The Serbian Progressive Party ( Srpska is a stranger , aforesaid ) was one of the four most important political parties in the Kingdom of Serbia before the First World War . The party existed from 1881 to 1896, then again from 1906 to 1919. It also functioned in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes from 1920 to 1925. It was created by the so-called young conservatives in 1881, and was the first political party in Serbia.
| Serbian Progressive Party | |
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| Srpska one way | |
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The party demanded the strengthening of the national assembly, budget law, the accountability of ministers, decentralization through communal self-government, freedom of the press, judicial independence, civil rights and freedoms, education and economic reform, and the people's army. In foreign policy, he sought cooperation with the Serbs in the Diaspora, and with all Slavic peoples. In its first period in power, it ensured freedom of the press, creation of associations and assembly, for the first time leads free elections in Serbia and on the basis of parliamentarism, and works under an amnesty for all political prisoners.
In the second stage, at one extreme, they opposed the ideas of liberalism, which ended with the dissolution of the party by a court decision in 1896. Former members re-established the party in 1906, returning to their original liberal ideas. SPP is becoming less of an opposition party, and a moderate liberal conservative, up to unification in the Democratic Party.
Content
History
Kingdom of Serbia
It was established in January 1881 around a group of young conservatives who gathered around the newspaper Videlo (Svet). The first members of the Progressive Party were Milan Pirochanac (first president, until 1886), Milutin Garashanin (second president, until 1898), Nardep Novakovich (president after the restoration of 1906) and Chedomil Miyatovich. Usually they are considered to be the successors of a group of old conservatives ( Ilya Garashanin , Ioann Marinovich, Daniil Stefanovich, Nikola and Filipp Khristich, George Tsenich, Costa Zukich), but the leaders of the foremen were much more liberal and modern.
SPP came to power with the support of the Duke of Milan Obrenovic and pursued its liberal reforms, being convinced that this is the only way to real independence and the progress of Serbia. At first they were allied with the radicals , but they quickly entered into conflict over power and political principles. Adopted the first and foremost laws on education, the courts, political parties, the National Bank and the standing army. After the Timoki uprising of 1883 and the Serbian-Bulgarian war in 1885, it became dependent on the king of Milan, but also unpopular among the people. After 1887 he is in opposition. 140 predecessors were killed in revenge in 1889 , when the radicals formed a government.
In 1895, the government formed Stoyan Novakovich, and at the end of 1896 . after the fall of the government, the party is dissolved. A part of the forerunners participated in the government with the radicals of Nikolai Pasich in 1901-1902. On January 30, 1906, the party was restored under the leadership of Novakovich (Garashanin died in 1898). Then the progressive club was founded. Until 1919 , there were several opposition deputies in parliament, with the exception of 1909, when Novakovich during the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina .
In 1914, under the leadership of Zhivokin Peritsch, a small number of predecessors founded the Conservative Party.
After World War I
After World War I, along with the liberals and some radicals, most of the Serb and lesser Croatian wings of the Croatian-Serb coalition, took part in the creation of the Democratic Party of Lubomir Davidovich
Literature
- On the way // New Encyclopedic Dictionary : In 48 volumes (29 volumes out). - SPb. , Pg. , 1911-1916.
- Stokes, Gale. Politics as Development: The Emergence of Political Parties in Nineteenth Century Serbia . - Duke University Press, 1990.
- Popović-Obradović, Olga. Kakva ili kolika država ?: Ogledi o političkoj i društvenoj istoriji Srbije XIX – XXI veka. - Helsinški odbor za ljudska prava, 2008 .-- ISBN 9788672081558 .
- Institute of Slavic Studies. Slavic peoples: a common history and culture: on the occasion of the 70th birthday of Vladimir Konstantinovich Volkov, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. - Indrik, 2000. - ISBN 5857591287 , 9785857591284.
- A. L. Shemyakin. The ideology of Nikola Pasic. - Indrik, 1998.