Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran

From 1699 to 1907 , the Iranian government was headed by chief ministers , who were appointed by the Shah of Iran .

Qajar Dynasty

During the constitutional revolution of 1905-1911. in Qajar Iran, on August 1, 1906, the first Basic Law was adopted and a parliament , the Mejlis , has been created. In accordance with the Basic Law, instead of the post of Grand Vizier, the post of Prime Minister was created, and Mirza Nasrulla Khan was first to take it.

The last prime minister in 1923 was Reza Khan Sardar Sepah , who overthrew the Qajar dynasty in 1925 and proclaimed himself the new Shah of the Pahlavi dynasty.

Pahlavi Dynasty

In 1925, Reza Shah appointed Mohammed Ali Foragui ^[2] to the post of prime minister. In 1941, the son of Reza Shah, Mohammed Reza Pahlavi , reassigned the Forum to the post of Prime Minister , became the shah. In 1953, Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh led a coup d'état , but he himself was overthrown by loyal forces of the Shah.

The last prime minister before the 1979 Islamic revolution was Shapur Bakhtiar .

Islamic Republic of Iran

In 1979, Ayatollah Khomeini appointed Mehdi Bazargan to the post of prime minister of the provisional government, who resigned in November due to the crisis with the American hostages . The post remained vacant until Abolhasan Banisadr , elected president in January 1980, chose Mohammad Ali Rajai as his prime minister, mainly due to pressure from members of the Islamic Republican Party in the Mejlis . Rajai was in this position until the impeachment of Banisadru in June 1981 , after which he was elected to his post in the July 24 elections. Rajai appointed Mohammad-Javad Bahonar as his prime minister, but both died on August 30 as a result of the terrorist attack carried out by the MJAHP .

In October 1981, Ali Khamenei was elected president of the Islamic Republic. He proposed the representative of right wing Ali Akbar Velayati for the post of prime minister, but the left, who had a majority in parliament, supported the candidacy of Mir-Hossein Mousavi . The dispute was resolved by the intervention of Ayatollah Khomeini, who advised the president to approve Mousavi. He held this post until 1989 , when amendments were made to the constitution that abolished the post of prime minister and divided his duties between the president and the newly created post of vice president .

The Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran operates on the basis of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran. On the basis of Article 3 of the Basic Law of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran is called upon to use all its capabilities to achieve the goals listed in Article 2 for:

1. creating a favorable atmosphere for the further development of moral virtues based on faith, piety and the fight against all manifestations of depravity and decline;
2. raising the awareness of the people in all areas through the proper use of the press and other media;
3. providing free education and physical education for all and at all levels, as well as facilitating access to higher education;
4. strengthening the initiative and spirit of research in all areas of science, technology, culture and Islam by creating research centers and encouraging researchers;
5. a complete rejection of colonialism and the prevention of foreign influence;
6. the elimination of all despotism, authoritarianism and monopolism;
7. ensuring political and social freedoms within the law;
8. ensuring the participation of all people in political, economic, social and cultural self-determination;
9. eliminate unjustified discrimination and create fair conditions for all and in all material and spiritual spheres;
10. creating the right administrative system and eliminating unnecessary structures;
11. the greatest strengthening of the national defensive potential with the help of universal military education in order to preserve the independence, territorial integrity and Islamic system in the country;
12. creating a proper and fair economy based on Islamic norms to ensure wealth, eliminate poverty and all sorts of deprivations in food, housing, work and health care, as well as the spread of insurance;
13. ensuring self-reliance and self-sufficiency in science, technology, industry, agriculture, the military field, etc .;
14. ensuring the full rights of citizens, regardless of gender, ensuring security through fair justice for all and equality of all before the law;
15. development and strengthening of Islamic fraternity and cooperation among people;
16. developing a country's foreign policy based on Islamic criteria for establishing a fraternal alliance with all Muslims and selfless support for the oppressed world ^[3] .

The government of Iran consists of the President of the Islamic Republic of Iran , vice-presidents and ministers ^[4] :

List of Iranian Prime Ministers