Aksai Military History Museum

The Aksai Military History Museum was opened on October 28, 1948 as a school museum at Aksai Secondary School No. 1 by a history teacher, later a member of the USSR Writers' Union Alexander Nikolaevich Skripov. The first exhibits were archaeological objects found by schoolchildren and their teacher at Kobyakovo settlement . Residents of the old Cossack village of Aksay brought to the school museum household items, ancient coins and banknotes, weapons, documents with old photographs, ceramics, glass, wood, icons, awards ^[3] . All this became the basis of the museum's funds. With the help of teachers and students, the exposition was arranged in a specially designated room of the school ^[1] .

Constant replenishment of the exhibition with individual items and entire collections allowed the museum to open all new exhibitions. The search work of schoolchildren and their teachers in the direction of the history of the Great Patriotic War , the liberation of the village from the Nazi invaders formed a section that allowed, through the exposition, to tell about the soldiers-liberators and Heroes of the Soviet Union , natives of Aksai.

In 1984, the school museum under the leadership of the historian-local historian Vladimir Dmitrievich Gladchenko was awarded the honorary title of the “National Museum”. March 30, 1987, he became a branch of the Starocherkassk Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve. In October 1992, there was a transformation into an independent institution “Museum of the history of the city of Aksai” ^[2] .

Since 1996, the entire collection of the museum is distributed to the main and scientific support fund, each of which consists of the collections: “Archeology”, “Geological and Mineralogical”, “Gramophone records”, “Tree”, “Documents”, “Painting, Graphics”, "Maps, Plans", "Ceramics, Glass", "Books, Newspapers, Magazines", "Metal", "Numismatics", "Weapons", "Postcards", "Posters, Leaflets", "Devices", "Others", “Fabrics, leather, life”, “Photos”, “Labels, brands”, “Precious metals” ^[3] .

“Suvorov's House”

The curia of a prosperous Cossack Rudukhin of the beginning of the 18th century is the oldest surviving Aksai building. It spent the winter of 1783-84 Russian commander Alexander Suvorov . The two-story building was built in the Cossack style: the lower floor is stone, the upper is wooden. The northern facade is decorated with columns ^[4] .

Customs outpost

The customs outpost is an underground structure built in the middle of the XVIII century. Here, since 1991 (restructured in 2004), there has been an exhibition entitled “The History of the Customs Service on the Lower Don in the Second Half of the 18th Century”. The exhibition presents cold and firearms of that era, maps, documents and household items of customs ^[4] . The fortification facility has numerous underground passages and halls with an area of ​​about 350 m² ^[2] .

Post Station

The Postal Station is an architectural complex of residential and commercial buildings, recreating the appearance of a typical postal station of the XIX century. On the territory are located the home of the postal superintendent, the building of the hotel, a well, a coach house and a gazebo for recreation. The station is an object of cultural heritage of Russia ^[5] . Alexander Pushkin , Mikhail Lermontov , Alexander Griboedov , Leo Tolstoy , Pyotr Tchaikovsky , Nikolay Raevsky , the exiled Decembrists proceeded to the Aksai post station in different years ^[6] . The museum complex “Postal Station” has been open to the public since 1992. On the territory there are two permanent exhibitions:

• the exhibition "Mail in Aksai", which presents items related to the postal service of the Cossacks in the XIX century. The exhibition continued at the compound of the complex, in the building of the carriage shed and in the courtyard a unique collection of horse-drawn transport of the late XIX - early XX century - tracks , sleds , carriages , phaetons and briches ^[4] .
• exhibition "Cossack House", which presents the original pieces of furniture, icons, dishes, fabrics, tools, tools and household utensils.

Every year, on the first Saturday of June, the “Pushkin holiday” takes place at the postal station, in honor of A. Pushkin’s visit to the village of Aksayskaya in 1820 and 1829 ^[1] .

Military history complex

The military-historical complex named after the twice Hero of the Soviet Union Nikolai Gulayev is located on the territory of the Mukhina Gul nature reserve. It includes the former underground headquarters of the North Caucasus Military District , built in 1960 in case of a nuclear war . The two-tier bunker has an extensive system of corridors, equipped with hermetic doors, many rooms and vast halls. In the years of perestroika, the building was abandoned. The exposition was organized by the efforts of museum workers on the object. In 1998, the strategic complex received its first visitors ^[7] . The museum houses Soviet and Russian military equipment of the 20th century: tanks , armored personnel carriers , infantry combat vehicles , MiG-23 and An-2 aircraft, anti-aircraft and artillery guns including the 1909 howitzer gun, ZIS-3 anti-tank guns ^{[4 ]} . There is an exhibition “Infantry of the Red Army and Wehrmacht”, where firearms and uniforms of the Great Patriotic War are presented ^[1] .