The Ottoman Dynasty had an unusual order of inheritance compared to other monarchies [1] . This order of succession changed over time until the sultanate was abolished in 1922.
Content
Order of Inheritance
List of heirs since 1922
After the proclamation of the republic in 1922 and the elimination of the caliphate in 1924, all representatives of the dynasty were ordered to leave the country. The Ottomans moved to Western Europe and the Middle East. Since there was no clear order of succession to the Ottoman Empire, the head of the dynasty is considered the oldest in age. They were:
- Abdul-Majid II ( 1868 - 1944 ), since 1924 as the last caliph [2]
- Ahmed Nihad ( 1883 - 1954 ), since 1944 as the oldest representative of the dynasty [2]
- Osman Fuad ( 1895 - 1973 ), since 1954, his brother [2]
- Mehmed Abdul-Aziz ( 1903 - 1977 ), since 1973, the last grandson of the Sultan Abdul-Aziz [2]
- Ali Wasib ( 1903 - 1983 ), since 1977, son of Ahmed Nihad [2]
- Mehmed Orhan ( 1914 - 1994 ), since 1983, the grandson of Abdul-Hamid II [3]
- Ertogrul Osman ( 1912 - 2009 ), since 1994, the last grandson of Abdul-Hamid II [4]
- Bayazid Osman ( 1924 - 2017 ), since 2009, the grandson of Mehmed Burkhaneddin, the fifth son of Abdul-Mejid [5]
- Dundar Aliosman (b. 1930), since 2017, great-grandson of Sultan Abdul-Hamid II
Current Continuity Line
If the legal representative of the oldest representative of the oldest branch of the clan ( "the eldest in the clan" ) is considered to be legal, then he would be His Imperial Highness Prince Shahzade Osman Salah-addin Osmanoglu Effendi (b. 1940), great-great-grandson of padishah Murad V in direct male line, son of Ali Wasib , the universally recognized head of the clan . Osman Salah-addin Osmanoglu has 5 descendants in a straight male line. This is the most correct principle in the absence of power and the law of succession to the throne. Especially considering that it is desirable to be a fairly young person, and the oldest representative of the genus is now 85.
If we consider the rightful padishah of the oldest direct male descendant of the last reigning monarch with direct male offspring, then he would be His Imperial Highness Prince Shahzade Chingiz Nazim Effendi (b. 1939), great-grandson of padishah Muhammad V.
If we consider the rightful padishah of the eldest in direct male line, the closest relative of the last reigning monarch, then he would be His Imperial Highness Prince Shahzade Orhan Suleiman Saad-addin Efendi (b. July 16, 1959), great-great-grandson of padishah Abdul-Aziz I. He has no sons, and in general he is the last representative of the clan Abdul-Aziz I.
In total, as of September 2009, the Osmanli clan has 25 males, of which twelve are under the age of forty. The modern Ottoman clan represents several branches:
- the family of Osman Salah-addin Osmanoglu , the great-great-grandson of Murad V - six representatives: 1) Osman Salah-addin Osmanoglu (07.07.1940— ...) Ibn Ali Wasib (1903-1983) Ibn Ahmed Nihad (1883-1954) Ibn Mehmed Salah- addin (1861-1915) ibn Murad V. 2) Orhan Murad Osmanoglu (12/26/1972— ...) Ibn Osman Salah-addin Osmanoglu. 3) Selim Suleiman Osmanoglu (12/15/1979— ...) Ibn Osman Salah-addin Osmanoglu. 4) Turan Jem (2004— ...) Ibn Orhan Murad Osmanoglu. 5) Tamer Nihad (2006— ...) Ibn Orhan Murad Osmanoglu. 6) Batu Bayazid (2008— ...) Ibn Selim Suleiman Osmanoglu.
- clan of Abdul-Kerim , the only son of Mehmed Selim, the eldest son of Abdul-Hamid II - six representatives, the youngest (Prince Garun) was born in 2007
- clan of Abdul-Kadir, second son of Abdul-Hamid II - four representatives, the youngest (Prince Daniel) was born in 1977
- Mehmed V clan - seven representatives, the youngest (Prince Nazim) was born in 1985
- clan of Ibrahim Taufik (1874-1931), the only son of Mehmed Burhan-addin (1849-1876), the ninth (fifth adult) son of Abdul-Mejid I - one representative: Prince Selim Jem (born 05.09.1955) son of Burhan-addin Jem (1920-2008), brother of Bayazid Osman (b.23.06.1924), grandson of Ibrahim Taufik (1874-1931).
- the genus Abdul-Aziz I is the only male descendant of Abdul-Aziz I : Orhan Suleiman Saad addin ibn Suleiman Saad addin (1917-1985) ibn Muhammad Kemal addin (1890-1946) ibn Muhammad Shefket (1872-1899) Ibn Abdul-Aziz I , born July 16, 1959.
Notes
- ↑ Quataert 2005 , p. 90
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Opfell, Olga. Royalty who wait: the 21 heads of formerly regnant houses of Europe . - McFarland, 2001 .-- P. 146, 151.
- ↑ Pope, Hugh. " Oldest Ottoman to come home at last ", The Independent (1992-07-22).
- ↑ Bernstein, Fred. Ertugrul Osman, Link to Ottoman Dynasty, Dies at 97 , The New York Times (2009-09-24).
- ↑ “ 'Osmanoğulları'na insanlık şehadet edecek' Archived on March 14, 2012. ", Zaman (newspaper) (2009-09-27).
Literature
- Peirce, Leslie P. The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire . - New York: Oxford University Press US, 1993 .-- ISBN 9780195086775 .
- Quataert, Donald. The Ottoman Empire, 1700–1922 . - 2nd. - Cambridge University Press, 2005. - ISBN 9780521839105 .
- Karateke, Hakan T. Who is the Next Ottoman Sultan? Attempts to Change the Rule of Succession during the Nineteenth Century // Ottoman Reform and Muslim Regeneration: Studies in Honor of Butrus Abu-Manneb . - London: IB Tauris, 2005 .-- ISBN 9781850437574 .