Bryukhovichsky Fort ( Ukrainian: Bryukhovitsky Fort , another name - Zyavlenska Gora ( Z'yavlenska Gora )) is a fortification on the outskirts of Lviv , one of 11 forts that was supposed to provide circular defense of the city.
| Sight | |
| Bryukhovichsky Fort | |
|---|---|
| A country | |
| Location | |
| Established | |
The fort is located in the village of Bryukhovichi , northwest of Lviv, on a steep hill called Zyavlenska Gora, near the Bryukhovichi cemetery and forestry.
Description
The fort occupies an advantageous position on a high hill, which on three sides (from the north, west and south) has steep slopes and from which it was possible to see the surrounding valleys for many kilometers. The fort consists of several covered galleries with loopholes built of brick (wall) and concrete (ceilings, parapets), as well as a network of trenches. At the very top of the hill, above the galleries, in the recess, are two hiding places . From the east, the hill is connected by a narrow bridge with other hills of the Bryukhovichsky forest . A dirt road has been laid to the fort (preserved to this day), which in many places is protected by a rampart.
History
The beginning of the construction of the fort dates back to 1887. Then the authorities of the Austro-Hungarian Empire understood that the aggressive policy of the Russian Empire could, in the end, lead to a major war. Therefore, it was decided to strengthen some cities of Galicia , in particular Lviv and Przemysl (see Peremyshl fortress ). The construction of the fort was completed after by 1912.
Already during construction, the fort lost its defensive significance, because at the beginning of the 20th century the armies of European states began to use tactics of firing from closed positions, so during the military operations the fort could easily be fired from cannons.
When the First World War began , the Austrian command did not try to maintain the Bryukhovich’s position, as, indeed, the whole of Lviv. However, later, in 1915, during the counterattack of the Austrian troops (known as the General Mackensen offensive), the Russian command equipped the fort with their own cannons. Most likely, these were three-inch (76.2 mm) rapid-fire guns of the 1902 model (firing range - 8500 m). Austrian troops discovered and knocked out the Russians from their occupied positions with the help of a 305-mm mortar, the so-called “Mercer”. After this, no one else used the fort. Now it is in a dilapidated state.