Raja rhina (lat.) Is a species of cartilaginous fish of the rhombic stingray family of the stingrays. They live in temperate waters of the east-central and northeastern Pacific Ocean between 61 ° C. w. and 22 ° c. W and between 165 ° C. D. and 110 ° C. They are found at a depth of up to 1069 m. Their large, flattened pectoral fins form a rhombic disk with an elongated snout. The maximum recorded length is 180 cm. Eggs are laid. They are the subject of fishing [1] [2] [3] .
| Raja rhina |
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| Scientific classification |
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| No rank : | Bilateral symmetrical |
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| International scientific name |
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Raja rhina Jordan & Gilbert , 1880 |
| Security status |
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Least ConcernedIUCN 3.1 Least Concern : 161595 |
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The species was first scientifically described in 1880 [4] . Species epithet comes from Greek. ῥινός - “nose”.
These demersal ramps are common in the east-central Pacific Ocean from the southeast of the Bering Sea to the Gulf of California. They live off the coast of Canada ( British Columbia , Yukon ), Mexico ( Baja California ) and the USA ( Alaska , California , Oregon , Washington ). They are found on the continental shelf and in the upper part of the continental slope at a depth of 9 to 1069 m. Rarely below 400 m are rare [2] [3] .
The broad and flat pectoral fins of these slopes form a rhombus disk with an elongated snout and rounded edges. On the ventral side of the disc are 5 gill slits, nostrils and mouth. On the long tail there are fleshy lateral folds [1] . From the base of the tail to the gap between the two dorsal fins lies the middle row of 20 spines. Behind the eyes there are 1-2 spines; the edge of the orbits is also covered with spines. The dorsal fins are small, located far on the tail. Anal fin missing. The dorsal surface of the disc is evenly brown in color; at the base of the pectoral fins there are marks in the form of dark rings, behind which there are sometimes bright spots. The ventral surface is dirty blue with dots on the outer edge [5] . The maximum recorded length is 180 cm [3] .
Like other rhombic, these stingrays lay eggs enclosed in a rigid horn capsule with protrusions at the ends. Embryos feed exclusively on yolk . The capsule is 904–13 cm long and 5.7–7.7 cm wide. Young slopes tend to follow large objects similar to their mother [3] . Males and females reach puberty with a length of 61–74 cm and 70–100 cm, aged 7–11 and 10–12 years, respectively. The maximum life expectancy is estimated at 26 years. The size of newborns is 12-17 cm. Sharks and sperm whales prey on these stingrays, eggs serve as food for mollusks [2] .
These skates are the target fishing target, by- catch . Meat is consumed as food. Currently, California’s coast has 29 protective areas with a total area of about 204 square meters. km, trawl fishing is generally declining. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assigned the conservation status of “Least Concerns” [2] .
- ↑ 1 2 Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. Family Rajidae - Skates (Neopr.) . FishBase
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Raja rhina (English) . The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Raja rhina (English) in the FishBase database.
- ↑ Jordan DS & Gilbert S. H. Description of a new species of ray, Raia rhina, from the coast of California // Proceedings of the United States National Museum. - 1880. - Vol. 3, No. (141) . - P. 251-253.
- ↑ Pacific Fishes of Canada by Hart JL - AbeBooks . www.abebooks.com. Date of treatment February 8, 2017.
- Species Raja rhina (English) in the World Register of Marine Species .
