Vocals are especially rich in the ability to use advanced performance techniques . Such alternative approaches to singing have been widely used throughout the twentieth century, especially in opera and the so-called art song . The most famous and striking examples of the use of advanced vocal techniques include the works of Luciano Berio , John Cage , George Krum , Peter Maxwell Davis , Hans Werner Hentze , György Ligeti , Demetrio Stratos , Meredith Monk , Giacinto Shelsey , Arnoldo Schärnørnøg Schönberg , Karlheinz Stockhausen , Avi Kaplan and Trevor Wischart , Dimash Kudaibergen .
Content
Timbral Methods
Recitative
Pronunciation by the performer of the text is used very often. The term parlando is also sometimes used to refer to recitative.
Sprechgezang
A combination of singing and recitative. Usually associated with the name of Arnold Schoenberg (in particular, with Pierrot Lunaire , throughout which Sprechgesang is used) and the Second Vienna School . Schönberg in notation marked the spreggesang with a cross on the foot of the note , which means "approximate tone." In modern notation, sprechgesang is often simply written over notes.
Falsetto
A vocal method that allows performers to sing notes that go beyond the upper limit of their normal vocal range.
Vocal Tremolo
It is performed by means of a quick pulsating exhalation of air from the vocalist's lungs during the performance of a certain tone. Usually, the impulse frequency is from 4 to 8 times per second.
Vocal Trill
This is achieved by adding vibrato during the performance of the tremolo.
Inhalation
Singing and recitative can be performed not only on exhalation, but also on inhalation. It turns out a "distorted" sound. Often used to achieve a comic effect.
Overtones
Undertones
Multphony
Yodel
Yodel singing is achieved by a sharp switch between the chest and head registers of the vocalist.
Ululation
Crooning
Glottal sounds
Screaming
It is achieved by splitting the false vocal cords.
Buccal speech
Mouth trumpet
Non-Voice Sounds
Artificial Tone Changes
Inhalation of gases
Artificial Voice Change / Distortion
Singing to the Piano
Famous artists using advanced vocal techniques
- Laurie anderson
- Cathy Berberian
- Iva Bittová
- Thomas buckner
- Jill burton
- Jan DeGaetani
- Paul dutton
- Diamanda galas
- Roy hart
- Nicholas isherwood
- Fatima miranda
- Imogen heap
- Shelley hirsch
- David Hykes
- Sofia Jernberg
- Joan la barbara
- Phil minton
- Meredith monk
- David moss
- Sainkho namtchylak
- Yoko ono
- Carol plantamura
- Alice shields
- Demetrio stratos
- Michael veterter
- Jennifer walshe
- Trevor wishart
- Alfred wolfsohn
- Savina yannatou
- Pamela z
- Vahram sargsyan
- Ralf peters
Literature
- Blatter, Alfred (1980). Instrumentation / Orchestration. New York: Schirmer Books.
- Read, Gardner (1969). Music Notation. 2nd ed. Boston: Crescendo Publishing Co.
- Edgerton, Michael Edward (2005). The 21st-Century Voice: Contemporary and Traditional Extra-Normal Voice. Lanham: Scarecrow Press. - ISBN 978-0-8108-5354-6
- Fuks, Leonardo; Hammarberg, Britta; Sundberg, John (1998): “A self-sustained vocal-ventricular phonation mode: acoustical, aerodynamic and glottographic evidences”, KTH TMH-QPSR 3/1998, 49-59, Stockholm
Links
Audio
- Vox Humana: Alfred Wolfsohn's Experiments in Extension of Human Vocal Range ( Folkways Records , 1956)
- Glossary of Advanced Vocal Techniques (eng) (link not available)