Seński Rudnik ( Serbian Seský Rudnik ) is a village in Serbia, in the Despotovac community in the Pomoravsk district . It is located 20 kilometers from the cities of Despotovac and упuprija [1] . The village, the oldest mining town in Serbia, is named after the mine, the oldest existing coal mine in Serbia [1] [3] ; established in 1853, the mine marks the beginning of the industrial revolution in Serbia [4] . Since 2010, the Council of Europe and the Serbian Ministry of Culture have launched a project to preserve the mine complex, which will be turned into an open-air museum [5] [1] .
| Village | |
| Senjski Rudnik | |
|---|---|
| Serb. Seskie Rudnik | |
 | |
| A country |  Serbia |
| District | Pomoravskiy district |
| Community | Despotovac (community) |
| History and geography | |
| Center height | 560 [1] m |
| Timezone | |
| Population | |
| Population | 438 [2] people ( 2011 ) |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Telephone code | +381 35 |
| Postcode | 35234 |
| Car code | DE |
History
Coal Search
There are several versions of the time of the discovery of coal deposits in this region, the most likely is given by Dragoslav Pandurovich ( Serbian Dragoslav Pandurovi ) in the book 100 Years of the Senj Mine (1853-1953), where it indicates that his father Lazar Pandurovich found coal Senja in 1849. He describes unusual stones called “unhealthy” because his one of the accidentally caught in the fire showed “bright red luminous masses”, which then “turned into thick gray ash”. Lazar was a literate person, he sent several samples to the Cuprija , and from there they were sent to Belgrade . The Ministry of National Economy invited a mining engineer Vasily Bozhich ( Serbian Vasilyј Bozhiћ ) from Srem , who was then part of Austria-Hungary , and sent him for research [6] .
Mine Opening
“The printing of financ- ing-rudar clothes” decided to open a mine, led by expert Vasily Bozhich, and the inspector was Lazar Pandurovich. The new field is called Maidan Aleksandrovac after the then Serbian prince Alexander Karageorgievich . The name of the mine is retained until the removal of Alexander in 1858, and in 1860 the mine was renamed [6] .
According to written documents, the first shipment of coal from Topolivnitsa in Kragujevac took place on May 12, 1854, 26,320 coal was sent (approximately 33.7 tons). Coal at that time was dug during the season from spring to autumn, work in the winter time stopped. Anarchic and non-professional excavation of coal at first led to major problems for the miners in connection with the threat of fire: in 1856 a fire broke out in the then mine, which was extinguished with great difficulty. But, despite all the problems, coal was mined, and it was decided that the coal industry should develop. That is why in 1861 it was decided to build near the mine the first buildings for workers and a warehouse for storing coal [7] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Session Mine (Serb.) . Of website of the Ministry of Culture and Information of Serbia. The appeal date is November 9, 2016.
- ↑ 2011 Census of Population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011, Data by population . - Belgrade: Statistical Office of Republic Of Serbia, Belgrade, 2014. - ISBN 978-86-6161-109-4 .
- ↑ The public company for the underground coal exploitation Resavica: "Session Mine - Eco Museum"
- ↑ Preliminary Contents Technical Assessment of the The Architectural and magnificent Archaeological the Heritage in South East Europe - Senje Coal A mine , Regional Programme for the Cultural and Natural the Heritage in South East Europe, 2005-09-12, < http://www.balkankult.org/bk/ files / 382 / en / Senjski_rudnik _-_ Preliminary_Technical_Assessment.pdf > . Retrieved November 10, 2016.
- ↑ Senjski rudnik - grad muzej , SEECult.org, 2009-06-13 , < http://www.seecult.org/vest/senjski-rudnik-grad-muzej > . Retrieved November 10, 2016.
- ↑ 1 2 Znatsi: On obrontsima Beљanitse , Damњan Popoviћ, Novinsko preduzћe “Diary”, Novi Sad, 1969, attack 23.5.2013
- ↑ „The history of the wearer - 150 years of the Séskog Rudnik“