Gornozavodsky district

Located in the eastern part of the region . It has borders with Kizelovsky , Gremyachinsky , Chusovsky districts and Lysvensky urban district of the Perm Territory, as well as with the Sverdlovsk region . The area of ​​the district is 7065.0 km ², which is 4.4% of the total area of ​​the Perm Territory.

The district is located in the western foothills and the mountains of the Middle Urals proper. The relief of the eastern part of the region is dominated by low mountains, forming two mountain ranges: the western (separate mountain elevations) and eastern (gently sloping wilderness ridges separated by saddles, up to 600 m high in the upper Usva ). In the western part there is a rolling and hilly relief, which takes the form of "mountains" in places of deep incision of river valleys. The territory is karst. Mineral resources: quartzites , marble , refractory clays, glass sands, chromite ores (the largest Saranovskoye deposit in the country), iron ores, gold . There is the only uvarovite deposit in the country - an emerald green garnet jewelry. Climatic conditions become more severe when moving from south-west to northeast: the amount of precipitation increases, the humidity of the air increases; average annual air temperature decreases.

The Vilva , Vizhay , Koiva , Usva rivers (upstream) flow through the territory. An important role in water supply is played by groundwater.

Soils - mountain forest. Dark coniferous taiga dominates in the vegetation cover. In the north of the district is located part of the reserve Basegi . The reserve serves as a standard of nature of the mountain central part of the western Urals . Three vertical landscape belts are presented - mountain-tundra (alpine), subalpine ( subalpine ) and mountain-forest. Rare species of plants: Shiverekia mountain ( USSR Red Book ), evading peony , Rhodiola rosea , Rhodiola iremelskaya . The area contains the Voronovsky reserve, geological monuments - the Pashyysky cave , Sokolya Gora , Teremok Arch , botanical reserves, landscape monuments and others.

The development in the 16th century by the natives of Russia of the territories lying on both sides of the Chusovaya River and transferred to Stroganov's everlasting possession did not affect the territory of the modern Gorno-Zavodsky district. The widespread development of the region began from the beginning of the 17th century , when iron ores were discovered in the area of ​​the Koiva and Vizhaya rivers. In 1751, Kusier-Aleksandrovsky was built, in 1785 - Pashyysky, in 1786 - 1789 . - Beersky metallurgical plants. A new stage of economic development of the region is associated with the completion of the construction of the Perm - Yekaterinburg road ( 1879 ). In 1834, the Teplogorsk Iron Foundry was commissioned. In the first half of the twentieth century, many metallurgical enterprises were closed or re-specialized. At the same time, intensive use of non-metallic mineral and forest resources begins. The construction of a cement plant and the city of Gornozavodsk is connected with the first one.

On November 4, 1965, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, the workers' settlement Novopashysky transformed the city of regional subordination to the city of Gornozavodsk . By the same decree Gornozavodsky district was formed with the center in the city of Gornozavodsk ^[7]

The main part of settlements in the area is located along the Perm - Nizhny Tagil railway and along the entire length of the r. Koiva The population density is 5.1 people. on 1 km ². For the last 5 years, a significant decrease in natural growth is characteristic. The trend of exceeding the exit over the entrance, characteristic of the second half of the 1980s, was replaced by the reverse. According to the 1989 census, the number of inhabitants is predominant: Russians (85.7%), the second place in terms of numbers belongs to the Tatars (5.6%). The area is also inhabited by Ukrainians , Belarusians , Bashkirs , etc. The percentage of the female population is 51.6. The proportion of the working population is 55.1%; more than 35% are employed in industry (about 39% in forestry; about 32% in construction industry).

Urbanization

In urban conditions (the city of Gornozavodsk and 9 workers' settlements) live 97.06% of the population of the district.

In Gornozavodsky municipal district in 2006—2018 7 municipalities were included, including 1 urban and 6 rural settlements, as well as 1 inter-settlement territory without the status of a municipality ^[19] :

In Gornozavodsky area 19 settlements.

The leading sectors of the region's economy are: the building materials industry, the forest industry, engineering and metalworking, metallurgy. For the industry of the region in recent years has been characterized by a drop in the level of production.

The building materials industry, which occupies a leading place in the district’s economic structure, is represented by the well known in the country JSC Gornozavodskcement, located in the center, and the metallurgical and cement plant in the village of Pashiya, specializing in the production of pig iron, various types of cement: fast-setting, hardening under water, heat resistant. The main products of the Rudnaya mine, the mining industry in the village of Sarany, are chrome ore and concentrates. The Foundry- Mechanical Plant in Thermal Mountain produces sanitary equipment. Currently not working. Reforestation and protection of forests in the area is carried out only on paper. Due to unfavorable natural conditions, there are no large agricultural enterprises located in the district.

Enterprises of the building materials industry, logging enterprises have the most extensive economic ties with other regions of Russia and the CIS. The future of the area is largely connected with them, but the ripe forest stands in the area are running out.

The main transport highway of the region is the Perm-Nizhny Tagil railway. Electrified, single-track, having regular passenger service. The main stations are Pashiya, Beads, Vizhay, Teplaya Gora . From the main highway there are departmental railway lines to the villages of Sarana, Pashiya, a branch line to the village Srednyaya Usva was dismantled in the early 90s. The length of paved roads is about 50 km. With the completion of the construction of a road with asphalt concrete pavement going from the Kungur - Solikamsk - Gornozavodsk highway, the district received another reliable exit to other districts of the region. The district center is connected by roads with asphalt concrete pavement to the settlements of Pashiya and Kusye-Aleksandrovsky.

For a number of indicators, the level of social infrastructure development is higher than the regional average (housing provision - 16.5 m² of total area per person; provision with places in kindergartens - 115.1 children per 100 places; security with a trade area - 292 m² per 1000 people; provision with places at catering establishments - 89 per 1000 people). Below the average regional indicator of places in club institutions, the volume of personal services sold to the population, indicators of the average monthly salary, production of goods per capita, retail turnover.

The system of public education in the district includes 10 kindergartens, 13 secondary schools, 1 technical school. In 1991, there were 18 film installations in the area. In the district are being built: a hospital in the village of Sarana, a dispensary in the village of Teplaya Gora, a school in the village of Novovilvensky.

On the territory of the district there are many rivers with picturesque valleys and with great potential for recreational development. In the area of ​​Vilva, therapeutic mud was found.

In 1991, more than 89 thousand tons of pollutants were emitted into the atmosphere of the district, more than 3 thousand m³ of wastewater was discharged into water bodies, of which more than 1 thousand m³ were not treated. The main sources of air pollution and rivers are: JSC Gornozavodskcement, a metallurgical and cement plant in the village of Pashiya , a foundry-mechanical plant in the village of Teplaya Gora , and Teplogorsk and Pashi gravel pits. The scattering ability of the atmosphere is low. Extremely intensively exploited forest resources.

• Official site of the Administration of the Gornozavodsky district of the Perm region
• Decision of August 30, 2006