António Correia ( port. António Correia , 1487–1566) - the Portuguese commander, who conquered Bahrain in 1521, began a period of eighty-year Portuguese rule over the Persian Gulf .
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Correia was the son of a merchant and explorer, Ayresh Correy, who was notorious for the Portuguese shelling of Calcutta a generation before [1] . Like his father, António traveled and wove political intrigues in the Portuguese colonies of the Indian Ocean .
At the beginning of the 15th century, Bahrain occupied the entire territory of the modern state and Al Qatif in eastern Arabia, ruled by King Mukrin ibn Zamil - one of the three Dzhabrid brothers who controlled the east coast of the gulf. King Mukrin was a nominal vassal of the Portuguese vassals, the kingdom of Ormuz , to which he paid tribute with the lucrative fishing for pearls that made Bahrain a prosperous state. Subordinating the Homuzans in 1515 and appointing friendly leaders, the Portuguese admiral Afonso de Albuquerque designated the jabrids as the main obstacle to controlling the gulf [2] .
In 1521, Mukrin ceased to pay tribute to the Human Rights Force [3] , prompting the Portuguese to appoint Antonio Correille as commander of the naval forces to subjugate Bahrain. On June 27, 1521, Portuguese forces landed at Kardabad and gave battle to the Jabrids. The Bahraini forces were defeated, and Mukrin was captured, and after his death due to a hip injury from a battle, he was beheaded, and his head was sent to Ormuz. Correia later portrayed Mukrin’s head bleeding on his family crest. The severed head is still on the coat of arms of the county of Lousã - descendants of Correa [4] .
The Portuguese immediately began to build a fort in Qalat al-Bahrain to control their new possessions. The fort is still a UNESCO World Heritage Site . But perhaps the main legacy is that the reign of King Mukrin was the last period when the word “Bahrain” meant the historical region of Bahrain, and not the archipelago of islands that forms the territory of Bahrain today. The invasion of Antonio Correia greatly influenced the current borders of the country.
Notes
- ↑ William Brooks Greenlee (1995);
- ↑ Juan Cole (2007), Sacred Space and Holy War , IB Tauris, p.37.
- ↑ Sanjay Subrahmanyam (1997), The Career and Legend of Vasco Da Gama , Cambridge University Press, p.288.
- ↑ Charles Belgrave (1966), The Pirate Coast , G. Bell & Sons, p.8.