Gracillanu Ramus di Oliveira ( port.-Brazil. Graciliano Ramos de Oliveira ; October 27, 1892 , Cebrangulu , Alagoas , Brazil - March 20, 1953 , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil ) - Brazilian writer.
| Gracillanu Ramus | |
|---|---|
| port.-braz. Graciliano ramos | |
| Date of Birth | October 27, 1892 |
| Place of Birth | Kebrangulu , Brazil |
| Date of death | March 20, 1953 (aged 60) |
| Place of death | Rio de Janeiro , Brazil |
| Citizenship |  Brazil |
| Occupation | writer, journalist |
| Language of Works | Portuguese |
Biography
He was the eldest of 16 children in the family. In 1927, he was elected mayor of Palmeira-duz-Indius (1928-1930), but resigned. In 1936, during the anti-communist terror, he was subjected to reprisals for his political activities (he was formally accused of involvement in the November uprising of 1935 , which, however, was not proved). He outlined his experience of imprisonment in Memoirs of a Prison, published posthumously in 4 volumes (1953). Member of the Brazilian Communist Party since 1945.
The representative of critical realism and Brazilian modernism, the continuer of the traditions of the Portuguese writer Joche Maria Esa di Keyrosa and the founder of the Brazilian Academy of Literature, Juakin Maria Mashado di Assisa . He introduced social psychology into Brazilian literature.
The first novel “ Caetes ” about a provincial town began to be written in 1926 (written before 1930, published in 1933). Recognition brought the novel “ San Bernard ” (1934), condemning the corrupting influence of ownership on the human person. The novel " Tosca " (1936), which is marked by the influence of symbolism and naturalism, was published after being released from prison thanks to the help of Jose Lins do Reg and other friends. The hard life of peasants in the north-east of the country is dedicated to the novel “ Sears of Life ” (1938, Russian translation of 1961), which is considered one of the most significant works of the writer and filmed in 1963.
In addition to novels, he acted as the author of the collection of short stories Insomnia (1947) and works for children. Also translated into Portuguese works of Booker Washington , Albert Camus and other writers.
Active participant in the peace movement. In 1952 he received an invitation to visit Moscow on May Day holidays, after which he made a great trip to Europe. Impressions of a trip to the USSR and Czechoslovakia outlined in the book " Journey " (published in 1954). Awarded several literary prizes.
Compositions
- the novel "Caetes" / Caetés (1926)
- the novel "St. Bernard" / São Bernardo (1934)
- novel "Longing" / Angústia (1936)
- novel "Sears of Life" / Vidas Secas (1938, Russian translation, 1961)
- the book "Journey" [1] / Viagem (1954)
- “Memories of the Prison,” v. 1-4. / Memórias do Cárcere (1953)
Publications
- Angústia (Romance), 4 ed. - Rio de Janeiro, 1949.
- Infancia, 7 ed. - São Paulo, 1969.
- Two friends // Brazilian stories. - M., 1959.
- Witness // Under the Sky of the Southern Cross. Brazilian short story XIX X XX centuries. - M., 1968.
Notes
- ↑ about a trip in 1952 to the USSR
Literature
- Small Soviet Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. B. A. Vvedensky . (Third Edition) - Vol. 7 - M.: Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 1959. - p. 902
- In memory of the writer, " Foreign Literature ", 1958, No. 6.
- Terteryan, Inna Arturovna , Brazilian novel of the XX century. - M., 1965.
- Silva H., Graciliano Ramos. - Rio de Janeiro, 1950.
- Candido A., Ficção e Confissão. - Rio de Janeiro, 1956.
- Pinto R. M., Graciliano Ramos: Autor e ator. - São Paulo, 1962.
Links
- Gracillanu Ramus on the Internet Movie Database
- Gracillanu Ramus on the KinoPoisk website