Stone beam - a site of the late Paleolithic , located near the farm Nedvigovka Myasnikovsky district of the Rostov region in the tract of the river of the same name .
Monuments of the complex of these sites of ancient man belong to the Kamenno-Balkovsk culture [1] .
Content
History
Stone Beam 1 (14.5 thousand years BC, existed in a cold but wet period with an abundance of forest) and Stone Beam 2 (15.5–16 thousand years BC, its settlement is associated with a temporary improvement). climate in the Northern Azov region).
Monuments of the Stone Kamennaya were discovered by M. D. Gvozdover in 1957. Already since 1958 she headed the permanent work of the Rostov Paleolithic Expedition of the Research Institute and the Museum of Anthropology of the Moscow State University, which continued the excavation of these monuments until 1971. [2] The parking lot of Kamennaya Balka 1 was investigated intermittently from 1957 to 2005. There is a parking lot of the Third Cape, called Stone beam 3 , which was also discovered by Marianne Gvozdover in 1962. Since 1990, studies of the Third Cape site, begun by Gvozdover, have been conducted by the Lower-Donan Archeological Expedition of the State Historical Museum under the direction of N. A. Khaikunova . [2]
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| Stratigraphic scheme of Kamennaya Balka | |
The main lithological layers (packs) of Kamennaya Gully differ mainly in color: brownish-yellow, fawn, brown, reddish-brown, green. The parking lot has three cultural layers:
- In the uppermost part of the brown pack is the lower cultural layer of the site, which is about 10 cm thick. The layer’s age is estimated at 18–20 thousand years.
- In the lower part of the pale yellow pack there is a main cultural layer with a thickness of 15–20 cm. Its age is determined in the range of 13–15.7 thousand years.
- In the lower part of the brownish-fawn pack, there is an upper cultural layer with finds at the level of occurrence of 15-25 cm. Its age is estimated at 12-13 thousand years.
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| Tools of the lower cultural layer of Kamennaya Balka 2 | |
| Tools of the main cultural layer of Kamennaya Balka 2 | |
| Tools of the upper cultural layer of Kamennaya Balka 2 | |
The most thoroughly studied the site of Kamennaya Balka 2 in the cultural layers of which the researchers identified residential areas, specialized economic zones, hotbeds, clusters of flint artifacts and animal bones. [1] The basis of the collection of tools consists of the usual types of tools for Kamennobalkovsky culture: microplates with a blunted edge, incisors, scrapers, tronke, plates and chips with retouching areas, combined tools, cusps and punctures, chisels and scaly tools, toothed-out tools. This parking is a supporting monument of the Kamiennobalkovsky complex of parking. It presents three cultural layers, which are remnants of three Upper Paleolithic settlements of different periods.
According to many researchers, the monuments of the Kamennobalkovsky culture are very similar to a certain stage of development of the Imereti culture, and through it - to the Paleolithic of the Middle East. [2]
Bibliography
- Nb Leonova , E.A. Vinogradov . Specific accumulations of cultural residues in the Upper Paleolithic site Kamennaya Balka 2.
See also
- Selet culture
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Medvedev S.P. Klad from the upper cultural layer of the Late Paleolithic site Kamennaya Balka II (Inaccessible link) . The date of circulation is January 20, 2017. Archived March 6, 2016.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Multi-layered monument of the Upper Paleolithic of the Northern Azov Sea Kamennaya Balka II