Khatira (Bashk. Khatyr) is a genre of oral story-memories in Bashkir folklore , which tells about real events that occurred in the recent past or in modern times for the reader, also includes fictional elements.
Historical legends among the Bashkirs are not accidentally denoted by the term “Tarikh” - “History”. Their historical legends occupy the main place in the system of genres of non-fairy-tale prose (legends, legends, khurafati hikkeye - bylichyk, hatir - stories-memoirs). The main feature, expressed in historical legends most clearly, is the installation of authenticity. Historical legends are designed to preserve in the memory of the people significant events for the society, memories of historical figures, to give them an assessment. The conflict underlying the legends is often national or social (legends about wars, inter-clan clashes, noble fugitives).
In hatiras, narration is usually given on behalf of an eyewitness or participant in events. They are distinguished from the story of the hatera in the main circle of people of a certain locality. In the famous khatirah, socially significant events are described, such as the Great October Socialist Revolution, the Civil War , the Great Patriotic War . These are hatiri (“Bildkän ҡyҙkylarmeets” - “Unknown Red Army”, “Marines” - “Bloody Peak”, “Ә baldhakyty batyrlygyy” - “Courage of Abdelhak”, etc.), also adventure or dramatic artifacts are described; - “Timerbayr batyr”, “Ukhmutsh yyrsy” - “Singer Akhmetsha”, “Safa menan Ivan Poddubny” - “Safa and Ivan Poddubny”, etc. [1] .
Past the test of time hatira become historical legends.
Literature
- Bashҡort chalyk izhady. Әkiәttәr, riүәyәttәr, hәtirәlәr, sәsәndәr izhady Өfө, 1982;
- Nershina F.A. Halyҡ hәtere. Өfө, 2006;
- Bashkir folk art. T.2. Legends and legends. Ufa, 1987.
- Akhmetshin B. G. Traditions about the Bashkir uprising of 1755 / B.G. Akhmetshin // The people and the revolution in literature and oral art. Ufa: Kitap, 1968. - p. 253-268.
- Barag L. G. The Pugachev legends recorded in the mining areas of Bashkiria / L.G. Barag // Oral poetry of the workers of Russia. -M.; L .: Science, 1965. p. 172-181.
- Bashkir folk legends and legends. / Comp., Entry. Art. and comments. F. Nadrina Ufa: Kitap, 2001. - 467 p. (on bash., rus. and eng. lang.).
- Akhmetshin B. G. Traditions about the military cooperation of Russians and Bashkirs / B.G. Akhmetshin // Folklore of the Peoples of the RSFSR: intercollege. scientific Sat -Ufa: Bashkir State University, 1986. P. 130-135.
- Akhmetshin B.G. Bashkir legends and legends about heroic women / B.G. Akhmetshin // Folklore of the Peoples of the RSFSR: intercollege. scientific Sat Ufa: Bashkir State University, 1989. - pp. 83-90.
- Akhmetshin B. G. Traditions about the accession of Bashkiria to the Russian state / B.G. Akhmetshin // Folklore of the Peoples of the RSFSR: intercollege. scientific Sat Ufa: Bashkir State University, 1985. - p. 87-92.
- Nyershina F.A. Ryүәyәt һәm legendaarҙa halyҡ tarihy. Tulalandyrylan baғma. - Өfө: Kitap, 2011, —360 bits. ISBN 978-5-295-05201-9 .
Links
- F. Nadrshina, art. Hatira . Bashkir Encyclopedia.
- Akhmetshina G. M. Bashkir historical legends. Ufa. 2009
Notes
- ↑ A. Suleimanov. Narrative folklore of the Bashkir people. BSPU, Ufa. 2011)