The Karelian dialect itself ( Varsinaiskarjalan kieli , Varsinaiskarjala ) is one of the three main dialects of the Karelian language .
| Actually Karelian dialect | |
|---|---|
| Self name | Varsinaiskarjala (varsinaiskarjalan kieli) |
| Country | Russia , Finland |
| Regions | North Karelia , Central Karelia |
| Status | there is a threat of extinction |
| Classification | |
| Category | Languages of Eurasia |
Ural family
| |
| Writing | Latin ( Karelian writing ) |
| Language Codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | - |
| ISO 639-2 | - |
| ISO 639-3 | |
| Ethnologue | |
The dialect belongs to the Baltic-Finnish branch of the Finno-Ugric group of languages and is classified as an agglutinative language . An adverb is characterized by a high level of intimacy with the Finnish language and a minimum number of borrowings from the archaic Veps language compared to other adverbs . Modern adverbs are direct descendants of the Korel tribe - the ancient population of the Karelian Isthmus and Northern Ladoga .
Content
Writing
The Karelians do not have reliable information about the occurrence of writing, but in the 19th century it already existed on the basis of the Cyrillic alphabet , and in the 1930s, writing based on the Latin alphabet was introduced.
In 1989, the Karelian authorities officially approved the Karelian language alphabets. The alphabet for the proper Karelian dialect:
| A a | B b | Č č | D d | E e | F f | G g | H h |
| I i | J j | K k | L l | M m | N n | O o | P p |
| R r | S s | Š š | Z z | Ž ž | T t | U u | V v |
| Y y | Ä ä | Ö ö | '' |
In 2007, the Government of the Republic of Karelia approved a new Karelian language alphabet, common for all dialects [1] (as amended on 05/29/2014 [2] ).
| A a | B b | C c | Č č | D d | E e | F f | G g | H h | I i |
| J j | K k | L l | M m | N n | O o | P p | R r | S s | Š š |
| Z z | Ž ž | T t | U u | V v | Y y | Ä ä | Ö ö | ʼ |
Dialectology
The following dialects and subdialects are distinguished in the composition of the Karelian dialect itself:
† - dead dialects and dialects
- North Karelian (White Sea, Dvina) group:
- Keretsky
- olang
- kesteng
- deductible
- Tikhtozersky
- Ukhta
- voknavolotsky
- hietayarvsky
- Kuivar
- kontoksky
- Yushkozero
- panozersky
- poduzhemsky
- South Karelian group (dialects of Russian and Finnish Karelia):
- Tungudian
- shuezersky
- rebolsky
- ugrozersky
- padan
- Myanduselgsky
- porosozero
- ilmanch
- korbiselgsky
- suoyarvsky
- Suistamo
- impilahite
- Peripheral Group:
- Tikhvin
- Valdai
- Tver :
- Zubtsovsky (Dorojaevsky) dialect †
- Maksatikhinsky dialect
- rameshkovsky dialect
- Likhoslavl (Tolmachev) dialect
- all gonshaw
- Taldom dialect
See also
- The problem of "language or dialect"
Notes
- ↑ The Government of Karelia approved the single alphabet of the Karelian language . The official Internet portal of the Republic of Karelia (04.17.2007). Date of treatment March 19, 2015.
- ↑ Changes have been made to the single alphabet of the Karelian language . Ministry of the Republic of Karelia for National Policy (06.06.2014). Date of treatment March 19, 2015. Archived December 23, 2014.
Links
- Grammar of the Karelian language (Karelian.)
- Karelian-Russian-Finnish dictionary (Karelian) (Russian) (Finnish)
- The Law of the Republic of Karelia on state support of the Karelian, Veps and Finnish languages in the Republic of Karelia (also here) (Russian)
- The decision of the Constitutional Court of Russia on the structure of the alphabet of the state languages of the republics on a graphical basis of the Cyrillic alphabet
- Finno-Ugric Digital Library
- Electronic collection of publications in the Karelian language
- Karelian language on ParaTayp.ru - language signs; Karelian fonts
- Esa Anttikoski. Karelians.
- Karelians. From the Encyclopedia of the Nations and Religions of the World
- Uralistica - Finno-Ugric community
- International Advisory Committee of the Finno-Ugric Peoples
- "Institution Fenno-Ugria"
- National issue