Odessa Exchange is the second exchange after St. Petersburg in Russia [1] . Founded back in 1796 , it was not only commodity , but also stock . Occupied a special position among other exchanges of the Russian Empire .
Content
History
Bakery
Bread leave was the main vital nerve of urban domestic trade, the trade in grain products in different years amounted to 70 percent. And it is not surprising that the inhabitants of Odessa cared a lot about the structure of the grain trade. They took measures to establish a convenient bread harbor, conducted a railroad along a special overpass with devices for directly loading bread goods from wagons into the holds of steamers . The Society of Southwest Railways in the 1890s opened an elevator in Odessa. In the interests of the grain trade, a grain inspection was established in Odessa . The question “about the need to establish in Odessa, following the example of foreign ports ( Koenigsberg , Danzig ), a special market for bread delivered by wagons, moreover, this bread would remain in wagons for up to a day without paying money for idle wagons, and then wagons would be delivered to those shops where bread is sold. " Such a petition met with complete sympathy in interested institutions, of which there were many.
According to researchers of the economy of the region at the end of the 19th century , the grain trade there was “democratized”, that is, from the hands of a few large firms it passed into the hands of small entrepreneurs. This phenomenon was already widespread in Russia. Its reason is the exchange of large shopping centers by railways into smaller ones, which entailed the involvement of smaller capitalists in the trade turnover. They found sufficient earnings for themselves in smaller parties, with insignificant profits, but with faster circulation of capital invested in the business.
Exchange Creation
It is noteworthy that the exchange in Odessa was created at the request of a foreign merchants . Meetings were held daily from 10 to 12 hours. To monitor the order on the exchange was attended by the police chief . Three decades was enough for stockbrokers to raise the question of their own building, which they quickly built. But the new building did not satisfy the gathering, since the premises of the exchange were adjacent to other city institutions. Their work constrained the activities of stockbrokers. Using a bonded loan, it was proposed to raise money for the construction of the new Odessa Exchange . It was laid in 1894 on the corner of Police and Pushkinskaya streets. The cost of its construction was approximately 800 thousand rubles.
Little is known about stock trading on the Odessa Exchange. The Odessa Exchange quotes were dominated by securities of local banks and bonds of city loans. A significant part of transactions with securities was concluded outside the exchange, in particular, in the famous Fanconi cafe [2] . In the memoirs of contemporaries, almost nothing is said about the passions in the trading of securities . It was said that, as a stock exchange, the Odessa Exchange was not as hype as, say, St. Petersburg . In those years, and it was at the very end of the century, they wrote:
| In the reporting year, the St. Petersburg and Moscow exchanges were also the venue of the stock exchange game, although not as significant as in the previous one; but on the Odessa Stock Exchange this game is not reflected at all. |
See also
- List of stock exchanges
- Historical stock exchanges of the Russian Empire:
- St. Petersburg Exchange
- Moscow Exchange
Notes
- ↑ Exchange business in the Russian Empire: the first heyday and the first fraud
- ↑ Moshensky S.Z. Securities Market of the Russian Empire. . - M .: Economics, 2014 .-- S. 347..357. - 560 s. - ISBN 978-5-282-03357-1 , ISBN 5-282-03357-7 .