Monuron is an obsolete systemic herbicide from the phenylurea group.
| Monuron | |
|---|---|
| General | |
| Systematic name | 3- (4-chlorophenyl) -1,1-dimethylurea |
| Chem. formula | C 9 H 11 ClN 2 O |
| Physical properties | |
| Molar mass | 198.65 g / mol |
| Density | 1.27 g / cm³ |
| Thermal properties | |
| T. melt. | 170.5–171.5 ° C |
| Chemical properties | |
| Solubility in water | slightly soluble (0.23 g · l −1 at 20 ° C) [1] |
| Solubility in | slightly soluble in ethanol, acetone and other polar organic solvents [2] |
| Classification | |
| Reg. CAS number | |
| PubChem | |
| Reg. EINECS number | |
| Smiles | |
| Inchi | |
| Chebi | |
| ChemSpider | |
| Security | |
| LD 50 | 1050 mg · kg −1 (rat, oral) [1]
|
| R phrases | R22 R40 R50 / 53 |
| S-phrases | S36 / 37 S60 S61 |
| H phrases | H351 , H302 , H410 |
| P-phrases | P273 , P280 , P501 |
| GHS icons |    |
Content
- 1 Synthesis
- 2 Features
- 3 Use
- 4 Safety Instructions
- 5 notes
Synthesis
Monuron is obtained by the reaction of p- chlorophenylisocyanate with dimethylamine [3] .
Features
It is a gray-white odorless substance. This is a flammable solid substance, very poorly soluble in water [1] . Hydrolyzed in an acidic and alkaline environment [2] .
Usage
Monuron finds its application as a herbicide [1] , and also as a curing accelerator in the production of epoxy resins [2] . The mechanism of action of monuron as a herbicide is based on the inhibition of electron transport at the level of photosystem II < [4] . Sold by DuPont since 1951 [5] .
This substance is not in the list of certified active plant protection ingredients of the European Union. Monuron is prohibited for use in all EU countries and in Switzerland [6] .
Safety Instructions
Monuron is classified into Category 3 (EC) substances, a possible carcinogenic effect in humans gives cause for concern [2] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Record of Monuron in the GESTIS Substance Database of the IFA .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Datenblatt Monuron (PDF; 218 kB) bei Gischem.
- ↑ Eintrag zu Monuron in der Hazardous Substances Data Bank , abgerufen am 6.
- ↑ Terence Robert Roberts, DH Hutson. Metabolic pathways of agrochemicals, Band 2 . - Royal Soc of Chemistry, 1999 .-- P. 764ff. - ISBN 978-0-85404-499-3 .
- ↑ David A. Hounshell, John Kenly Smith. Science and Corporate Strategy: Du Pont R and D, 1902-1980 . - Cambridge University Press, 1988. - P. 455. - ISBN 978-052132767-1 .
- ↑ Generaldirektion Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit der Europäischen Kommission: Eintrag zu Monuron in der EU-Pestiziddatenbank ; Eintrag in den nationalen Pflanzenschutzmittelverzeichnissen der Schweiz , Österreichs Archived April 22, 2016 at Wayback Machine und Deutschlands ; abgerufen am 24.