Mediterranean stingray [2] ( lat. Raja asterias ) is a species of cartilaginous fish of the rhombic family of rays of the order of stingrays. They live in subtropical waters of the north-eastern and central-eastern parts of the Atlantic Ocean between 45 ° C. w. and 35 ° C. w. They are found at a depth of up to 343 m. Their large, flattened pectoral fins form a rhombic disk with a slightly protruding snout. The maximum recorded length is 70 cm. Eggs are laid. They are not the target fishing target [3] [1] [4] .
| Mediterranean stingray |
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| Scientific classification |
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| No rank : | Bilateral symmetrical |
| View: | Mediterranean stingray |
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| International scientific name |
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Raja asterias Delaroche , 1809 |
| Synonyms |
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according to FishBase [1] : - Raia punctata Risso, 1810
- Raia stellata garman, 1913
- Raja asteris Delaroche, 1809
- Raja jojenia Cocco, 1834
- Raja punctata Risso, 1810
- Raja punctatus risso, 1810
- Raja schultzii Müller & Henle, 1841
- Raja stellata garman, 1913
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| Security status |
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Close to vulnerableIUCN 3.1 Near Threatened : 63120 |
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Mediterranean stingray disc spiked with thorns
Content
The species was first scientifically described in 1809 [5] . The holotype is an immature male 33 cm long, caught in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Spain [6] .
These demersal ramps live in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Albania , Algeria , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Egypt , France , Greece , Israel , Italy , Lebanon , Libya , Monaco , Montenegro , Morocco , Slovenia , Spain , Syria , Tunisia and Turkey . They are found mainly on the continental shelf off the coast of Italy and Corsica from shallow water to a depth of 150 m. In the eastern part of the Ionian Sea, they drop to 348 m. They prefer a sandy muddy bottom [4] .
The broad and flat pectoral fins of these slopes form a rhombus disk with a slightly protruding snout tip and rounded edges. On the ventral side of the disc are 5 gill slits, nostrils and mouth. On the long tail there are lateral folds [3] . The tail is flattened, with two dorsal fins and an underdeveloped caudal fin. The dorsal surface of the disc is devoid of spines, with the exception of the rostrum, the edge of the eye orbits and a narrow strip along the midline in the middle third of the disk. Orbital spines are divided. Each shoulder has a spike. From the back of the head to the first dorsal fin lies the middle row of spines. There are 1-2 spines between the dorsal fins. The ventral surface is smooth. On both sides of the tail are parallel rows of spikes. There are malar spikes with a star base. The dorsal surface is even brown in color with “eyes” on the pectoral fins [5] . The maximum recorded length is 80 cm [1] .
Like other rhombic, these stingrays lay eggs enclosed in a rigid horn capsule with protrusions at the ends. Embryos feed exclusively on yolk . The diet of adults consists of benthos [1] .
These skates are not subject to targeted fishing. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assigned the species a conservation status of “Close to Vulnerability”.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Raja asterias (English) in the FishBase database.
- ↑ Reshetnikov Yu.S. , Kotlyar A.N. , Russ T.S. , Shatunovsky M.I. Fish. Latin, Russian, English, German, French. / edited by Acad. V. E. Sokolova . - M .: Rus. Yaz., 1989 .-- P. 41 .-- 12,500 copies. - ISBN 5-200-00237-0 .
- ↑ 1 2 Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. Family Rajidae - Skates (Neopr.) . FishBase
- ↑ 1 2 Raja asterias . The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species .
- ↑ 1 2 Delaroche F. Suite du mémoire sur les espèces de poissons observées à Iviça. Observations sur quelques-uns des des poissons indiqués dans le précédent tableau et descriptions des espèces nouvelles ou peu connues // Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. - 1809. - Vol. 13. - P. 313-361, Pls. 20-25.
- ↑ Raja asterias (neopr.) . Shark-References. Date of treatment December 2, 2016.
- Species Raja asterias (English) in the World Register of Marine Species .
