Aceh (Ace, Achaeans, Acechis, Achins) are the Austronesian people in Indonesia. Its representatives live in the north of. Sumatra and the neighboring islands of Vekh and Breh (mainly in the province of Aceh with its center in the city of Banda Aceh ). Number 3 million people (1999, estimate). They also live in Malaysia (10 thousand people). They are divided into groups of grassroots (orang-baroch) and mountain (orang-gudong) acech. The Aceh language of the Malay-Cham branch of the West Pond zone of the Austronesian languages, dialects: gang, baruch, buing, daja, pase, pidium, tunong. Writing based on the Latin and Arabic alphabet. The Indonesian language is also spoken . Believers are Sunni Muslims .
| Aceh | |
|---|---|
| Modern self-name | Aceh |
| Abundance and area | |
| Total: 3 million | |
 Indonesia  Malaysia | |
| Language | Aceh , Indonesian |
| Religion | Islam |
| Ethnic groups | Grass-roots Aceh, Mountain Aceh |
The formation of the Aceh probably involved the population of the Southeast Asia regions adjacent to Sumatra. The situation at the entrance to the Strait of Malacca determined the early involvement of Aceh in the international. trade. In the early Middle Ages, Acehs were included in the sphere of influence of the state of Sri Vijaya , after his death in the 13th century. several appeared on the coast. city-states ( Samudra , Pase, Perlak, Pedir, etc.), which established trade relations with the north-west. India, where in the con. 13 century Islam began to spread (now Aceh - one of the most Islamic peoples of Indonesia). In the 15th century they were united by the Aceh Sultanate, who captured means. territories on Sumatra and the Malacca Peninsula and established in the 16-17 centuries. in competition with the Gaul. colonizers control over the trade in pepper. The Aceh also included slaves , immigrants from peoples who participated in international trade (Malays, Minangkabau , Bugis, Javanese, Indians, Arabs). Declined at the end of the 17th century. Sultanate Aceh was subjugated by the Dutch as a result of the Aceh war of 1873-1904. As part of Indonesia since the 1950s. Aceh participated in Muslim separatist movements that grew out of the 1980s. into the civil war. They survived a humanitarian catastrophe, finding themselves in a disaster zone during an earthquake and tsunami on 12/26/2004.
They are mainly engaged in arable farming (flooded rice - on the plains, dry rice, corn - in the interior of the mountain districts). Traditional crafts - blacksmithing, pottery, weaving, jewelry, weapons; famous Aceh short daggers (renchong). The rural community (gampong) is headed by two elders - monitoring the observance of customary law (köchik) and monitoring the observance of Sharia (tyungka). In the mountain districts, patrilineal lines (kavum), tradition. scattered settlement settlements with a communal house serving for rituals and community gatherings, as well as for overnight stays for young men and guests (rooms). The housing is pile-frame-pole, has a front (male, guest) and rear (female) verandas. Clothing is characterized by mandatory wear for men and women under the sarong of trousers (luoe). Ritual food - rice with turmeric. Circumcision of girls is known, animal fights (bulls, buffalos, rams, roosters, pigeons) are organized at weddings. The dances of boys are characteristic (mepuleh). Many Acehs live in cities (most of the cities. Banda Aceh , Melabokh , Lhoksemava ).