Gainesville ( eng. Gainesville ) - a city in the United States , located in the north-eastern part of Texas , the administrative center of Cook County . According to the 2010 census, the number of inhabitants was 16,002 people, according to the US Census Bureau in 2015, 16,292 people lived in the city [1] .
| City | |
| Gainesville | |
|---|---|
| English Gainesville | |
 | |
| A country |  USA |
| State | Texas |
| County | Cook |
| History and Geography | |
| Square | 49.3 km² |
| Center height | 229 m |
| Timezone | UTC − 6 ; summer UTC − 5 |
| Population | |
| Population | 16,002 people ( 2010 ) |
| Density | 324.6 people / km² |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Telephone code | +1 940 |
| Postal codes | 76240—76241 |
| FIPS | 48-27984 |
| GNIS | |
| gainesville.tx.us | |
Content
History
Gainesville was founded in 1850 with a 16-hectare plot donated by Mary Clark [2] . Initially, residents called their settlement Liberty, but since a city with the same name already existed, one of the first settlers of Cook County, Colonel William Fitzhugh proposed to name the city in honor of General Edmund Gaines [3] . Fitzhugh served under the leadership of Gaines, who at one time sympathized with the Texas Revolution .
During the civil war in October 1862, the city was the , as a result of which 40 people supporting the Union were executed. There were unrest in the city, unknown persons killed the organizers of the raids on unionists, but in general, news in Texas was presented by newspapers in a positive manner [4] .
After the Civil War, the city grew due to the growing popularity of cattle breeding in the region. Located just 11 kilometers from the border with Oklahoma , Gainesville became an important replenishment point for the supplies of cowboys who drove cattle north to Kansas . In 1873, Gainesville received its local government. In the late 1870s, the city was one of the first in Texas, where agent Joseph Glidden from De Kalba advertised and sold a new invention - barbed wire . Since 1890, the Gainesville Daily Register has been published in the city.
In 1910, the courthouse was built, functioning to this day. The building with an octagonal rotunda was designed by the Dallas company Lang & Witchell in the Bozar style with elements of the prairie school style and influenced by the designs of Louis Sullivan [5] .
During the Second World War , the military training camp Camp Howze was located in the city. The new formation added jobs to the city, which suffered from the effects of the Great Depression and ensured stable growth of Gainesville. With the end of the war, the base was closed, its remains are now in private territory.
Geography
Gainesville is located in the central part of the county, with coordinates: [6] . Through the city flows a tributary of the Trinity River, Elm Creek [2] .
According to the US Census Bureau , the area of the city is about 49.3 square kilometers, 49.2 of which are occupied by land, and less than 0.1 is the water surface [6] .
Climate
According to the Köppen climate classification , a humid subtropical climate prevails in Gainesville [7] .
| Gainesville Climate | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicator | Jan | Feb | March | Apr | May | June | July | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Absolute maximum, ° C | 20.7 | 22.6 | 25,2 | thirty | 32.8 | 36.7 | 38 | 38,2 | 35,2 | 30.8 | 25.5 | 21,2 | 38,2 |
| Average maximum, ° C | 12 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 28 | 33 | 35 | 36 | 32 | 26 | nineteen | 13 | 25 |
| Average temperature, ° C | 6 | eight | 12 | 27 | 21 | 26 | 28 | 28 | 24 | 18 | 12 | 7 | 18 |
| Average minimum ° C | one | five | ten | 15 | 20 | 22 | 21 | 17 | eleven | five | one | eleven | |
| Absolute minimum, ° C | −20 | −24 | −13 | −3 | four | ten | ten | one | −5 | −10 | −15 | −24 | |
| Precipitation rate, mm | 40 | 50 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 50 | 50 | 890 |
| Source: weatherbase.com [8] | |||||||||||||
Population
| Population census | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census year | Us. | % ± | |
| 1880 | 2667 | ||
| 1890 | 6594 | 147.2% | |
| 1900 | 7874 | 19.4% | |
| 1910 | 7624 | -3.2% | |
| 1920 | 8643 | 13.4% | |
| 1930 | 8915 | 3.1% | |
| 1940 | 9651 | 8.3% | |
| 1950 | 11,246 | 16.5% | |
| 1960 | 13 083 | 16.3% | |
| 1970 | 13,830 | 5.7% | |
| 1980 | 14 081 | 1.8% | |
| 1990 | 14 256 | 1.2% | |
| 2000 | 15 538 | 9% | |
| 2010 | 16 002 | 3% | |
| Current 2015 | 16,292 | 1.8% | |
| 1880-2015 1920-2000, [9] 2010, 2015 [1] | |||
According to the 2010 census, 16,202 people lived in the city, there were 5,944 households and 3,914 families. The racial composition of the city: 74.7% are white , 5.1% are African - Americans , 1.3% are Native Americans, 1.3% are Asians , 0.1% (15 people) are residents of Hawaii or Oceania, 14, 2% are other races, 3.3% are two or more races. The number of Hispanic residents of any race was 28.3% [10] .
Of 5944 households, children under 18 live in 36.9%. 44.6% of households were couples living together (19.7% with children under 18 years of age), women lived without husbands in 16% of households, men lived without wives in 5.3% of households, 34.2% of households were not by families. Only one person lived in 28.5% of households, 12% were single elderly people (over 65). The average household size was 2.63. The average family size is 3.26 people [10] .
The population of the city by age range was as follows: 30.7% are residents under 20 years old, 27.2% are between the ages of 20 and 39, 27.6% are between 40 and 64, 14.3% are 65 and older . The average age is 32.8 years [10] .
According to a five-year survey from 2011 to 2015, the average household income in Gainesville is $ 39,047 a year, and the average family income is $ 44,475. The per capita income for the city is $ 20,683. About 21.3% of families and 22.2% of the population are below the poverty line. Including 36.5% of those under the age of 18 years and 8.4% of those aged 65 and over [11] .
Local government
City management is carried out by the elected mayor and the city council, consisting of six people. The city council elects a deputy mayor from among its members. To manage the city hired a city manager [12] .
Infrastructure and transport
Gainesville is located at the intersection of Interstate 35 and US 82.
Gainesville Municipal Airport is located in the city. The airport has two runways 1829 and 1313 meters long [13] . The closest commercial passenger flights are Dallas / Fort Worth International Airport , as well as Dallas / Love Field Municipal Airport, approximately 100 and 110 kilometers south of Gainesville, respectively.
Education
The city is served by the Gainesville Independent School District.
In Gainesville, there is the main college building of northern Central Texas ( Eng. North Central Texas College ). The college began work in 1924 under the name Gainesville Junior College and is thus the oldest continuously functioning college in Texas. In recent years, the college has been offering medical and healthcare programs. In 2001, the men's college baseball team won the championship of the National Athletic College Association (NJCAA ).
Economics
According to the financial report for the reporting year ending September 30, 2015, city revenues amounted to 30.1 million US dollars, and expenses 26.4 million dollars [14] .
The main employers in Gainesville are [15] :
| Company | Number of employees |
|---|---|
| Winstar world casino | 3200 |
| Zodiac | 2000 |
| Gainesville State School Teen Correctional Facility | 600 |
| North central texas college | 595 |
| Gainesville School District | 442 |
| Walmart | 396 |
| North Texas Medical Center | 350 |
| Cook County | 265 |
| Gainesville city | 214 |
| MFG-Molded Fiberglass Co. | 179 |
Recreation and Entertainment
Gainesville has a zoo , a historic train station, and a football complex with an area of about 180,000 square meters. The city has a number of parks: BP Douglas Park, Edison Park, Forsythe Transportation Skate Park, Georgia Davis Park, Heritage Park North, Heritage Park South, Home Grown Hero Walking Trail, Jaycee Park, Keneteso Park, Leonard Park, Medal of Honor Park, Moffett Park, Pecan Creek Park, Gainesville Tennis Court Area, Washington Park.
Every year in April, the city receives veterans awarded the Medal of Honor . During the visit, guests of honor are held a parade and banquet. The program of the city hosting the Medal of Honor holders pays them flights, hotels and other expenses. Winners of the medal attend schools and take part in various events where they talk about their service to the state [16] .
In October, the city hosts a railroad and train carnival, Depot Day.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015 (Gainesville, TX ) . US Census Bureau. Date of treatment January 24, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 David Minor. GAINESVILLE, TX (English) (HTML). Handbook of Texas Online . Texas State Historical Association. Date of treatment January 24, 2017.
- ↑ Gannett, Henry. The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States . - Govt. Print Off., 1905. - P. 133.
- ↑ GREAT HANGING AT GAINESVILLE (English) (HTML). Handbook of Texas Online . Texas State Historical Association. Date of treatment January 24, 2017.
- ↑ Cooke County Courthouse - Gainesville . Texas Historical Commission. Date of treatment January 24, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Gainesville city, Texas . American Factfinder . US Census Bureau. Date of treatment January 24, 2017.
- ↑ GAINESVILLE, TEXAS. CLIMATE SUMMARY weatherbase.com Weatherbase.com Date of treatment January 24, 2017.
- ↑ GAINESVILLE, TEXAS. MONTHLY - WEATHER AVERAGES SUMMARY . weatherbase.com Weatherbase.com Date of treatment January 24, 2017.
- ↑ Texas Almanac: City Population History from 1850–2000 (English) (PDF). Texasalmanac. Date of treatment January 24, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Census 2010: General Population and Housing Characteristics, Gainesville city, TX . US Census Bureau. Date of treatment January 24, 2017.
- ↑ 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. Gainesville city, TX . US Census Bureau. Date of treatment January 24, 2017.
- ↑ Form of City Government . Gainsville, TX - Official Website. Date of treatment January 24, 2017.
- ↑ KGLE - Gainesville Municipal Airport . Date of treatment January 23, 2017.
- ↑ City of Gainesville, Texas Comprehensive Annual Financial Report. Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2015 (English) (PDF). Date of treatment January 24, 2017.
- ↑ Major Employers . Gainesville Economic Development Corporation. Date of treatment January 24, 2017.
- ↑ Shafer, Dave. Valor Always Welcome (unknown) // Texas Co-op Power. - 2014 .-- March. - S. 8-11 .
Links
- Gainesville official website .
- Gainesville Chamber of Commerce .
- Gainesville North Central Texas College Site . Date of treatment June 12, 2018.
- Information about the city of Gainesville (English) (HTML). Handbook of Texas Online . Texas State Historical Association.
- Gainesville Independent School District .
- Newspaper Gainsville Daily Register .