Olshevo - a village in the Svirsky Village Council ( Myadel district , Minsk region , Belarus ). The village is located near the P95 Lintupy - Smorgon road. Near the village flows the river Stracha . Nearby is the reserve "Blue Lakes" of the National Park "Narochansky ", which was called Byelorussian Switzerland under Poland.
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| Olshevo | |
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| A country | |
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Content
- 1 History
- 1.1 The Age of Feudalism
- 1.2 The Age of Capitalism
- 2 At the present stage
- 3 Famous residents and natives
- 4 Attractions
- 5 notes
- 6 Literature
- 7 References
History
The Age of Feudalism
During the time of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Olshevo estate, together with neighboring Baksti, belonged to the Gastolds family.
On July 7, 1468 , Jan Gastolt, son of Peter Gastolt, together with his wife Ekaterina Petkova and children granted the diploma to the Vilnius Franciscans at the Virgin Mary on the Sands. The letter contained 10 barrels from the Olshevo yard - 5 live and 5 vegetables, one barrel of wheat and peas, one pig each year with an obligation to perform two weekly services - one for the living, the second for the dead and a week of prayers at the commemoration after their death [1 ] .
Then the ownership passed to the Kotels, whose residence was in Baksti. Subsequently, Olshev was owned by the rich families of the Guts, Kozell-Poklevsky.
As the dowry of Anna Kozell-Poklevskaya, the estate was transferred to the clerk of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Ludwig Yakub at Baksti Hominsky (d. In 1739 ).
Ludwig Yakub Khominsky was an entrepreneurial owner: in Viliya and Neman he sent local goods to the market in Krulevets ( Königsberg ). He brought expensive wines and Venetian mirrors from Krulevets. He moved his residence to Olshevo.
In 1847, the Olszewo estate in the Sventsian district of the Vilnius province belonged to General Stanislav Khominsky. The estate was inhabited by 17 household peasants. In addition to the master’s court in Olshevo, the estate included Bakshty folklore, 4 dungeons (Yanov, Kharevschizna, Tolkunets, Kavalevschina) and 8 villages.
On the way from Sventsian there were 2 taverns - Olshevskaya and Pogulianka.
In 1855, the estate had a distillery, a water mill, a sawmill.
In 1861 , the estate belonged to the landowner Khominsky. The estate had 347 male serf souls (including 18 domestic) and 61 courtyards. The total comfortable land on the estate was 915 tithes (2.8 tithes per capita). The value of the money levy amounted to corvee 4 rubles 50 kopecks. Natural duties from each yard were carried out as follows: to straighten out two talcum trees, the guard and the night guard in turn. The drive was served for 156 days from the yard for serf souls male and female. The drive was 6 days for male showers [2]
The Age of Capitalism
In 1890, a steam engine worked at the distillery.
In 1904, on the site of a modern village, an estate (35 inhabitants) and a tract (9 inhabitants) of the Svir volost of Sventsian district . The estate operated a state-owned liquor store.
In 1907 , the Olszew Chronicle was first published in Polish in Vilna. The chronicle also contained a Polish translation of the Statute of the Grand Duchy of 1529 [3] .
In 1921, the Olshevo estate as part of Middle Lithuania . Since 1924 - in the Svirsky Commune of the Sventsian Poveet of the Vilnius Voivodeship.
In February 1921 , a Belarusian school operated in Olshevo (38 students), which was subsequently closed by the Polish authorities [4] .
During the First World War, German troops laid a narrow gauge railway through the village to the front line ( Lyntupy - Kobylnik ).
In 1930, the Olshevo estate, owned by Ludwig Khominsky and his wife Stefania, totaled 3,642 hectares.
In 1935 , the Vilnius photographer Jan Bulgak published the book Naroch - the largest lake in Poland , which contains a description of the manor and the park in Olszewo.
Since October 12, 1940 - as part of the Kutkovsky village council of the Svirsky district of the Vileyka region .
Since September 20, 1944 - as part of the Molodechno region .
Since August 31, 1959 - as part of the Myadel region ; since January 20, 1960 - as part of the Minsk region .
In 1960, there were 177 inhabitants in the village. Since 1964, as part of the farm "Konstantinovo" (center in the village of Komarovo).
In 1966 , a pioneer camp operated in Olshevo for three weeks, in which 96 schoolchildren rested. [5]
Since September 4, 1991 - as part of the Konstantinovo collective farm.
As of January 1, 1997 - 29 yards, 55 residents.
At the present stage
In 2012, 25 people lived in Olshevo. As of January 1, 2017 - 23 residents.
Famous residents and natives
- Khominsky Stanislav Faddeevich
- Khominsky Alexander Stanislavovich
- Khominsky Ludwig Alexandrovich
Attractions
- Manor house in Olshevo
- Catholic cemetery
Notes
- ↑ Kodeks dyplomatyczny katedry i diecezji wileńskiej = Codex diplomaticus ecclesiae cathedralis necnon Dioeceseos Vilnensis. - T. 1. (1387-1507). Wydali Jan Fijałek i Władysław Semkowicz. - Kraków, 1948. - s. 295-296.
- ↑ Extract from descriptions of landowner estates of 100 souls and above. Vilna province.- B.M. - S. 32-33.
- ↑ Kodeks Olszewski Chomińskiego, Wielkiego księstwa Litewskiego i Zmódzkiego kronika / Podług rękopisu z roku 1550 wydał S. Ptaszycki. - Wilno, 1907.
- ↑ National Archives of the Republic of Belarus (ON RB). - F.325, question 1, ref. 173, ark. 78A-79; Praratsky V. Stanaklenne i pachatkova razvitstso belarusian schools in the school teachers and students of the Myadzelskag rayon // Our Karani: Ilustravani chasopіs krajaznaўtsa Paazer'ya. - Pastas, 2003. - No. 5. - S.25-29.
- ↑ Charnyaski M. We have in Myadzelshchyn // Yes, new peramog. - No. 88 (3369). - 26 lіpenya 1966
Literature
- Pamyatsky: Gistoryka-dakumentalnaya chronika Myadzelskaga raёnu. - Minsk: “Belarus Etsyklapedyya” name Petrusya Brokki, 1998.- P.561.
- Gіl M., Draўnіcki Ya. Former siadzіby i parkі Paazer'ya. Myadzelshchyn. - Pastas: Sumezha, 2008.
- Sharashenski A. The good glory of the Alshekskih horses // Narachanskaya Zara. - No. 153 (4628). - 23 snowshoe 1976
- Aftanazy R. Dzieje rezydencji na dawnych kresach Rzeczypospolitej. Cz. 1. T.4.- Wroclaw. - 1993 .-- S.254-257.
- Bułhak J. Narocz największe jezioro w Polsce: z 38 ilustracjami autora.- Wilno, 1935.
Links
- Olszew Chronicle