El Bierzo Party, Canary Nationalist Party, Alicante Provincial Union, Andalusian Democratic Unity, Civil Democratic Action, “Voice of the Andalusian People”, “European National State”, Social and Autonomous Liberals Group, Balearic Alliance, Guadalajara Regionalist Party, Spanish Autonomous League, Aragonese Social Dynamics, People Party, Intersamoran Party, Natsio Melistilleanistic party, Centrists of the Valencian Community, Revolutionary Workers 'Party, Autonomous Workers' Party of Spain, Tenerife Independent Family Groups
Party People : 156 Spanish Socialist Workers Party : 141 United Left : 21 Convergence and Union : 16 Basque Nationalist Party : 5 Canary Coalition : 4 : 2 Galician Nationalist Bloc : 2 Basque solidarity : 1 Republican Left of Catalonia : 1 Valencia Union: 1
Party people Spanish Socialist Workers Party Basque Nationalist Party Convergence and Union
Senate
20,684,212 people (69.87%) took part in the election of 208 senators. Invalid ballots - 710 101 (3.43%), blank ballots - 334 118 (1.67%).
| Parties and coalitions | Leader | Places | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Places | +/− | ||||
| Party People [1] | Spanish Partido Popular, PP | Jose Maria Aznar | 112 [~ 1] | ▲ 19 | |
| Spanish Socialist Workers Party | Spanish Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE | Felipe Gonzalez | 81 | ▼ 15 | |
| Convergence and Union | Spanish Convergència i Unió, CiU | Joaquim Molins | 8 [~ 2] | ▼ 2 | |
| Basque Nationalist Party | Basque. Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea, EAJ | four | ▲ 1 | ||
| Canary Coalition [3] | Spanish Coalición Canaria, CC | Jose Carlos Mauricio | 1 [~ 3] | ▼ 4 | |
| Ibiza and Formentera in the Senate [~ 4] | Spanish Eivissa i Formentera al Senat, EFS | one | ▲ 1 | ||
| Lanzarote Independent Party | Spanish Partido Independiente de Lanzarote, PIL | one | ▲ 1 | ||
| Total | 208 | ▬ | |||
| Source: Ministerio del Interior (Spanish) | |||||
- ↑ Including, 3 senators from the Union of the Navarran People and the Regionalist Aragonese Party
- ↑ Of these, 6 senators from DCC and 2 from DSC
- ↑ 1 senator from the Assembly of the Independent Hierro Group
- ↑ Coalition of branches of the ISRP, “OL” , Socialists of Mallorca and Menorca, “Greens” and RLC on the islands of Ibiza and Formentera
Regional Results
Distribution of votes and mandates for parties and coalitions in the regions of Spain . [18] Only nationwide parties with at least 0.1% in all of Spain and regional parties with at least 0.4% in the autonomous community are indicated.
| Region | Party people | Socialists | Left | Regionalists | Total | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes (%) | Places | Votes (%) | Places | Votes (%) | Places | Votes (%) | Places | Votes (%) | Places | Votes (%) | Places | ||
| Andalusia | 46.6 | 32 | 35,4 | 24 | 13.4 [~ 1] | 6 | - | - | < 0.1 | 0 | 3.1 [~ 2] | 0 | 62 |
| Aragon | 34.6 | 5 | 47.9 [~ 3] | 8 [~ 4] | 9.1 | 0 | - | - | <0.1 | 0 | 6.4 [~ 5] | 0 | 13 |
| Asturias | 39.8 | four | 41.0 | four | 15,5 | one | 0.5 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 1.7 [~ 6] | 0 | 9 |
| Balearic | 35.9 | 3 | 45.1 | four | 7.7 | 0 | 1,2 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 7.3 [~ 7] | 0 | 7 |
| Valencia | 38.3 | 13 | 43.7 | fifteen | 11.1 | 3 [~ 8] | 0.8 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 4,5 [~ 9] | 1 [~ 10] | 32 |
| Galicia | 33.5 | 9 | 48.3 | fourteen | 3.6 | 0 | 0.4 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 12.8 [~ 11] | 2 [~ 12] | 25 |
| Canaries | 29.9 | 5 | 37.6 | 5 | 5.5 [~ 13] | 0 | - | - | 0.1 | 0 | 27.5 [~ 14] | 4 [~ 15] | fourteen |
| Cantabria | 35.6 | 3 | 50,4 | 2 | 11.3 | 0 | - | - | 0.4 | 0 | - | - | 5 |
| Castile La Mancha | 42.6 | 9 | 47.2 | eleven | 8.4 | 0 | - | - | 0.3 | 0 | - | - | twenty |
| Castile-Leon | 35.0 | eleven | 52,2 | 22 | 9.1 | 0 | <0.1 | 0 | 0.4 | 0 | 0.7 [~ 16] | 0 | 33 |
| Catalonia | 39,4 | 19 [~ 17] | 18.0 | 8 | 7.6 | 2 [~ 18] | 0.2 [~ 19] | 0 | <0.1 | 0 | 33.8 [~ 20] | 17 [~ 21] | 46 |
| Madrid | 31,4 | eleven | 49.3 | 17 | 16,4 | 6 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | - | - | 34 |
| Murcia | 38,0 | 3 | 49.9 | 5 | 10.5 [~ 22] | one | - | - | 0.2 | 0 | - | - | 9 |
| Navarre | 30,2 | 2 | 37.1 [~ 23] | 2 | 9.2 [~ 24] | one | - | - | 0.1 | 0 | 17.9 [~ 25] | 0 | 5 |
| Rioja | 36.6 | 2 | 49.4 | 2 | 8.7 | 0 | - | - | 0.2 | 0 | 3.4 [~ 26] | 0 | four |
| Basque Country | 23.6 [~ 27] | 5 | 18.3 | 5 | 9.2% | one | 0.5 [~ 28] | 0 | <0.1 | 0 | 46.4 [~ 29] | 8 [~ 30] | 19 |
| Extremadura | 48,4 | 6 | 40.3 | 5 | 8.9 [~ 31] | 0 | - | - | 0.1 | 0 | 1.0 [~ 32] | 0 | eleven |
| Ceuta | 35.8 | 0 | 53,2 | one | 2.2 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 7.3 [~ 33] | 0 | one |
| Melilla | 43.3 | 0 | 50.6 | one | 3,5 | 0 | - | - | 0.1 | 0 | 0.7 [~ 34] | 0 | one |
| Total | 38.8 | 156 | 37.6 | 141 | 10.5 | 21 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 32 | 350 | |
- ↑ Together with European greens
- ↑ Andalusian party
- ↑ Together with the Regionalist Aragonese Party
- ↑ Including, 1 deputy from the Regionalist Aragonese Party - 1
- ↑ Union of Aragonese - 6.4
- ↑ Asturianist Party
- ↑ Socialists of Mallorca and Menorca — Nationalist Agreement - 5.7%, Mallorca Union - 1.6%
- ↑ United Left Countries of Valencia
- ↑ Valencian Union - 3.5%, Unity of the Valencian People – Nationalist Bloc - 1.0%
- ↑ Valencian Union
- ↑ Galician Nationalist Bloc
- ↑ Galician Nationalist Bloc
- ↑ Canary single left
- ↑ Canary Coalition - 25.1%, Gran Canaria Party - 1.9
- ↑ Canary coalition
- ↑ Union of the Leon people - 0.7%
- ↑ Socialist Party of Catalonia
- ↑ Initiative for Catalonia — Greens
- ↑ Ecological alternative to Catalonia
- ↑ Convergence and Union - 29.6%, Republican Left of Catalonia - 4.2%
- ↑ Convergence and Union - 16, Republican Left of Catalonia - 1
- ↑ Together with the European Greens
- ↑ Together with the Union of the Navarre People
- ↑ United Left of Navarre
- ↑ - 8.1%, Democratic convergence of Navarra - 5.2%, Basque solidarity - 3.7%, Basque nationalist party - 0.9%
- ↑ Rioja party
- ↑ Socialist Party of the Basque Country- "Left Basque Countries"
- ↑ "The Green Basque Country"
- ↑ Basque Nationalist Party - 25.0%, - 12.3%, Basque Solidarity - 8.2%, Basque Civic Initiative - 0.9%
- ↑ Basque Nationalist Party - 5, - 2, Basque Solidarity - 1
- ↑ Together with the European Greens
- ↑ Extremadura coalition
- ↑ Socialist Party of the People of Ceuta
- ↑ Nationalist Party of Melilla
The People's Party won elections in 13 autonomous communities out of 17 and in 32 provinces out of 50, including Madrid , Ceuta and Melilla . Socialists won in 3 autonomous communities and in 15 provinces, including Barcelona . Coalition “Convergence and Union” took first place in Girona and Lleida . Basque nationalists excelled in Biscay .
After the election
Federico Trillo-Figueroa ( People's Party ) was elected Chairman of the Congress of Deputies on March 27, 1996, for which 179 deputies voted, 160 parliamentarians voted for the socialist Jordi Sole Tours.
The approval of the new head of government took place on May 3 and 4, 1996. 181 deputies voted for the leader of the People’s Party, Jose Maria Aznar (all 156 from the People’s Party, 16 from the “Convergence and Union” , 5 from the Basque Nationalist Party and 4 from the Canary Coalition ). 166 people voted against (141 from the ISRP, 21 from the United Left , 2 from Galician nationalists and 1 from the Republican Left of Catalonia and the Basque Solidarity ). The only deputy from the abstained. Both deputies from absent.
The 1996 elections were the first for the People’s Party in which it won, although it could not get the vast majority of seats in the lower house of the Spanish parliament. In order to form a government, the center-right had to resort to an alliance with the Catalan and Basque nationalists and Canarian regionalists. For the first time since 1982, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party was unable to win the election and joined the opposition after 14 years of rule.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Together with the and the
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 The results are compared with the general results of the 1993 elections for the People and Aragonese Parties.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Included Independent Tenerife Groups, Palms , Homers and Hierro , Canary Nationalist Center, Canary Nationalist Initiative, Mahorero Assembly and Canary Nationalist Party
- ↑ "Constitución española, Sinopsis artículo 66" (Spanish) . Congreso.es. Date of treatment January 6, 2017.
- ↑ Constitución Española . Documento consolidado BOE-A-1978-31229 (Spanish) . Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (29 de diciembre de 1978) . Date of treatment January 6, 2017.
- ↑ Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Spanish) . Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (20 de junio de 1985). Date of treatment January 27, 2017.
- ↑ 150,000 parados más en el tercer trimestre, nuevo récord del desempleo (Spanish) . El Pais (27 de noviembre de 1993). Date of treatment February 18, 2017.
- ↑ ¿QUE SON LOS FONDOS RESERVADOS? (Spanish) . El Mundo (1 de septiembre de 2001). Date of treatment February 18, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 Cronología del esccándalo más sonado de la democracia . Sentencia del "caso Roldán" (Spanish) . El Mundo (27 de febrero de 1998) . Date of treatment February 18, 2017.
- ↑ El escándalo por corrupción más sonado de la democracia . Roldán, Condenado / Cronológico (Spanish) (link not available) . El Mundo (27 de febrero de 1998) . Date of treatment February 18, 2017. Archived June 21, 2001.
- ↑ José María Irujo. Chantajistas, pero condenados . Roldán, Amedo, Perote y Conde o De la Rosa siguieron sin éxito la misma táctica que Bárcenas Galería de las amenazas y revelaciones que acosaron al Estado (Spanish) . El País (13 de julio de 2013) . Date of treatment February 18, 2017.
- ↑ José Antonio Hernández, Salvador Arancibia. La juez del 'caso Ibercorp' sólo imputa a Mariano Rubio un delito de tráfico de influencias (Spanish) . El País (21 de enero de 1995). Date of treatment February 18, 2017.
- ↑ Francisco Justicia. La corrupción del poder económico y sus amigos . 18 Historias de El Mundo que cambiaron España (Spanish) . El Mundo (18 de octubre de 2007) . Date of treatment February 18, 2017.
- ↑ Caso Ibercorp (1994): La alta política, el papel couché y las sociedades fantasma (Spanish) . Teinteresa.es (18 de octubre de 2013). Date of treatment February 18, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 Cronología del 'caso Marey', la historia de un secuestro . Documentación de El Mundo (Spanish) . El Mundo (1 de junio de 2001) . Date of treatment February 19, 2017.
- ↑ Cristina Rodríguez. Video electoral PSOE 1996 (doberman) (Spanish) . YouTube (31 de octubre de 2008). Date of treatment February 21, 2017.
- ↑ Aznar le recuerda a Rajoy que "el PP es un partido de centro desde 1989" (Spanish) . Cadena SER (21 de junio de 2008). Date of treatment February 21, 2017.
- ↑ Elecciones Generales 6 de junio de 1993 (Spanish) . Historia electoral.com. Date of appeal February 15, 2017.
Links
- Congreso / Marzo 1996 (Spanish) . . - Datos completos del Ministerio del Interior. Date of treatment February 8, 2017.
- Senado / Marzo 1996 (Spanish) . . - Datos completos del Ministerio del Interior. Date of treatment February 8, 2017.
- Elecciones Generales 3 de marzo de 1996 (Spanish) . Historia electoral.com. Date of treatment February 12, 2017.
- Elecciones Generales 3 de marzo de 1996. Resultados oficiales. Todas las candidaturas (Spanish) . Historia electoral.com. Date of treatment February 12, 2017.