Pathological physiology

In 1542, the French physician Jean-Francois Fernel in his work “De naturali parte medicinae” convincingly showed that a number of completely new patterns are revealed in the onset of the disease and its further development, which, however, did not obey the vital activity of a healthy organism. In this regard, the author identified a field of medicine that studied the characteristics of the vital activity of the “diseased” organism. The author called this area “pathology”.

In 1791, the work of August Friedrich Hecker “Grundriss der Physiologia pathologica” (“Fundamentals of Pathological Physiology”) was published, with the release of which this area of ​​medicine has undergone significant changes.

In 1878 , the world's first major manual on pathological physiology was published, written for students of the imperial Kazan University by the domestic physiologist and pathologist Viktor Vasilyevich Pashutin ^[1] - “Lectures on general pathology (pathological physiology)”, and in 1881 , after moving author in St. Petersburg, the second part of the lectures - "Pathology of body systems."

In 1893, a textbook on pathological physiology "Grundriß der allgemeinen klinischen Pathologie" (later known as Pathologische Physiologie ) was published by the German physician and physiologist Ludolf Krel , who laid the scientific foundations of clinical medicine.

As an independent direction of science in Russia, pathological physiology took shape in the XIX century. The founders of pathological physiology in Russia are A. I. Polunin , A. B. Vokht and V. V. Pashutin ^[2] .

1. Nosology - the study of the disease as a phenomenon that studies the very concept of the disease; includes the classification of diseases into groups based on the similarity of etiology and pathogenesis.
2. General pathological physiology - the typical pathological processes, their etiology, pathogenesis, classification, outcome variants, as well as clinical and morphological characteristics are studied.
3. Private pathological physiology - studies the typical pathological processes occurring in the body with a specific pathology of organs and organ systems. Also studied the mechanisms of occurrence, course and outcome of the most common nosological units.

1. Experimental modeling using living organisms, for example, physiological surgery methods in animal models;
2. In vitro modeling (visceral organisms, cell test systems, etc.);
3. Computer modeling , including molecular modeling , bioinformatics ;
4. Theoretical analysis , including systematic reviews , including methods of theoretical surgery ;
5. Clinical trial ( randomized controlled trial );
6. Statistical analysis , including meta-analysis.

• Meta-analysis
• Systemic medicine
• Theoretical surgery

• Full course of lectures on pathophysiology (Neopr.) . The appeal date is October 27, 2009. Archived August 25, 2011.

• Methodical developments (ex. "Pathophysiology of a cell") (Unidentified) . The appeal date is May 27, 2010. Archived August 25, 2011.