The metallurgical process is a set of methods ( technological processes ) for the extraction and production of metal .
The metallurgical process is divided by the method of production:
- The metallurgical process for the production of ferrous metals - Ferrous metallurgy ;
- The metallurgical process for the production of non-ferrous metals - Non - ferrous metallurgy ;
Metallurgical processes are divided into three main categories:
- Hydrometallurgical - occur in aqueous solutions at temperatures up to 300 degrees (leaching, cementation);
- Pyrometallurgical - occur at temperatures of more than 300 degrees (melting, annealing );
- Electrometallurgical - occur in aqueous solutions or melts with the flow of electric current through a solution or melt, respectively, while a cleaner metal is restored on the cathode than that used in the manufacture of the anode.
The main goal of metallurgical processes is the production of metals without impurities (higher purity).
Examples of metallurgical processes :
- Puddling
- Rental
Ore
In a broad sense, the whole chain of transformations from ore to a metal ingot can be attributed to metallurgical processes (see Mining and Metallurgical Combine ):
- Ore mining: mine (closed) or quarry (open) method.
- Ore crushing .
- Ore grinding
- Ore beneficiation (gravity, flotation or electromagnetic method).
- Metallurgical processing of concentrate.
- Refining of metal (for precious metals - refining ).
See also
- Iron and Steel Works