Adele Goldstine ( born Adele Goldstine , nee Katz, born December 21, 1920 - d. November 1964 ) is an American programmer who is known, among other things, for writing the first computer documentation - a complete guide for the first electronic digital computer ENIAK . Her work made a significant contribution to the transformation of ENIAK from a machine that had to be reprogrammed every time again, into a computer capable of performing any operation from a pre-saved set of fifty instructions [1] .
| Adele Goldstein | |
|---|---|
| Adele goldstine | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| A country | |
| Scientific field | Informatics |
| Alma mater | |
| Academic degree | master |
| Known as | one of the first programmers |
Content
- 1 Biography
- 2 Work on ENIAK
- 3 notes
- 4 References
Biography
Adele Katz was born in New York on December 21, 1920 in a Jewish family. She attended high school at Hunter College , then in college itself. Upon completion of the bachelor's degree, she entered the University of Michigan , where she received a master's degree in mathematics [2] . There she met Herman Goldstein , a military man who supervised the design of ENIAC, and married him in 1941 [2] .
In the war and post-war years, Goldstein actively participated in both programming and redesigning ENIAC in collaboration with both the first team of programmers and, for example, John von Neumann (at the Los Alamos National Laboratory , where she formulated tasks for solving at ENIAC [1] ). In 1952 and 1959 , she had two children, in 1962 they found cancer at Goldstein, from which she died two years later [1] .
Work on ENIAK
Working at the Moore School as a mathematics teacher, Goldstein taught calculators to perform manual calculation of firing according to the trajectory table [3] . Her former students became the first ENIAK programmers: Kay McNulty , Betty Jean Jennings , Betty Snyder , Marilyn Weskoff , Fran Bilas and Ruth Lichterman . After they learned how to “program” (reconnecting wires and turning counters) ENIAC using logical and electrical block diagrams , Goldstein wrote the famous manual for use.
In 1946, Goldstein led the redesign of ENIAC for the use of programs stored in memory. In addition to her, Jean Bartik and Dick Clippinger , as well as John von Neumann , who were hired by a consultant to select a set of instructions, participated in the project. The "programming" of the new machine was still carried out by wires, but instead of completely reconnecting them, it was enough to encode the commands planned for execution in the three function tables, which until then were used only for storing auxiliary data when calculating the trajectories. Gene Bartik later said that she had a chance to collaborate with three great programmers: Adele Goldstein, Betty Holberton and Art Goering . In addition to this project, Bartik and Goldstein later programmed with Abraham Taub of Princeton [4] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Jones, J. Sydney. "Adele Katz Goldstine." In Notable Women Scientists. Gale: 1999, pp. 212-13
- ↑ 1 2 “Adele Katz Goldstine”. IEEE Global History Network . Accessed Oct. 17 2013. Retrieved from http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/Adele_Katz_Goldstine
- ↑ Brainerd, John G. “Genisis of the ENIAC” Technology and Culture. Vol. 17.No. 3, pp. 482-88.
- ↑ Thomas Haigh, Mark Priestley, Crispin Rope, ENIAC in Action: Making and Remaking the Modern Computer, 2016
Links
- Women in Computer Science . Women's First Roles in the 20th Century Computer World . Date of treatment February 25, 2006. Archived March 2, 2006.
- Adele Katz Goldstine , biography. Retrieved November 30, 2016.