Jacques Marie Caveignac, Viscount de Baran ( fr. Jacques-Marie Cavaignac de Baragne ; February 11, 1773 , Gourdon (Lot) - January 23, 1855 , Paris ) - French commander of the revolutionary and Napoleonic wars , lieutenant general (from 1814), division general Neapolitan Service (since 1808).
| Jacques Marie Cavenignac | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Portrait of Jacques Marie Cavaignac | ||||||
| Date of Birth | February 11, 1773 | |||||
| Place of Birth | Gourdon, Law Department | |||||
| Date of death | January 23, 1855 (81 years old) | |||||
| Place of death | Paris | |||||
| Affiliation |  France | |||||
| Type of army | Cavalry | |||||
| Years of service | 1800 - 1823 | |||||
| Rank | Division General | |||||
| Battles / wars | Battle of Austerlitz Battles while marching to Russia | |||||
| Awards and prizes |
| |||||
The name of the general is embossed on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris .
Content
Biography
Born in the family of Mayor Gourdon. Brother of Jean Baptiste Cavaignac .
At the age of 17 he entered the military service. With the rank of sub-lieutenant, he served in the Navarre Infantry Regiment.
He made a quick career participating in the military campaigns of the Revolution and the First Empire .
He served in the Northern Army, the Armies of La Rochelle and the Western Pyrenees, from 1796 to 1799 he fought in the Italian Army.
He particularly distinguished himself in March 1797 at the Battle of Valvazone (Italy). In 1798, Napoleon Bonaparte appointed him squadron commander of the 25th regiment of horse rangers directly on the battlefield. In May 1799, he was seriously wounded in the battles of Bassignano, in June 1799 he was again wounded at Voghera.
He participated in the retreat from Italy in 1799, under the command of Jean-Claude Moreau .
In April 1800 he was appointed commander of the brigade , later he was entrusted with the command of the 10th Dragoon Regiment of the division of General J. MacDonald , in November-December he participated in the transfer of French troops through the Swiss Alps , as well as the crossing of the Garigliano River.
In 1805, commanding a regiment of dragoons, he distinguished himself at the Battle of Austerlitz , for which he was awarded Napoleon the Commander Order of the Legion of Honor (December 25, 1805).
After the conclusion of the Presburg Peace , at the service of the Kingdom of Naples , from January 1806 he was the equestrian king Joseph Bonaparte , from September 1806 he was a brigadier general , in June 1808 he became a division general of the Neapolitan army, and in 1809 he was adjutant to the king of Naples Murat . The King of Naples highly appreciated his fighting qualities and appointed him commandant of Calabria .
In September 1810, he commanded the reserves of the Neapolitan army, intended for landing in Sicily .
In May 1812 he returned to French service with the rank of brigadier general and the following month he was assigned to the 3rd reserve division of the Great Army. Since July 22, 1812 - commander of the cavalry of the XI army corps. A participant in the campaign against Russia, during the retreat of the French army, commanded a reserve cavalry brigade.
On January 18, 1813 he headed the cavalry of the Xth Army Corps, General Jean Rapp , took part in the defense of Danzig, and was captured at the beginning of January 1814 when he surrendered the fortress.
He lived in Kiev . In July 1814, after the first Restoration, the Bourbons returned to France and remained without official assignment.
October 21, 1814 received the rank of lieutenant general. He remained loyal to the Emperor and during the “ 100 days ” he joined Napoleon, in April 1815 he headed the 1st Cavalry Division of the 1st Observatory, on April 23, 1815 he was placed at the disposal of the Minister of War.
After the second Restoration, in 1818 he was awarded the title of Baron , then Viscount .
He served as general inspector of cavalry, in 1850 - member of the Advisory Committee of France for cavalry and infantry.
Died in Paris. He was buried in the Pere Lachaise cemetery .
Rewards
- Knight of the Legion of Honor (1803)
- Legion of Honor Officer (June 14, 1804)
- Commander of the Legion of Honor (December 25, 1805)
- Grand Officer of the Legion of Honor (April 29, 1833)
- Commander of the Grand Cross of the Order of the Legion of Honor (October 7, 1847)