"Edward" ( Eng. Edward ; Child 13 , Roud 200 [1] ) - Anglo - Scottish folk ballad . Francis James Child in his meeting cites two versions of her text. The first was recorded by D. Dalrymple and published by Thomas Pursey in his Monuments of Ancient English Poetry in 1765. Another version of written down by a certain Mrs. King from Kilbarkhan and published in 1825. He notes that his version seems to be earlier, also paying attention to the fact that in this version of the hero the name is Davy. Motherwell points out that the name "Edward" appears in Scottish ballads only with reference to the English king, and admits that Dalrymple made changes to the text. Bertrand Bronson suggests that the one who made the change was Percy [2] [3] [4] .
Edward’s plot dialogue is similar to Lizie Wan’s ballad ( Eng. Lizie Wan ; Child 51), and some researchers draw parallels with The Twa Brothers ; Eng. 49 [3] .
Content
Story
The text of the ballad takes the form of a dialogue. A mother asks her son, named Edward: whose blood is on his sword? He replies that he killed his falcon, then he talks about the horse, but his mother does not believe any of the explanations. Edward confesses that this is the blood of his father (in another version - his brother). Deeply repenting, he says that he will doom himself to exile, leaving his possessions in desolation, and his family in poverty. In the last stanza, he curses his mother, who, as it turns out, pushed him to a fatal act [2] .
Ballads with a similar plot are recorded everywhere in Northern Europe . Belonging to the common Scandinavian type of ballads TSB D 320, they are present in Swedish (SMB 153, 4 versions), Danish (DgF 340), Icelandic (iFkv 76), Norwegian and Finnish (there is probably borrowing from Swedish) folklore [2] .
Russian translation
For the first time in 1839 Karolina Pavlova translated the ballad into Russian. In 1871, it was also translated by Alexei Konstantinovich Tolstoy (from the German translation of Herder, later edited), and in 1875, Peter Isaevich Weinberg [2] .
Adaptations
- Johannes Brahms twice used the Percy version in his work: in The Ballads, Op. 10 (1854) and opus 75, no. 1 (1870s).
- The German translation of the Pursey version was put to music by Karl Leve in his Op. 1, No. 1 (1817/18), as well as Franz Schubert in D. 923 (1827).
- Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky used the translation of A. K. Tolstoy in Six Duos with Piano, Op. 46, No. 2 (1880) [5] .
Notes
- ↑ Vaughan Williams Memorial Library
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 English and Scottish Folk Ballad: Compilation / Comp. L. M. Arinstein. - M: Rainbow, 1988 .-- 512 p. - ISBN 5-05-001852-8 .
- ↑ 1 2 Edward [Child 13] . The Traditional Ballad Index. An annotated source to folk song from the English-speaking world . Robert B. Waltz. Date of treatment January 1, 2017.
- ↑ Bertrand Bronson. Edward, Edward, A Scottish Ballad // The Ballad as Song (essays on ballads). - University of California Press, 1969. - S. 1-17.
- ↑ "Six Duets" , Tchaikovsky Research