Shavykina desert

The island is a remnant 1.5 km long and up to 200 m wide, bounded from the east by the Dubna River and from the west by its old lady Bystritsa, rises 1-2 meters above the marshy floodplain. On the island there is a forest (birch-aspen mixed with lime and oak) ^[1] .

According to a study by the historian Mikhail Vladimirovich Tolstoy , two Assumption Dubna monasteries were founded ^[2] .

The first of them was founded in 1379 by order of the Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy Sergius of Radonezh on the river Dubenka in Stromyni with the church in honor of the Assumption of the Most Holy Mother of God. Leontius was appointed hegumen to this monastery. In 1616 the monastery was assigned to the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, and in 1764 abolished ^{[2] [3]} .

The second, also called Shavykina desert, was founded after the victory in the Kulikovo battle . Prince Dmitry Donskoy, returning after the victory to Sergius of Radonezh , asks him to establish a monastery in gratitude for the victory over the Mongol khan Mamai . Sergius, having called the prince, founded with him a church and a monastery in honor of the Assumption of the Most Holy Theotokos. Igumen was appointed a student of Sergius - Savva Zvenigorodsky (Storozhevsky) ^[2] .

In the monastery he became a monk and for some time was its hegumen Serapion , later becoming the archbishop of Novgorod ^{[2] [4]} .

In addition to the Assumption Church, the monastery was the Church of the Annunciation, both of which were wooden ^[4] . The first church was named Assumption, probably because the meeting of Sergius of Radonezh and Dmitry Donskoy before the Kulikovo battle took place on August 12, 1380, that is, a few days before the holiday of the Assumption ^[5] . The consecration of the second temple in honor of the Annunciation could have been associated with Kiriopaskha (the coincidence of the Easter and Annunciation holidays) in 1380.

The monastery was abolished in 1765 . The last abbot of the monastery was the elder Leonty, who, according to legend, died in the abolished monastery and was buried in it ^[2] . It is known that in 1775 he transferred from the closed monastery to the church in the neighboring village of Zabolotye the icon of the Savior and the icon of the Mother of God of Iveron . According to legend, the Iveron Icon inexplicably was again in place of a closed monastery. Next, the icon was in the church of the village of Zakubezhie, and every year in the week of the Triumph of Orthodoxy, the procession was transferred to the chapel in the place of the closed desert ^[4] . Currently located in the Kazan Church of the village Shemetovo ^[6] .

The locations of the thrones were later marked by chapels (they have not survived to date) ^[2] . During the procession in them a small consecration of water and lithium was performed. ^[four]

In the study of the monastery in 1859, M. V. Tolstoy recorded the following desert names ^{[2] [1]} :

• "Assumption Dubna Shavykinskaya desert" - on the board with the image of the monastery under the Iberian icon;

• "The Assumption Shavykinskaya desert" - in the altar Gospel of the Annunciation Church of the monastery;
• "The Assumption Savvin and the Serapion Monastery in Shavykino" - on the Savior icon, transferred by the last abbot of the monastery to the church in the village of Zabolot'e ;
• "Shavykinskaya desert" - on the altar cross of the Assumption Church of the monastery.

Vasily Orlov in the “Description of Churches and Parishes of the Vladimir Diocese” indicates the names ^{[7] [1]} :

• "Assumption Dubna Chevyakin desert" - on the board with the image of the monastery under the Iberian icon;
• "Assumption Shevyakina desert" - in the altar Gospel of the Annunciation Church of the monastery;

• “Shavykina Pustyn” - on the altar cross from the Assumption Church of the monastery;
• "Assumption Monastery" - on the censer .

In the writings of the archbishop of Novgorod Macarius ("The Great Minees of Chetia" ), V. V. Zverinsky and E. E. Golubinsky called "The Assumption Dubensky Monastery on the Island" ^[1] .

Archeology

A detachment of the Moscow archaeological expedition of the Institute of Archeology of the USSR Academy of Sciences conducted archaeological research on Prince Island in 1989 and 1990. Traces of buildings were found, as well as a large number of ceramic and tile samples ^[1] .

On June 11, 2001, on the site of the monastery, a five-meter cross and a memorial sign with the inscription: “Here at the end of the XIV century, after the victory in the Battle of Kulikovo, the holy blessed Prince Dimitri Donskoy founded a monastery in honor of the Dormition of the Most Holy Mother of God” ^[8] .

The tradition of religious procession has been resumed - now it is performed every year in August from the Assumption Church of the Zakubezhie village to the Shavykina desert. The total length of the procession is about 16 kilometers ^{[9] [10]} .

Chernov S.Z. Assumption Dubensky Shavykin monastery in the light of archaeological data. // Culture of medieval Moscow XIV-XVII centuries. / ed. L. A. Belyaev, T.I. Makarova, B.A. Rybakova. - M .: Science, 1995. - p. 123-270. - 271 s. - ISBN 5-02-011229-1 .

Tolstoy M. V. A few words about the Assumption Dubensky Monastery / / Readings in the Society of Russian History and Antiquities at Moscow University . - M .: University Printing House, 1860. - T. 1. - p. 45-50. - 686 s.

Stromilov N. S. Uspensky Dubensky Monastery, formerly in Aleksandrovsky District (Vladimir Province). // Vladimir Provincial Gazette (unofficial part). - Vladimir, 1883. - № 24, 25 .

Averyanov K.A. Rev. Savva Storozhevsky: “white spots” of biography // Church History Bulletin. - 2006. - № 4 .

Orlov V.I. Aleksandrovsky Uyezd // Description of the churches and parishes of the Vladimir diocese. - Vladimir: PF Printing House Novgorodskoy, 1886. - T. 1. - p. 57-60. - 198 p.

Nikolsky A. I. Leonty (Rev. Stromynsky) // Russian Biographical Dictionary / Ed. under the supervision of the chairman of the Imperial Russian Historical Society A. A. Polovtsov. - SPb. , 1896-1918. - T. 10.