IEEE 802.20

iBurst is a mobile broadband wireless access system that was first developed by ArrayComm and announced with its partner Sony Corporation in April 2000. It was adopted as the High Capacity - Spatial Division Multiple Access (HC-SDMA) (literal translation: high quality - spatially divided multiple access) radio interference standard (ATIS-0700004-2005) developed by the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions Telecommunications Industry Solutions , ATIS ). The standard was prepared by the ATIS Wireless Technology and Systems Committee's Wireless Wideband Internet Access subcommittee subcommittee and adopted as the American national standard in 2005.

HC-SDMA was announced as being reviewed by ISO TC204 WG16 for the architecture of continuous communications standards known as Communications, Air-interface, Long and Medium range , CALM , which ISO is developing for intelligent transport systems (English intelligent transport systems , ITS ). An ITS can include applications for public safety, managing network congestion during collisions, a set of automated tools, and much more. A formal link between WTSC and ISO TC204 WG16 for this was established in 2005.

The HC-SDMA interface provides network broadband wireless data transmission for stationary, portable and mobile computer devices and devices. The protocol is designed to function on the “smart antenna” array technology (called MIMO stands for multiple-input multiple-output ) mainly to improve the radio frequency coverage, throughput and system performance. In January 2006, the IEEE 802.20 Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Working Group ( IEEE 802.20 ) adopted an application for a technology that includes the use of the HC-SDMA standard for the standard operating mode with a frequency of 625 kHz and multi-channel duplex communication with temporary separation . One Canadian manufacturer uses a frequency of 1.8 GHz.

The HC-SDMA interface works on objects such as cell phones, with the smooth transfer of control between HC-SDMA cells repeatedly, providing the user with continuous wireless Internet access, even despite the movement at the speed of a car or train.

Suggested benefits of the standard:

• IP roaming and smooth transfer of control from one cell to another when moving a subscriber to a cellular network (by more than 1 Mbps)
• New MAC and PHY with IP and adaptive antennas
• Optimized for full mobility at vehicle speeds up to 250 km / h
• Works on licensed frequency bands (below 3.5 GHz)
• Uses package architecture
• Short wait time

Some technical details:

• Frequency bands at 5, 10 and 20 MHz.
• The maximum data transfer rate is 80 Mbps.
• Spectral performance up to 1 bit / s / Hz using multiple input / multiple output (MIMO) technology.
• Hops over the frequency-divided frequencies distribute OFDM carrier frequencies to near, medium and far handsets, improving SNR (works best for SISO devices).
• Supports low-speed transmission efficiently, transferring up to 100 phone calls per MHz.
• Hybrid ARQ mechanism for up to 6 gears and multiple interlacing options
• The standard slot period is 913 microseconds, transmitting 8 OFDM symbols.
• One of the first standards supported TDM (FL, RL) and split-frequency (FL, RL) placement.

Protocol:

• sets the base station and RF characteristics of the user device, including energy levels of the output signal, transmitting frequencies and synchronization error, pulse generation, parasitic radiation inside and outside the frequency band, receiver sensitivity and selectivity;
• defines interacting packet structures for various types of packages, including standard flows from the level down and up, paging and translation of packet types;
• installs modulation, direct error correction, operation rotation and scrambling for various types of packages;
• describes various logical channels (broadcast, swap, random access, configuration and traffic channels) and their roles in establishing communication through a radio channel;

and

• establishes algorithms for error correction and retransmission.

The protocol also supports Layer 3 (L3) mechanisms for creating and managing logical connections (sessions) between the user device and the reference station, including account, start of flow, power control, transmission, adaptation of the communication channel and closing of the channel, as well as L3 mechanisms for user device authentication and secure transmission over communication channels. Currently deployed iBurst systems provide connectivity of up to 2 Mbps for each user equipment. Obviously, in the future there will be options for updating the firmware to increase these speeds to 5 Mbps, compatible with the HC-SDMA protocol.

The 802.20 working group was provided in response to products using technology originally developed by ArrayComm and sold under the iBurst trademark. The Telecommunications Industry Solutions Association has adopted iBurst as ATIS-0700004-2005. The Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Working Group was approved by the IEEE Standards Department on December 11, 2002 to prepare an official specification for a packet-based broadcast interface for IP-based services. At the height of its position, the group consisted of 175 participants. Initially, the standard under development was baptized as "Mobile-Fi", since it was assumed that this standard would provide a mobile connection at low prices ^[2] .

On June 8, 2006, the IEEE-SA Standards Department ordered all 802.20 working group work to be temporarily suspended until October 1, 2006. The decision came from complaints about the lack of openness and the fact that the chairman of the group, Jerry Upton ^[3] , favored Qualcomm. An unprecedented step followed after the rest of the working groups were accused of statements from large companies and undermining the standardization process. Intel and Motorola have filed appeals, saying they were not given time to prepare their proposals. These allegations were cited in a 2007 lawsuit filed by Broadcom against Qualcomm.

On September 15, 2006, the IEEE-SA Standards Department approved a plan to enable the working group to move towards completion and approval through reorganization. The chairman of the November 2006 meeting was Arnold Greenspan. On July 17, 2007, the IEEE 802 Executive Committee, together with their 802.20 Oversight Committee, approved a change of vote in the 802.20 working group. Instead of voting by every person present, each organization will have one vote.

On June 12, 2008, IEEE approved the core publication standard. Additional supporting and compatible standards included IEEE 802.20.2-2010, consistency statement protocol, 802.20.3-2010, minimum performance characteristics, 802.20a-2010 amendment for the Management Information Base ( MIB ) and some corrections Amendment 802.20b-2010 to support bridging - interworking.

The 802.20 standard was put on hold in March 2011 due to inactivity.

In 2004, another standardizing group for wireless networks was formed as 802.22 for regional wireless networks using the idle frequencies of television stations. Tests, such as those conducted in the Netherlands by T-Mobile International in 2004, were announced as the “802.20 standard”. They were based on orthogonal frequency multiplexing technology, known as FLASH-OFDM, developed by Flarion (owned by Qualcomm since 2006). However, other service providers soon adopted the 802.16e standard (mobile version of WiMAX).

In 2008, the Association of Radio Industries and Businesses ( ARIB ) in Japan adopted the 802.20-2008 standard as ARIB STD-T97. Kyocera sells products that support the standard under the name iBurst. As of March 2011, Kyocera announced that 15 operators in 12 countries are offering this service.

Various options are already available commercially:

• Desktop modem with USB and Ethernet ports (with external power supply)
• Portable USB modem (using power supply via USB)
• Laptop Modem (PC Card)
• Wireless home gateway
• Mobile broadband router

iBurst was commercially available in 12 countries in 2011, including Azerbaijan, Lebanon and the United States.

iBurst (Pty) Ltd began operating in South Africa in 2005.

iBurst Africa International provided this service in Ghana in 2007, and then later in Mozambique, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Kenya.

MoBif Wireless Broadband Sdn Bhd began service in Malaysia in 2007, changing its name to iZZinet. This service provider ceased operations in 2011.

In Australia, Veritel and Personal Broadband Australia (a subsidiary of Commander Australia Limited) offered iBurst services, but both closed after the growth of 3.5G and 4G mobile services. BigAir took over Veritel's iBurst customers in 2006 and discontinued service in 2009. Personal Broadband Australia's iBurst service was closed in December 2008.

Comparison with other standards and technologies

The IEEE 802.20 standard for mobile broadband wireless access is not widespread due to many other standards that provide similar services ^[2] .

iBurst offered a higher speed wireless Internet connection than 3G, making this technology one of the promising and high-quality wireless Internet technologies in the early 2000s. Today, the product niche is mainly limited to areas where 3G and 4G cannot function due to poor infrastructure, the small number of towers available or other restrictive requirements ^[1] .

iBurst as an IEEE standard was released later than IEEE WiMax and High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), hindering its adoption by manufacturers and service providers that have already approved the previously released telecommunication standards ^[1] .

In addition to the 3G and 4G standards, another competitor is the IEEE 802.16e standard, which provides broadband access to mobile users. IEEE 802.16e provides access to users moving at a lower speed than in the case of IEEE 802.20, and uses the existing fixed wireless architecture, while 802.20 requires additional equipment in the form of adaptive antennas ^[4] .

IEEE 802.20 (link not available)